N—羟基琥珀酰亚胺—3—吲哚乙酸酯柱前衍生高效液相色谱分离…

本文首次报道了一种新的羧酸活性酯试剂，Ｎ－羟基琥珀酰亚胺－３－吲哚乙酸酯作为柱前荧光衍生试剂，流动相为１０ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ柠檬酸－ＮａＨＰＯ４－ｐＨ３．６的甲醇／水溶液，Ｃ１８柱，于λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝２７８ｎｍ／３５５ｎｍ处进行荧光检测高效液相色谱分离测定了谷胱甘肽，二甘肽，谷氨酸，胱氨酸，甘氨酸，当Ｓ／Ｎ＝３时，检出限为０．２至２．５ｐｍｏｌ。     

荧光素荧光猝灭法测定微量碘酸根

报道了荧光素为指示剂荧光猝灭法间接测定ＩＯ３－的方法。在０．０５ｍｏｌ／ＬＨ２ＳＯ４介质中，Ｉ－和ＩＯ３－反应生成Ｉ２，I２与荧光素反应、使荧光素荧光猝灭。该体系的激发波长和发射波长分别为４９３ ｎｍ和５１４ ｎｍ。ＩＯ３含量在２～８０ μｇ／Ｌ范围内有良好的线性关系，测定下限为 ２ μｇ／Ｌ。该法灵敏度高，选择性好，操作简单。用于含碘食盐、低钠食盐中微量ＩＯ３的测定，结果满意。     

新荧光试剂—3—邻甲苯基—5—（2‘—羧基苯偶氮）绕丹宁的荧光性质研究

本文报道新荧光试剂－３－邻甲苯基－５－（２’－羧基苯偶氮）绕丹宁（３ＯＭＲＡＣＰ）的荧光特性，建立了荧光分析测定铜的方法，在ｐＨ５．６时，３ＯＭＲＡＣＰ与铜（Ⅱ）形成螯合物，并在λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝３０８ｎｍ／４０５ｎｍ产生强烈荧光，其荧光强度与铜（Ⅱ）的浓度在０．１～４．０×１０＾－２μｇ／ｇ范围内呈线性关系，检测限达５×１０＾－４μｇ／ｇ。测定了人发中的痕量铜，结果满意。     

用新试剂2[—5‘—氟—2’—砷酸基苯）偶氮]—1,8—二羟基—3,6—萘二磺酸荧光法

研究了试剂２－」５’－氟－２’－－砷酸基苯）偶氮「－１，８－二羟基－３，６－萘二磺酸与硼的荧光性能。硼与试剂形成１：２的强荧光配合物，其λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝２３４ｎｍ／３８０ｎｍ，Ｂ（Ⅲ）含量在０－３６０μｇ／Ｌ范围内呈良好线性关系，检测限为２．０６μｇ／Ｌ，据此建立了测定微量硼的新方法。     

用新试剂2-[(5’-氟-2’-砷酸基苯)偶氮]-1,8-二羟基-3,6-萘二磺酸荧光法测定硼

研究了试剂２－［（５’－氟２’－砷酸基苯）偶氮］－１，８－二羟基－３，６－萘二磺酸与硼的荧光性能．硼与试剂形成１：２的强荧光配合物，其λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝２３４ ｎｍ／３８０ ｎｍ， Ｂ（Ⅱ）含量在 ０～３６０μｇ／Ｌ范围内呈良好线性关系，检测限为２．０６μｇ／Ｌ，据此建立了测定微量硼的新方法。该方法应用于茶叶、铝合金及粮食等样品中微量硼的测定，结果满意．     

铅于旋转银盘电极上欠电位沉积的计时库仑法研究

用计时库仑法研究了Ｐｂ２＋于旋转Ａｇ盘电极（Ａｇ－ＲＤＥ）上的欠电位沉积（ＵＰＤ）性质。实验证明,支持电解质（０．０１ｍｏｌ／Ｌ　ＨＮＯ３＋０．０１　ｍｏｌ／Ｌ ＮａＣＩ）中Ｃｌ－离子的存在有利于取得稳态条件下ＵＰＤ Ｐｂ的电量值。其氧化过程电量（Ｑａ）,代表Ｐｂ２＋吸附单层被定量转化为ＵＰＤ Ｐｂ单层的量,Ｑａ的平均值为３９３．３μＣ／ｃｍ２,相应于２×１０－９ｍｏｌ／ｃｍ２Ｐｂ２＋表面复盖量。     

