薄层色谱扫描法测定复印纸中单糖的研究

建立了通过薄层色谱扫描法测定复印纸样品水解液中的单糖含量鉴别纸张的新方法。复印纸样品水解后点样在以丙酮处理过的硅胶G薄层板上,以V(正丁醇)∶V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(异丙醇)∶V(乙酸)∶V(吡啶)∶V(水)=7∶20∶12∶7∶6∶5为展开剂,以苯胺-草酸为显色剂,测定了单糖的Rf值,以双波长反射吸收锯齿扫描测定(λS=510 nm,λS=610 nm),外标法定量。该法的线性关系较好,木糖和葡萄糖的检出线分别为4.1、2.5 ng,混合单糖标准品在同一薄层板上的峰面积的相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.3%和2.1%,两种单糖的样品加标回收率为98.09%和98.18%。该方法具有分离效果好,操作简便,可用于复印纸样品水解液中两种单糖的同时测定,从而为法庭科学中复印纸的检验提供了可靠的依据。     

圆萼刺参中的芦丁,熊果酸和齐墩果酸的定性定量分析

采用薄层色谱法(TLC)和反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC)对藏药材圆萼刺参中的芦丁,熊果酸和齐墩果酸进行定性和定量的分析。定性分析:TLC法检定芦丁和熊果酸和齐墩果酸成分,薄层色谱条件是以V(乙酸乙酯)∶V(丁酮)∶V(甲酸)∶V(水)=10∶6∶1∶2为展开剂,喷以10 g/L NaNO2的1%甲醇溶液在105℃检定芦丁,以V(CHCl3)∶V(乙酸乙酯)=1∶1为展开剂,喷以V(H2SO4)∶V(甲醇)=1∶2溶液在105℃检定熊果酸和齐墩果酸。定量分析:RP-HPLC法测定圆萼刺参中芦丁,流动相:V(甲醇)∶V(0.4%H3PO4溶液)=38∶62;检测波长340 nm;RP-HPLC法测定熊果酸和齐墩果酸,流动相:V(甲醇)∶V(0.2%H3PO4)溶液=85∶15;检测波长215 nm;圆萼刺参中的齐墩果酸,在本种植物中首次发现。     

薄层扫描法测定蔗糖脂肪酸酯中的各组成酯

 建立了蔗糖脂肪酸酯中一酯～三酯的薄层分离定性及薄层扫描定量方法。以氯仿 甲醇 醋酸 水 (体积比为 80∶1 0∶8∶1 )为展开剂 ,双波长反射法锯齿扫描 ,测定波长为 530nm ,参比波长为 70 0nm ,线性范围为 4μg～60 μg ,相关系数为0 9940～ 0 9980 ,平均回收率为 96 45%～ 98 73% (RSD为 2 8%～ 3 3% ,n =3)。方法可靠 ,数据准确 ,操作简便易行 ,线性范围宽。     

薄层扫描法测定槐角及槐角丸中的染料木苷和总染料木素

在硅胶G薄层色谱板上,采用双波长薄层扫描法建立了测定槐角、槐角丸中的染料木苷和总染料木素的分析方法。染料木苷和染料木素的薄层展开剂分别为V(三氯甲烷)∶V(甲醇)∶V(冰乙酸)=25∶7∶4和V(三氯甲烷)∶V(甲醇)∶V(冰乙酸)=15∶1∶0.1,染料木苷和染料木素分别在0.5～3.0μg和0.9～5.0μg范围内呈良好线性。该方法为中药槐角和中成药槐角丸的质量控制提供检测方法。     

药桑叶中黄酮类物质的薄层色谱鉴别和活性筛选及含量测定的研究

建立药桑叶中黄酮类物质的薄层鉴别及HPLC法测定其含量的方法,并对黄酮类物质进行抗氧化活性筛选。甲醇为溶剂超声提取桑叶中的黄酮类物质,以乙酸乙酯:水:甲酸:甲苯(17∶2∶2∶0.8)为展开剂于高效硅胶G板上展开,Al Cl3为显色剂,365 nm下检视。以二苯代苦味肼自由基(DPPH)溶剂显色,筛选抗氧化活性。采用PMC pack ODS色谱柱,以乙腈-0.01 mol·L-1醋酸铵溶液(p H=4.8)为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长350 nm,流速1.0 m L·min-1。桑叶中的芦丁、异槲皮苷及紫云英苷在紫外灯下出现明显斑点,薄层-生物自显影实验发现芦丁和异槲皮苷在紫色背景下呈淡黄色斑点,证明二者具有抗氧化活性。3种成分在35 min内均达到完全分离,芦丁、异槲皮苷和紫云英苷的平均回收率及含量分别为95.6%(0.85~1.14 mg·g-1)、97.4%(0.66~0.85mg·g-1)及96.2%(0.09~0.29mg·g-1)(RSD3%)。结论:本法操作简便,准确可靠,可用于药桑叶中黄酮类物质的薄层色谱鉴别及含量测定。     

