甲基丙基酸丁酯/SiO_2/TiO_2有机-无机杂化毛细管整体柱的制备及其应用

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2/TiO2杂化材料,并通过双官能团试剂3-(甲氧基硅烷基)甲基丙烯酸丙酯(γ-MAPS)对其进行改性;改性溶胶与甲基丙基酸丁酯(BMA)作为功能单体,在毛细管中进行原位聚合反应,制备了新型的有机-无机杂化毛细管整体柱。采用扫描电子显微镜观察了整体柱柱床的形貌。以硫脲为电渗流标记物对所制备的整体柱进行了柱性能评价,考察了柱的稳定性和重现性,获得了88000plates/m的柱效;考察了中性物质在柱上的的保留行为,得出该柱具有反相电色谱保留性能。通过对2种短肽(磷酸肽和非磷酸肽)洗脱测试,实现了对磷酸肽的有效富集与分离。     

柠檬酸-β-环糊精/SiO_2-TiO_2开管柱的制备及评价

制备一种新型的环糊精衍生物有机-无机杂化材料固定相开管柱,通过毛细管电色谱-质谱(CEC-MS)对其进行评价。以正硅酸乙酯和钛酸丁酯为无机前驱体,柠檬酸-β-环糊精(CA-β-CD)为有机体,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备CA-β-CD/SiO2-TiO2有机-无机杂化毛细管电色谱开管柱,并对其制备条件进行优化。采用扫描电子显微镜和红外光谱对开管柱的形貌和杂化材料的结构进行表征。利用制备的杂化开管柱在CEC-MS上对酪氨酸和色氨酸对映体混合物进行定性分析评价。     

有机-无机杂化硅胶基质整体柱的制备及其电色谱性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,以四乙氧基硅烷和苯基三乙氧基硅烷作为反应单体,通过酸碱两步催化在毛细管中进行原位缩聚反应,制备了新型有机-无机杂化硅胶基质毛细管整体柱,制备过程简单。整体柱基质中均匀分布的苯基基团可直接用于反相毛细管电色谱的分离,因而不需要对基质再进行衍生化。优化了整体柱的制备条件,采用扫描电镜和压汞法对整体柱的微观结构和孔径分布进行了表征。分别考察了溶胶-凝胶初始反应液中水的用量对柱床结构的影响和两种单体的配比对材料孔径分布的影响。研究了稠环芳烃类化合物在整体柱上的保留行为,用所制备的整体柱分离了7种苯酚类化合物,平均柱效达100000塔板/m。     

羧甲基-β-环糊精/SiO_2/TiO_2毛细管开管柱的制备及其应用于毛细管电色谱

以钛酸丁酯和正硅酸乙酯为无机体,以羧甲基-β-环糊精(CM-β-CD)为有机体,在有机相与无机相的质量比为4比3时,通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了CM-β-CD/SiO2/TiO2溶胶作为固定相,从而制成新型的环糊精基有机-无机杂化毛细管色谱开管柱。用扫描电镜及红外光谱法对此开管柱进行表征,证明了固定相与毛细管内壁均匀键合并紧密结合;羧基与Ti-O发生键合并形成了保留环糊精的新型配合物。应用此开管柱对氨基酸对映体、氨基酸混合物和手性药物进行分离,均达到基线分离。试验选用含30%(体积分数)乙腈的磷酸二氢钠缓冲溶液(pH 8.0)为流动相,分离电压15kV,检测波长200nm。此开管柱的最高柱效为每米塔板数(N)116 478;连续10次进样,其迁移时间的相对标准偏差为3.1%。     

介孔SiO_2-TiO_2无机毛细管开管柱的制备及氨基酸混合物的分离

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2/TiO2混溶胶。把溶胶抽入柱中,通过溶剂热反应和高温焙烧制得无机杂化毛细管电色谱开管柱。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、N2吸附-脱附(BET)对开管柱的结构形貌、成分和孔径分布进行了表征。以三种混合氨基酸作为分析物,获得了较好分离。     

聚丙烯酸/SiO2杂化纤维的制备与表征

采用溶胶凝胶-原位聚合法以正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源、乙烯基三乙氧基硅烷(VTEOS)为偶联剂制备了活性SiO2溶胶,经水解、缩合,再于引发剂AIBN作用下与丙烯酸进行原位聚合杂化,制得聚丙烯酸/SiO2杂化溶胶,陈化后用拉丝法制得聚丙烯酸/SiO2杂化纤维。研究了溶胶的杂化机理、成纤性能;采用红外光谱、扫描电子显微镜分析了杂化纤维的结构和微观形态;进行了杂化纤维的TGA和耐水性能测试。结果表明,该聚丙烯酸/SiO2杂化溶胶拉丝性能好,可拉丝时间达1h,杂化溶胶在粘度为1400～3000mPa.s时成纤性能好,可通过拉丝法制得形态良好的杂化纤维;聚丙烯酸与SiO2之间通过化学键作用,在纤维内部有机无机两相间形成均一的连续相;聚丙烯酸/SiO2杂化纤维的耐热和耐水性能均优于纯PAA。     