水杨醛缩—5—碘—5—氨基喹啉的合成及荧光光度法测定煤渣中痕量镓的研究

报道了新息夫碱试剂水杨醛缩－５－碘－５－氨基喹啉（ＳＡＩＡＱ）的合成。用元素分析、红外光谱法确定了其结构。测定了ＳＡＩＡＱ的酸度常数Ｋａ１＝２．４０×１０＾－４，Ｋａ２＝２．９８×１０＾－９。在ｐＨ３．５０￣５．００范围内ＳＡＩＡＱ与Ｇａ＾３＋形成稳定的荧光螯合物，且在λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝４２８ｎｍ／５４０ｎｍ产生强烈荧光。其荧光强度与Ｇａ＾３＋的浓度在１．５μｇ／Ｌ￣２６０μｇ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，     

邻菲罗啉－水杨基荧光酮荧光熄灭新体系测定银的研究

在聚乙烯醇（ＰＶＡ）存在下Ａｇ（Ｉ）与水杨基荧光酮（ＳＡＦ）及邻菲罗啉（ｏ－ｐｈｅｎ）形成异配位体配合物使水杨基荧光酮的荧光熄灭。在ｐＨ６．４～７．３，ＨＡｃ－ＮＨ＿４Ａｃ或ＮＨ＿３·Ｈ＿２Ｏ－ＮＨ＿４Ａｃ的介质中，λ＿（ｅｘ）＝４００ｎｍ，λ＿（ｅｍ）＝５１０ｎｍ，体系的荧光熄灭程度最大，线性范围为０～０．６ｍｇ／Ｌ，检出限为０．００９ｍｇ／Ｌ。方法用于阳极泥中银的测定，结果满意。     

水杨醛缩-5-碘-8-氨基喹啉的合成及荧光光度法测定煤渣中痕量镓的研究

报道了新息夫碱试剂水杨醛缩－５－碘－８－氨基喹啉（ＳＡＩＡＱ）的合成。用元素分析、红外光谱法确定了其结构。测定了ＳＡＩＡＱ的酸度常数Ｋａ１＝２．４０×１０－４，Ｋａ２＝２．９８×１０－９。在ｐＨ３．５０～５．００范围内ＳＡＩＡＱ与Ｇａ３＋形成稳定的荧光螯合物，且在λｅｘ／λｅｍ＝４２８ｎｍ／５４０ｎｍ产生强烈荧光。其荧光强度与Ｇａ３＋的浓度在１．５μｇ／Ｌ～２６０μｇ／Ｌ范围内呈线性关系，检出限１．５μｇ／Ｌ，考察了共存离子的影响，选择性高。已应用于煤渣中痕量镓的分析。     

桑色素荧光光度法测定二氯化双(丁氧羰乙基)锡

在ｐＨ３．０的ＨＡｃ－ＮａＡｃ缓冲溶液中和有Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ Ｘ－１００存在下,二氯化双（丁氧羰乙基）锡（简写为Ｒ２ＳｎＣｌ２）与桑色素形成１：１的荧光络合物。络合物的激发波长和发射波长分别为４４３．２ｎｍ和５１４。４ｎｍ。Ｒ２ＳｎＣｌ２中的Ｓｎ浓度在０￣３．０ｍｇ／Ｌ范围内,与络合物荧光强度呈线性关系。方法检出限为７．８１μｇ／Ｌ Ｓｎ,用于ＰＶＣ中间产品和污水中Ｒ２ＳｎＣｌ２的测定,结果满意,相对     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Mechanism of action of base-catalyzed oxygenation of phenol derivatives

Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6.     

解决能源问题的新途径——光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.