简便吸收光谱法测定饮料中共存色素诱惑红和柠檬黄

建立了同时测定饮料中共存色素诱惑红和柠檬黄的简便吸收光谱法。在pH 7.2～8.7 Tris-HCl介质中,诱惑红和柠檬黄与双绿SF反应生成离子缔合物。诱惑红-双绿SF在可见光区有正吸收峰(496 nm)和负吸收峰(570 nm),诱惑红的质量浓度在0.03～12.4 mg/L范围内服从朗伯-比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.79×104L/(mol·cm)(496 nm)和2.43×104L/(mol·cm)(570 nm),检出限为29μg/L (496 nm)和27μg/L(570 nm),定量限分别为0.78 mg/kg和0.73 mg/kg。柠檬黄-双绿SF在422 nm和660 nm处分别产生1个较强的正吸收峰,柠檬黄的质量浓度在0.04～13.4 mg/L范围内服从朗伯-比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.13×104L/(mol·cm)(422 nm)和1.59×104L/(mol·cm)(660 nm),检出限为32μg/L(422 nm)和35μg/L(660 nm),定量限分别为0.87 mg/kg和0.95 mg/kg。当用双波长法测定时,表观摩尔吸光系(κ)为4.22×104L/(mol·cm)(诱惑红体系)和3.72×104L/(mol·cm)(柠檬黄体系),诱惑红体系的检出限和定量限分别为0.014 mg/L和0.38 mg/kg,加标回收率和相对标准偏差分别为98.0%～102%和2.3%～2.8%;柠檬黄体系的检出限和定量限分别为0.017 mg/L和0.46 mg/kg,加标回收率和相对标准偏差分别为97.5%～103%和1.1%～2.2%。该法适于饮料中诱惑红和柠檬黄的测定。     

双波长叠加吸收光谱法测定药物中的酒石酸美托洛尔

建立了快速、准确测定药物中酒石酸美托洛尔的双波长叠加可见吸收光谱法。在pH 4.55的酸性Tris-盐酸介质及586~740 nm波长范围内,偶氮氯膦Ⅲ与酒石酸美托洛尔反应生成具有两个明显正吸收峰的离子缔合物,最大正吸收波长位于614 nm,次大正吸收波长位于664 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)分别为6.03×10~4L/(mol·cm)(614 nm)和5.37×10~4L/(mol·cm)(664 nm),酒石酸美托洛尔的质量浓度在0.2~8.6 mg/L范围内服从朗伯-比尔定律,检出限为0.13 mg/L(614 nm)和0.15 mg/L(664 nm)。当采用双波长叠加法测定时,其表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)可达1.14×10~5L/(mol·cm),检出限为0.072 mg/L。该文同时探讨了显色反应的适宜条件、共存物质的影响及吸收光谱特征。实验发现,该反应体系的单波长及双波长叠加吸收光谱法的表观摩尔吸光系数可达5.37×10~4~1.14×10~5L/(mol·cm),方法可用于市售药物中酒石酸美托洛尔含量的测定,加标回收率为98.0%~101%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.8%~2.3%。     

多波长吸收光谱法快速测定药物中的奥扎格雷钠

建立了快速测定药物中奥扎格雷钠的多波长吸收光谱法。在弱碱性Tris-盐酸缓冲介质中,奥扎格雷钠与甲基绿反应生成具有3个不同吸收强度的正吸收峰的绿色离子缔合物,最大正吸收峰位于660 nm,次大正吸收峰位于562 nm,相对最小的正吸收峰位于420 nm,它们的表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)分别为6.74×10~4L/(mol·cm)(660 nm)、4.47×10~4L/(mol·cm)(562 nm)和3.16×10~4L/(mol·cm)(420 nm),当采用双波长叠加法或三波长叠加法测定时,它们的表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)可达1.12×10~5L/(mol·cm)(562 nm+660 nm)和1.44×10~5L/(mol·cm)(420 nm+562 nm+660 nm),奥扎格雷钠的质量浓度在0.05~4.5 mg/L范围内服从比尔定律。以660 nm为例,采用单波长法测定了市售奥扎格雷钠药物中奥扎格雷钠的含量,加标回收率为99.1%~101.7%,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.8%~1.2%。     

基于灿烂绿与甜蜜素的显色反应测定饮料中甜蜜素

建立了测定饮料中甜蜜素的吸收光谱法。在弱酸性溶液中,甜蜜素与灿烂绿反应生成离子缔合物,在608 nm和636 nm处产生2个较强的正吸收峰,甜蜜素的质量浓度在0.05～3.6 mg/L范围内服从朗伯-比尔定律,表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)为5.12×10~4L/(mol·cm)(608 nm)和4.11×10~4L/(mol·cm)(636 nm),检出限为0.038 mg/L(608 nm)和0.041 mg/L(636 nm),定量限分别为25.2和27.2 mg/L。若将608 nm和636 nm叠加测定,表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)为9.23×10~4L/(mol·cm),检出限和定量限分别为0.02和13.3 mg/L,此法用于实际样品中甜蜜素的测定,加标回收率(n=5)和相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)分别为97.7%～102%和1.0%～2.0%。该法适于苏打、果味及碳酸饮料中甜蜜素的测定。     

双波长叠加可见吸收光谱法测定食品中的Cu

建立了一种测定食品中Cu的双波长叠加可见吸收光谱法。在pH 5.76的Tris-盐酸缓冲介质中,甲基蓝与Cu(Ⅱ)反应生成具有2个明显正吸收峰的蓝色离子缔合物,它们的正吸收波长分别位于527 nm和640 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数分别为2.42×10~4和2.31×10~4L/(mol·cm)。当用双波长叠加法测定时,其表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)可达4.37×10~4L/(mol·cm),它们的定量限分别为0.50 mg/100 g(527 nm),0.44 mg/100 g(640 nm)和0.24 mg/100 g(527 nm+640 nm)。Cu(Ⅱ)的质量浓度在0.1~1.6 mg/L内遵从比尔定律。还研究了吸收光谱特征、反应的适宜条件及共存物质的影响。方法用于食品中Cu的测定,加标回收率和相对标准偏差分别为97.9%~103%和2.3%~2.7%。     