丙基脲硅胶毛细管整体柱的制备及性能研究

采用溶胶-凝胶技术在毛细管中原位合成硅胶整体柱,通过表面化学修饰技术制备了极性的丙基脲硅胶整体柱.对所制备的整体柱柱性能进行了评价,考察了极性物质在该整体柱上的保留行为,并对其可能的保留机理进行了探讨.研究表明,该柱在亲水作用电色谱模式下能有效分离苯酚类极性小分子化合物.     

Preparation of SiO2-TiO2 mesoporous inorganic hybrid capillary open tubular column and the separation for amino acid mixtures

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了SiO2/TiO2混溶胶.把溶胶抽入柱中,通过溶剂热反应和高温焙烧制得无机杂化毛细管电色谱开管柱.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱(EDS)、N2吸附-脱附(BET)对开管柱的结构形貌、成分和孔径分布进行了表征.以三种混合氨基酸作为分析物,获得了较好分离.     

溶胶-凝胶法载银SiO2杂化材料的红外光谱和热分析

采用溶胶-凝胶法在甲基化改性SiO2溶胶中掺杂硝酸银制备了Ag/MTES-SiO2杂化材料.通过XRD、红外光谱和TG-DTG分析考察了Ag/MTES-SiO2杂化材料的热稳定性,结合Coast-Redfern积分法和Achar微分法求算了Ag/MTES-SiO2杂化材料在热分解过程中各阶段的活化能和指前因子.结果表明...     

Al2O3-PLOT毛细管色谱柱的溶胶-凝胶法制备

首次将溶胶-凝胶法用于制备Al2O3-PLOT毛细管色谱柱.采用正硅酸乙酯、稀盐酸以及氧化铝的乙醇悬浮液组成的溶胶体系,高压动态法涂敷石英毛细管,然后通过高温凝胶反应固定Al2O3涂层,再用无机盐溶液淋洗灭活得到成品.考察制备过程的重复性,表明溶胶-凝胶法制备Al2O3-PLOT色谱柱简单易行,重复性好;对色谱柱性能进行评价,18组分C1 ～C5烃类标准气完全基线分离,环丙烷和丙烯的分离度为1.55 ～1.65,甲烷和正丁烷保留时间变化范围分别小于0.5%和1%,色谱柱的耐温性和稳定性显著提高.     

Separation of peptides on mixed mode of reversed-phase and ion-exchange capillary electrochromatography with a monolithic column

The mixed mode of reversed phase (RP) and strong cation-exchange (SCX) capillary electrochromatography (CEC) based on a monolithic capillary column has been developed. The capillary monolithic column was prepared by in situ copolymerization of 2-(sulfooxy)ethyl methacrylate (SEMA) and ethylene dimethacrylate (EDMA) in the presence of porogens. The sulfate group provided by the monomer SEMA on the monolithic bed is used for the generation of the electroosmotic flow (EOF) from the anode to the cathode, but at the same time serves as a SCX stationary phase. A mixed-mode (RP/SCX) mechanism for separation of peptides was observed in the monolithic column, comprising hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction as well as electrophoretic migration at a low pH value of mobile phase. A column efficiency of more than 280,000 plates/m for the unretained compound has been obtained on the prepared monoliths. The relative standard deviations observed for t(0) and retention factors of peptides were about 0.32% and less than 0.71% for ten consecutive runs, respectively. Effects of mobile phase compositions on the EOF of the monolithic column and on the separation of peptides were investigated. The selectivity on separation of peptides in the monolithic capillary column could be easily manipulated by varying the mobile phase composition.     

Silica sol-gel/organic hybrid material for protein encapsulated column of capillary electrochromatography

A new-type of sol-gel/organic hybrid composite material using gelatin or chitosan with tetramethoxysilane was developed for the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-encapsulated monolithic column for capillary electrochromatography (CEC). The composite monolith was used to immobilize BSA in a fused-silica capillary. The addition of gelatin and chitosan to the alkoxysilane enabled the enantioseparation of Trp. A very small amount of these polymers were effective for the enantioseparation. Especially, the monolithic column prepared from chitosan with tetramethoxysilane showed a high enantioselectivity for Trp enantiomers and the value (alpha' = t2/t1, t1: fast eluted enantiomer, t2: second eluted enantiomer) reached 1.15 on CEC mode. Furthermore, the composite materials exhibited a higher stability compared to the silica sol-gel column. These results showed that the sol-gel/organic hybrid composite was useful as a monolithic matrix for the BSA-encapsulated column for CEC.     

