基础有机化学实验教学内容的改革探索

对基础有机化学实验的教学内容进行了全方位、系统化的改革探索。对传统有机化学实验内容,增加了新的知识和实验技术。将有机人名反应、优秀的科研成果改编成新的实验教学项目,同时增设了新的微型实验、绿色实验、原子经济反应实验、全英实验。该实验内容新体系经过多年的教学实践,教学效果有显著提高。     

基于"以学生为中心"理念的有机化学互动教学

探索了有机化学课程讲授过程中以学生为中心的互动教学模式,从人名反应学生自主授课设计思路及发展过程、学生授课评价体系、学生答疑团队及答疑qq群的建立等3个方面介绍了互动教学模式的设计方式及优势。结果表明,该教学方法除了可以提升学生学习兴趣及成绩,对学生综合能力和素质的提升也具有积极的作用。     

质谱实时监测有机化学反应的研究进展

质谱法是一种能够提供物质丰富结构信息的谱学方法,广泛应用于有机物的测定、有机化学反应的监测以及有机化学反应机理的研究中。本文综述了质谱实时监测缩合反应、取代反应、氧化反应、环化反应、加成反应、偶联反应、自由基反应等有机化学反应的研究进展。     

水介质中无催化剂的有机反应的研究进展

水介质中无催化剂存在下的有机反应具有操作简单、便捷、安全、高效等优点,是实现绿色有机化学的重要途径之一。本文综述了近年来该领域的研究进展。     

基础有机化学中几类经典有机反应的改进创新

介绍了几类经典有机反应的改进创新,包括Br?nsted酸催化的炔烃水合反应、无氨Birch还原反应、碘仿反应合成酰胺、基于自活化循环的Beckmann重排反应、芳基重氮盐的双分子脱氮偶联反应等。这些反应与基础有机化学密切相关,并且主要是国内科研团队取得的创新成果,体现了我国学者在学科发展中所做出的重要贡献。希望对这些反应的总结能够对丰富和拓展基础有机化学的教学内容有所帮助,同时也为有机化学课程思政教育尤其是爱国主义教育提供新的素材。     

基础有机化学教学与前沿科学研究的融合——共价有机骨架材料的成键方式

作为材料研究领域的明星,共价有机框架材料的研究是基于有机化学反应的成功选择和合成条件的不断优化。本文探讨将共价有机框架材料的成键方式引入有机化学教学课堂的途径,阐述有机化学反应在新型纳米材料设计合成中的应用。科教融合教学模式不仅能够培养学生掌握知识、运用知识解决实际复杂问题的能力;同时可以调动学生的学习兴趣、拓展科研视野、激发科研热情;更能在科研成果中增强学生的专业认同感、培养学生的创新意识和社会担当。科教融合是实现创新人才培养的一个重要环节。     

《高分子化学》聚合机理教学中有机化学知识的衔接利用

高分子化学是在有机化学基础上发展而成一门学科,高分子的合成反应与有机小分子的合成反应密切相关,特别是高分子合成反应机理的学习中大量应用到有机化学的基础知识.因此,在高分子化学教学中有效利用有机化学知识是帮助学生更好理解和掌握高分子化学反应机理相关知识的关键.本文根据笔者教学实践,从烯类单体聚合活性及机理、自由基聚合阻聚机理、配位聚合机理等方面以实例形式探讨了如何利用有机化学知识帮助解释高分子化学中反应活性及反应机理.     

分子碘催化的有机化学反应

从有机合成化学的角度,按反应类型综述了分子碘作为催化剂在有机化学中的应用,碘催化的反应主要涉及保护基团的形成和裂解、氧化和还原反应、成环反应、加成反应、取代反应和重排反应等。     

仿生体系的物理有机化学的新进展——微环境效应

近几十年来,有机化学在深度和广度上已达到了一个新的水平. 我们认为在近代有机化学的发展中始终贯穿着二个基本特点,第一是数学和物理学越来越渗入,例如应用计算技术的新实验装置已彻底改变了有机化学结构分析的面目,而且亦使研究工作更为深入和定量;轨道对称守恒原理和前沿轨道理论等量子化学已成为有机化学家新的理论工具。第二个基本特征是生命过程的研究与有机化学密切连系,生物有机化学、生物无机化学、仿生化学、分子生物学等新的边缘学科,蓬勃发展。有机化学工作者正尝试用生命过程中进行的反应来改进原有的有机化学。近代物理有机化学的进展也正从一个重要     

高中化学竞赛有机部分的学习方法和技巧

全国高中化学竞赛中,有机化学一直是竞赛内容的重要部分,其难度较大。因此,结合近年来全国高中化学竞赛试题阐述了基础有机化学反应、有机化学理论知识和有机化学反应历程3个模块的学习方法;总结了归纳法、逆推法、综合分析法等解答有机试题的技巧,从而帮助学生短时间内提高竞赛成绩。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.