多波长褪色分光光度法测定药物中的酒石酸美托洛尔

建立了测定药物中酒石酸美托洛尔的多波长褪色分光光度法,探讨了适宜反应条件、褪色光谱特征及共存物质的影响。在pH 5.66的Tris-盐酸缓冲介质中,酒石酸美托洛尔与固绿FCF反应生成具有3个负吸收峰(可见区)的二元离子缔合物,最大负吸收峰位于660 nm,另两吸收峰分别位于560 nm和426 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)分别为3.43×10~4(660 nm),2.53×10~4(560 nm)和2.57×10~4L/(mol·cm)(426 nm)。当用双波长或三波长叠加负吸收光谱法测定时,表观摩尔吸光系数分别可达5.96×10~4L/(mol·cm)(660 nm+560 nm)和8.53×10~4L/(mol·cm)(660 nm+560 nm+426 nm)。酒石酸美托洛尔的质量浓度在0.02~6.8 mg/L范围内服从朗伯-比尔定律。该方法用于市售酒石酸美托洛尔药物中酒石酸美托洛尔的测定,加标回收率为98.2%~102.7%,相对标准偏差RSD(n=6)为2.0%~2.3%。     

柠檬酸与维多利亚蓝B的吸收光谱及应用

建立了一种新的、快速测定柠檬酸的吸收光谱法。在pH=9.02的Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,柠檬酸与维多利亚蓝B反应生成一个具有明显正吸收峰和一个明显负吸收峰的蓝色离子缔合物,最大正吸收波长位于632 nm,最大负吸收波长位于428 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数(ε)分别为2.03×10~4、1.00×10~4 L/(mol·cm),柠檬酸的质量浓度在0~2.9 mg/L范围内服从比尔定律。优化条件下,采用双波长叠加法测定时,表观摩尔吸光系数可提高到3.03×10~4 L/(mol·cm)。方法用于市售新鲜柠檬中柠檬酸的测定,回收率为98.34%~101.8%,相对标准偏差为1.7%~2.2%。     

三波长吸收光谱法测定药物中地奥司明

在弱酸性溶液中,地奥司明与亮绿反应生成具有3个强度相近负吸收峰的绿色二元离子缔合物。他们的负吸收波长分别位于424 nm、560 nm和660 nm处,表观摩尔吸光系数分别为5.84×10~4 L/(mol·cm)、6.02×10~4 L/(mol·cm)和5.76×10~4 L/(mol·cm)。当以双波长法(424 nm+560 nm)和三波长法(424 nm+560 nm+660 nm)测定时,其表观摩尔吸光系数分别达1.19×10~5 L/(mol·cm)和1.77×10~5 L/(mol·cm),线性范围均为0.03～12.2 mg/L。将灵敏度最高的三波长法用于市售地奥司明药物中地奥司明的测定,加标回收率为98.1%～102%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=5)为2.0%～2.4%。     

乙基紫褪色分光光度法测定药物中的美司那

建立了测定药物中美司那的褪色分光光度法。在酸性BR缓冲溶液中,美司那与乙基紫以静电引力作用生成具有2个较强负吸收峰的新物质,使溶液褪色,美司那的质量浓度在630 nm和492 nm处与生成的新物质的吸光强度的绝对值(|A|)有线性关系并服从朗伯-比尔定律,他们的线性范围为0.2～2.3 mg·L~(-1),表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)分别为1.71×10~4 L/(mol·cm)(492 nm)和2.53×10~4 L/(mol·cm)(630 nm),检出限分别为0.18 mg·L~(-1)和0.14 mg·L~(-1)。用双波长叠加法测定时,其表观摩尔吸光系数(κ)达4.24×10~4 L/(mol·cm),约是单波长法的2倍,检出限为0.080 mg·L~(-1)。该法用于市售美司那药物中美司那含量的测定,结果满意。     

四氯四碘荧光素作显色剂测定盐酸依托必利

以四氯四碘荧光素作为显色剂,研究了测定盐酸伊托必利的适宜条件及光谱特征,建立了测定药物中盐酸伊托必利的简便、快速、准确的吸收光谱法。在弱碱性Tris-HCl缓冲溶液中,四氯四碘荧光素与盐酸伊托必利以静电作用发生显色反应生成离子缔合物,在可见光区产生2个具有较强特征的正吸收峰,最大吸收峰位于波长486 nm,次大吸收峰位于554 nm,线性范围均为0.08～7.10 mg/L,表观摩尔吸光系数分别为3.54×10~4 L/(mol·cm)和2.79×10~4 L/(mol·cm),检出限为0.042 mg/L(486 nm)和0.048 mg/L(554 nm)。采用双波长(486 nm+554 nm)叠加测定时的检出限为0.022 mg/L,表观摩尔吸光系数为6.33×10~4 L/(mol·cm),吸光度与0.08～7.10 mg/L范围内的盐酸伊托必利遵从朗伯-比尔定律。该法用于药物中盐酸伊托必利的定量检测,结果满意。     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物的合成及表征

三茂基镧系化合物和苯并三氮唑在四氢呋喃中反应,合成了7个未见文献报道的含茂基苯并三氮唑基镧系有机配合物,经元素分析、IR和MS测定,从有关数据推测了这类配合物的可能结构。