Preparation of a butyl–silica hybrid monolithic column with a “one-pot” process for bioseparation by capillary liquid chromatography

A butyl–silica hybrid monolithic column for bioseparation by capillary liquid chromatography (cLC) was prepared with butyl methacrylate and alkoxysilanes through a “one-pot” process. The effects of polycondensation temperature, volume percentage of N,N′-dimethylformamide, and content of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and butyl methacrylate on the morphologies of the hybrid monolithic columns prepared were investigated in detail. Baseline separations of proteins and small peptides on the hybrid monolithic column were achieved by cLC with gradient elution. In addition, the resulting hybrid column was also applied for analysis of tryptic digests of bovine serum albumin by cLC coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. The results demonstrate its potential application in separation of complex biological samples.     

TiO2/SiO2纳米薄膜的光催化活性和亲水性

通过sol gel工艺在钠钙玻璃表面制备了均匀透明的TiO2/SiO2复合纳米薄膜.实验结 果表明: 当SiO2添加量较高时, TiO2/SiO2复合纳米薄膜的光催化活性明显降低;当SiO2添加 量较低时,TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜的光催化活性无明显变化.在TiO2薄膜中添加SiO2,可以抑制薄 膜中TiO2晶粒的长大,同时薄膜表面的羟基含量增加, 水在复合薄膜表面的润湿角下降, 亲 水能力增强.当SiO2含量为10％－20％（摩尔分数）时获得了润湿角为0°的超亲水性薄膜.     

TiO_2/SiO_2纳米薄膜的光催化活性和亲水性

通过 sol-gel工艺在钠钙玻璃表面制备了均匀透明的 TiO2/SiO2复合纳米薄膜 .实验结果表明 : 当 SiO2添加量较高时 , TiO2/SiO2复合纳米薄膜的光催化活性明显降低 ;当 SiO2添加量较低时 ,TiO2/SiO2复合薄膜的光催化活性无明显变化 .在 TiO2薄膜中添加 SiO2,可以抑制薄膜中 TiO2晶粒的长大 ,同时薄膜表面的羟基含量增加 , 水在复合薄膜表面的润湿角下降 , 亲水能力增强 .当 SiO2含量为 10％－ 20％（摩尔分数）时获得了润湿角为 0°的超亲水性薄膜 .     

Facile preparation method of SiO2/PS/TiO2 multilayer core-shell hybrid microspheres

Organic-inorganic hybrid particles have many potential applications, but almost all of this research was focused on the hybrid particles containing one kind of inorganic nanoparticles. This paper presented a facile preparation method for SiO2/PS/TiO2 multilayer core-shell hybrid microspheres. In this approach, positively charged SiO2/PS core-shell hybrid particles were first synthesized by miniemulsion polymerization using cationic initiator and emulsifier. These positively charged SiO2/PS hybrid particles were mixed with tetra-n-butyl titanate for sol-gel reaction to directly form SiO2/PS/TiO2 multilayer core-shell hybrid microspheres. Some influencing parameters such as surfactant concentration, tetra-n-butyl titanate amount, and glacial acetic acid amount were investigated. TEM, TGA, and EDX analyses indicated that titania layers were successfully coated onto the surfaces of hybrid microspheres.     

Synthesis, characterization, and optical properties of well-defined N-doped, hollow silica/titania hybrid microspheres

Well-defined nitrogen-doped, hollow SiO2/TiO2 hybrid spheres were successfully prepared through a two-step sol-gel synthesis combined calcination process using triethylamine as the nitrogen source. In this approach, polystyrene (PS)/silica microspheres were first synthesized. Subsequently, the amine-treated PS/SiO2/TiO2 hybrid spheres were obtained by sol-gel method. Finally, the elimination of the PS core, nitrogen-doping process, and crystallization of amorphous TiO2 were simultaneously conducted in the calcination process to acquire the final products. The as-prepared hybrid spheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results of XRD, FTIR, and XPS spectra indicated that nitrogen was really doped into the anatase TiO2 shell and confirmed that most nitrogen dopants might be present in the chemical environments of N-Ti-O and Ti-N-O. It was found that the absorption shoulder of nitrogen-doped hollow SiO2/TiO2 hybrid spheres vastly shifted to the visible region up to around 530 nm. The photoluminescence (PL) bands showed spectral lines at about 421, 472, and 529 nm, which were attributed to the self-trapped excitons, F and F+ centers. Moreover, the intensity of the PL spectra band of hollow SiO2/TiO2 hybrid spheres increased with as the amount of titanium tetrabutoxide (TBOT) precursor increased. However, the doping of nitrogen into hollow SiO2/TiO2 hybrid spheres led to the drastic quenching of photoluminescence because of the increase in the separation efficiency of the photoinduced electron and hole pairs.     

