超细稀土氧化物粉体粒度测定

采用美国布鲁克海文仪器公司制造的90 Plus粒度仪测定超细稀土氧化物粉体粒度. 以氧化钇为研究对象, 研究了分散剂、悬浮介质、待测样品浓度、分散时间等因素对亚微米级氧化钇粉体粒度测量精度的影响. 由此确定了能准确测定亚微米级氧化钇粉体粒度的测量条件.     

碳酸氢铵沉淀法制备氧化钇粉体时反应条件对产物粒度的影响

研究了碳酸氢铵沉淀法的反应条件对氧化钇粒度的影响,探讨了粒度变化规律。发现在沉淀反应中,晶型碳酸钇铵的形成与否是影响氧化钇粒度的关键因素。在较低的反应温度下,当碳酸氢铵和氯化钇的浓度大于0.25mol·L-1,摩尔比大于5,陈化时间大于60min时得到碳酸钇铵沉淀,经煅烧可获得粒度(D50)大于1μm的氧化钇。当反应物浓度较低、摩尔比小,陈化时间较短时得到无定型碳酸钇沉淀,煅烧沉淀可获得粒度(D50)小于0.5μm的氧化钇。实验证明选择适当的沉淀反应条件,可制备D50在0.3～10μm范围内的不同粒度级别的氧化钇粉体。     

制备工艺对超细氧化钇粉体形态与烧结性的影响

以碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂,研究了不同沉淀反应终点pH值、陈化时间,以及沉淀前驱体煅烧温度对超细氧化钇粉体的形态和烧结致密化的影响。沉淀反应终点pH=7.0和7.8时,随着陈化时间的增加,煅烧后的粉体颗粒均匀长大、形态近似于球形,烧结致密化程度较高。在pH=8.3时,陈化处理后粉体颗粒长大明显且呈不规则形状,而且随陈化时间增长,粉体的烧结活性降低。另外,沉淀前驱体在800℃煅烧得到的超细氧化钇粉体中残留较多的非晶相,造成粉体烧结致密化程度降低;在1000℃煅烧时可以完全消除粉体中的非晶体相,所得到的超细球形粉体颗粒的烧结温度低,致密化程度高。     

亚微米Li_4Ti_5O_(12)材料的电化学性能研究

应用改进固相合成法制备亚微米Li4Ti5O12锂离子电池材料.X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和激光粒度分析分别显示:物相单一且粒度均匀,D50为0.886μm,属于亚微米级材料.合适的粒度和分布使得该材料展示出优良的电化学性能,以其装配的半电池中,0.1C首次放电容量为165 mAh/g,5C时放电容量可达107 mAh/g,10C时仍可达到54 mAh/g.     

碳酸钙微米球的制备与表征

采用醋酸钙和碳酸钠为原料,在反应温度为5℃和柠檬酸三钠质量百分浓度为15%的条件下,采用沉淀法合成出了粒度为1～4μm、分散性好的球形碳酸钙粉体。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱仪(IR)、原子力扫描探针显微镜(ASPM)、光学显微镜、粒度分析仪等对样品进行了表征,并用光学显微镜跟踪考察了碳酸钙微米球的形成过程。结果表明,碳酸钙微米球是由大量纳米级颗粒组装而成。     

超细粉体制备Nd:Y2O3透明陶瓷

采用碳酸氢铵为沉淀剂合成了碱式碳酸钇沉淀前驱体,研究了的前躯体的煅烧工艺对氧化钇粉体性能及烧结氧化钇陶瓷组织、致密化行为以及透光率的影响。在1000℃煅烧6 h获得的超细粉体,经过在氢气介质中1750℃保温3 h烧结后,获得组织均匀,无残余气孔,透光率高的氧化钇陶瓷。     

音波振动式全自动筛分粒度仪的研制

设计了一种采用音波振动方法对颗粒状物质进行筛分的全自动筛分仪，仪器采用微电脑控制筛分的全过程，实现了全自动化，并可外接计算机，获得样品最终粒度分析结果，该仪器广泛适用于石油，地质，水利，海洋，化工，冶金，建材，磨料，医药，轻工，能源等多种领域粉体的粒度分析。     

Ni-P-C复合材料的制备及其电催化产氢性能研究

通过化学镀技术制备了亚微米级的Ni-P镀层石墨粉复合粉体新材料(即Ni-PC).采用扫描电子显微镜、X-射线能谱仪、X-射线粉末衍射仪对Ni-P-C复合粉体分别进行表面形貌分析、表面成分分析和物相分析.通过对Ni-P-C材料电极进行电解水析氢、循环伏安和Tafel极化等电化学测试,研究对比了Ni-P-C(石墨)材料与试剂石墨粉体以及纯Ni电极的电化学催化产氢性能.结果表明:利用化学镀技术成功地在石墨粉体表面镀上了一层亚微米级且均匀、致密的非晶态Ni-P合金.Ni-P-C(石墨)复合电极材料析氢能力强,具有良好的电化学活性.     

Na_2CO_3沉淀制备超细Y_2O_3粉体的研究

超细Y_2O_3具有尺寸效应和稀土元素的双重特性,广泛应用于MLCC,超耐热合金等高新材料。在前期获得晶型Y_2(CO_3)_3的基础上,对Na_2CO_3沉淀制备超细Y_2O_3粉体进行了深入研究,结果表明:与温度、浓度等条件相比,搅拌陈化过程对Y_2(CO_3)_3粒度的影响较大,可以使针状和片状聚集的类球形Y_2(CO_3)_3粉体逐渐分散转化成粒度更小的颗粒;实验最终在并流加料、反应温度40℃, pH 5.5～6.5, YCl_3浓度1.0 mol·L~(-1),加料速度10 mL·min~(-1),搅拌转速600 r·min~(-1), 40℃搅拌陈化48 h的条件下可得到D_(50)=3.77μm,(D_(90)-D_(10))/2D_(50)=0.70的Y_2(CO_3)_3;在550℃较低温度下焙烧2 h后,得到了D_(50)=2.69μm,(D_(90)-D_(10))/2D_(50)=0.97的超细氧化钇粉体。研究为Na_2CO_3沉淀制备超细Y_2O_3工艺提供基础和可能,对提高Y_2O_3产品附加值和减少普通Y_2O_3积压具有重要意义。     

氧化钇、氧化铕粉末的中位直径与离散度的测定

固体粉末的粒度分布,中位直径与离散度是粉末体的重要物理性能之一,对其测定对生产具有实际意义。本工作使用日本清新公司的SKN—1000型、SKN—2000型光透过式粒度分布测定仪,测出氧化钇、氧化铕粉体的粒度数据后,在座标纸上绘出     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.