纤维素三苯甲酸酯作为薄层色谱固定相拆分手性化合物

用超声的方法合成了纤维素三苯甲酸酯(CTB),并将得到的产物用红外光谱与元素分析进行了表征。将该种手性固定相(CSP)用于薄层色谱分离手性化合物,分别采用TEAA,乙腈∶TEAA=2∶1及乙酸乙酯∶水∶冰乙酸=6∶2∶1作为展开剂,使2-(9-蒽基)-2-甲氧基乙酸、2-(9-蒽基)-2-羟基乙酸及苯丙氨酸都获得了完全分离。     

薄层色谱法鉴别槐枝及高效液相色谱法测定其中芦丁含量

建立槐枝的薄层色谱(TLC)鉴别及高效液相色谱(HPLC)法测定其中芦丁含量的方法。样品中加入石油醚(30~60℃)脱色,然后用甲醇超声提取,以乙酸乙酯-甲醇-甲酸-水(体积比为8∶1∶1∶1)为展开剂,建立槐枝的薄层色谱鉴别方法。选用Kromasil C18柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)为分离柱,流动相为甲醇-1%冰醋酸溶液(体积比为32∶68),流量为1.0 mL/min,柱温为36℃,采用HPLC法测定芦丁含量,检测波长为257 nm。芦丁的质量在45.3~226.5 ng范围内与色谱峰面积具有良好的线性关系,相关系数为1.000,方法检出限为1.54 ng。测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.6%(n=6),样品加标回收率为98.7%~102.2%。所建立的薄层色谱鉴别方法及高效液相色谱法测定其中芦丁含量的方法可以有效控制槐枝的质量。     

新型药物辅料2-羟丙基-β-环糊精的色谱分离纯化

利用薄层色谱方法对碱浓度为1.5%、β-环糊精∶环氧丙烷(摩尔比)=1∶21的条件下生成的2-羟丙基-β-环糊精进行了定性分析,并通过对展开剂的选择和优化,得到了3种能有效分离不同取代度2-羟丙基-β-环糊精的展开剂体系,分别为正丙醇-水-浓氨水(6∶3∶1,V/V),异丙醇-水-浓氨水(6∶4∶0.5,V/V)和乙醇-水-浓氨水(6∶3∶0.8,V/V)。通过以乙醇体系为洗脱剂的硅胶柱色谱对其进行分离纯化,得到了两种不同取代的2-羟丙基-β-环糊精。经过ESI-MS谱图分析,确定分离后产品分别为单取代和双取代2-羟丙基-β-环糊精。     

系列缩水甘油醚类β-环糊精衍生物的合成及结构表征

以苯基缩水甘油醚、邻甲基酚缩水甘油醚及苯甲基缩水甘油醚(1～3)和β-环糊精为原料, 分别在弱碱水溶液(1.5%)和强碱水溶液(30%)中制备出系列缩水甘油醚类β-环糊精衍生物, 所得产物用自制硅胶色谱柱分离, 以V(正丙醇)∶V(水)∶V(浓氨水)＝6∶3∶1作为硅胶色谱柱分离纯化的洗脱剂, 得到单2位取代的苯氧基(或邻甲基苯氧基或苯甲氧基-2-羟丙基-β-环糊精(1a～3a)和单6位取代的苯氧基(或邻甲基苯氧基)-2-羟丙基-β-环糊精(1b～2b). 所得产品用薄层色谱、红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振波谱等手段进行了表征.     

用丹磺酰氯定性鉴定吡咯喹啉醌

建立了用丹磺酰氯定性鉴定吡咯喹啉醌的薄层色谱法. 甲基营养菌 No.2 培养液经二乙氨基乙基交联葡聚糖凝胶 A-25离子交换剂、 Sep-Pak C18 Cartridge 纯化后,可获得纯度92%以上的吡咯喹啉醌(PQQ)粉末. 在碱性条件下丹磺酰氯(DNS-Cl)可与 PQQ 生成具有特征性的 DNS-N-PQQ 荧光衍生物, 将其点样于聚酰胺薄膜上, 经正庚烷-正丁醇-醋酸(体积比3∶3∶1)系统展开, Rf值为0.73.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.