CEC separation of peptides using a poly(hexyl acrylate-co-1,4-butanediol diacrylate-co-[2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl]trimethyl ammonium chloride) monolithic column

A polyacrylate-based monolithic column bearing cationic functionalities and designed for capillary electrochromatography (CEC) has been prepared via photopolymerization of a mixture of hexyl acrylate, butanediol diacrylate, 2-(acryloyloxy) ethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (monomers), azobisisobutyronitrile (photoinitiator), acetonitrile, phosphate buffer, and ethanol (porogens). The polymerization process was initiated with UV light at 360 nm. The column performance was evaluated via the separations of alkylbenzenes, substituted anilines, basic drugs, peptides, and a protein digest. The separation of complex peptide mixtures was then studied since such separations constitute a promising application of capillary electrochromatography. In particular, the effects of mobile phase composition, including ionic strength of the buffer solution and the percentage of acetonitrile on the retention factor, the column efficiency, and the resolution were determined. The separations were affected by both interaction of the peptides with the stationary phase and their own electrophoretic mobility. Excellent separations with column efficiencies of up to 160 000 plates/m were achieved for both a mixture of ten well-defined peptides and a tryptic digest of cytochrome c. The fractions of eluent containing peptides of the digest separated in the monolithic column were collected and characterized using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry.     

微乳法制备纳米TiO2 /SiO2的结构及光催化研究

Nanosized TiO₂ and TiO₂/SiO₂ particles were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the TX-100 reverse microemulsion. These particles were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD, FTIR, TEM，N₂ adsorption-desorption. Their photocatalytic activity was tested by degradation of methyl orange. The result shows that TiO₂/SiO₂ nanoparticles are with a monodispersed spherical phase and a uniform size distribution，and TiO₂ particles are dispersed on the surface of SiO₂. The band for Ti-O-Si vibration in FTIR was observed, the Ti-O-Si bond increased the stability of anatase TiO₂, suppressed the phase transformation of titania from anatase to rutile. And due to the addition of SiO₂, the average size of titania decreased from 38 nm in pure TiO₂ to 5 nm in TiO₂/SiO₂. It was found, under UV light irradiation, TiO₂/SiO₂ particles showed higher activity than pure TiO₂, and TiO₂/SiO₂(1/1) particles showed the highest photocatalytic activity on the photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange, which was influenced by crystal structure, particle size, crystallinity and Surface area Characteristics.     

Preparation of phenylboronic acid-silica hybrid monolithic column with one-pot approach for capillary liquid chromatography of biomolecules

A phenylboronic acid-silica hybrid monolithic column for capillary liquid chromatography (cLC) was prepared through one-pot process by using 4-vinylphenylboronic acid (VPBA) and alkoxysilanes simultaneously. The effects of the molar ratio of tetramethyloxysilane/γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (TMOS/γ-MAPS), amount of VPBA, and the volume of diethylene glycol (DEG) on the morphologies, permeabilities and pore properties of the prepared VPBA-silica hybrid monolithic columns were studied in detail. A relatively uniform monolithic structure with high porosity was obtained with optimized ingredients. A series of cis-diol-containing compounds, alkylbenzenes, amides, and anilines were utilized to evaluate the retention behaviors of the VPBA-silica hybrid monolithic column. The result demonstrated that the prepared VPBA-silica hybrid monolithic column exhibited multiple interactions including hydrophobicity, hydrophilicity, as well as cation exchange apart from the expected affinity interaction. The run-to-run, column-to-column and batch-to-batch reproducibility of the VPBA-silica hybrid monolith were satisfactory with the relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 1.63% (n = 5), 2.02% (n = 3) and 2.90% (n = 5), respectively, indicating the effectiveness and practicability of the proposed method. In addition, the VPBA-silica hybrid monolithic column was further applied to the separation of proteins and tryptic digest of bovine serum albumin (BSA), respectively. The successful applications suggested the potential of the VPBA-silica hybrid monolith in proteome analysis.