白芍化学成分的UPLC/Q-TOF-MS分析

采用超高压液相色谱-飞行时间质谱(UPLC/Q-TOF-MS)在正离子、负离子模式下分析了白芍(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)甲醇提取物中的化学成分。液相色谱分离条件为:色谱柱:Waters ACQUITYTM UPLC BEH C18(100×2.1mm,1.7μm),乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液梯度洗脱,体积流量为0.2 mL/min,质谱条件为:Waters ACQUITY Q-TOF-MS质谱仪,电喷雾接口,正、负离子模式检测。共推测出9个化合物的化学结构,分别为没食子酰基蔗糖,芍药苷亚硫酸酯,芍药内酯苷,芍药苷,没食子酰芍药苷及其3种同分异构体和苯甲酰芍药苷。探讨总结了芍药苷类化合物可能的裂解方式。     

高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱法鉴定金匮肾气丸总苷化学成分及代谢产物

应用高效液相色谱-电喷雾离子阱质谱法(HPLC-ESI/MSn)鉴定金匮肾气丸总苷的化学成分及总苷大鼠灌胃给药血浆化学成分或代谢产物。对比体内外样品色谱图各色谱峰,根据负离子模式下的分子离子峰获得化合物分子量信息,金匮肾气丸总苷含19个化学成分:没食子酰-3-O-芹糖基(1→6)葡糖苷、羟基芍药苷、莫诺苷、马钱苷、獐芽菜苷、地黄苷A或B、1,2,3-三-O-没食子酰葡萄糖、芍药苷、山茱萸新苷Ⅱ、6'-(3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酰)芍药苷、1,2,3,6-四-O-没食子酰葡萄糖、山茱萸新苷Ⅰ、五没食子酰葡萄糖、苯甲酰羟基芍药苷、丹皮酚原苷、苯甲酰芍药苷、4'-羟基,6'-(3,4,5-三羟基苯甲酰)芍药苷和两个未知化合物成分。金匮肾气丸总苷大鼠灌胃血浆鉴定出17个化学成分,其中有8个化合物以原型存在,9个可知代谢转化成分,分别为没食子酸,2-羟基苯乙酮-4-O-葡萄糖醛酸酯,芍药苷代谢素Ⅰ,2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯乙酮-5-O-硫酸酯,2,4-二羟基苯乙酮-5-O-硫酸酯,2,4-二羟基苯乙酮和3个未知成分。     

中药红毛五加化学成分的高效液相色谱/电喷雾电离/质谱/质谱(HPLC/ESI/MS2)分析

建立了中药红毛五加化学成分的HPLC/ESI/MS2定性分析方法。液相色谱条件:Zorbax SB-C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5 μm);乙腈-水(用冰醋酸调pH为3.0)梯度洗脱,流量0.8 mL/min;柱温30 ℃;二极管阵列检测器(DAD),检测波长254 nm。质谱条件:Agilent离子阱质谱仪;电喷雾离子(ESI)源;正离子检出模式。采用该方法得到了红毛五加的紫外(UV)色谱图、总离子流色谱图(TIC)和萃取离子色谱图(EIC),以及相应色谱峰的EIC/MS2的质谱     

没食子单宁类化合物的合成研究

研究了三苄基没食子酰氯与两种葡萄糖衍生物（1,2-O-,1,2：5,6-二-O-异丙叉-α-D-呋喃葡萄糖）的酯化特性。合成了4种典型没食子单宁类化合物,基于薄层色谱与核磁谱图解析,这些化合物的结构得以确定。     

高效液相色谱-质谱-二苯基三硝基苯肼在线筛选与鉴别茶叶中抗氧化活性成分

将基于在线高效液相色谱-二苯基三硝基苯肼(HPLC-DPPH)快速筛选自由基清除剂的方法与电喷雾飞行时间质谱(ESI-TOF/MS)结合,建立了茶叶粗提物中抗氧化活性成分在线筛选与鉴别的方法.本方法是在HPLC色谱柱分离后进行分流,一路进入ESI-TOF/MS用于各化合物的快速鉴别,另一路流出液与稳定的自由基DPPH混合,实现在线筛选自由基清除剂的作用.本方法用于茶水中抗氧化成分的快速筛选与鉴别,筛选出11个具有明显DPPH自由基清除作用的化合物,通过ESI-TOF/MS在线分析获得的质谱信息,结合相关文献和数据库,实现了各化合物的快速鉴别.11个化合物分别为茶氨酸、Theogallin、没食子儿茶素、茶碱、色氨酸、表没食子儿茶素、表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯、表儿茶酚、没食子酸酯、没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯及儿茶素没食子酸酯.本方法效率高、稳定性好,是复杂天然产物中抗氧化剂快速筛选与鉴别的有力工具.     

没食子酸与葡萄糖的酯化反应研究(Ⅱ)

没食子酸单宁是没食子酸与葡萄糖酯化反应的产物 ,它广泛存在于植物体内。在以往工作[1 ,2 ] 的基础上 ,本文从没食子酸和葡萄糖出发 ,采用基团保护、选择性去保护和钯碳催化氢化的方法合成了三种没食子单宁 ( 6-Ｏ - ;3,6-二 -Ｏ - ;3,4,6-三 -Ｏ -没食子酰 -Ｄ -葡萄糖 ) ,考察葡萄糖分子上多点位置进行没食子酰化的途径。1　实验部分1 1　试剂与仪器1 ,2 -Ｏ -异丙叉 -α -Ｄ -呋喃葡萄糖( 1 ) [3 ,4] 和三苄基没食子酰氯[5] (自制 ) ,ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＬＨ - 2 0 (瑞典ＰｈａｒｍａｃｉａＢｉｏｔｅｃｈ公司 ) ,钯碳 (上海化学试剂厂 )…     

超声萃取-高效液相色谱法测定烟草中β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇苷

建立了一种用超声波辅助萃取-高效液相法测定烟草中β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇苷含量的新方法。以甲醇为萃取溶剂,超声萃取条件经过正交实验优化,优化后的条件为料液比1:40(m/V,g/mL)、萃取功率160W,萃取时间20 min。所得萃取液经大孔吸附树脂柱层析法分离后,用Waters SunFireC18(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)色谱柱分离,紫外检测器(波长为243nm)检测,流动相为V(乙腈):V(水)=20:80;流速1 mL/min。β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇苷在0.01～1 mg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.9994,相对标准偏差为1.8%,检出限为0.05μg/mL,平均回收率为87.80%。该方法适用于β-D-吡喃葡萄糖-3-氧代-α-紫罗兰醇苷的定量分析。     

固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定中药制剂及保健食品中芍药苷

应用固相萃取-高效液相色谱法测定中药制剂及保健食品中芍药苷的含量。样品经30%(体积分数)乙醇溶液提取,酸性氧化铝固相萃取柱净化。以C18色谱柱为分离柱,用乙腈和0.1%(体积分数)磷酸溶液以不同比例混合的溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱,在检测波长230nm处进行测定。芍药苷的质量浓度在2.00~200mg·L-1范围内与其峰面积呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3S/N)为0.5mg·L-1。加标回收率在99.5%~101%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)在均小于2%。     

麻黄-甘草药对配伍前后主要药效成分及抗炎活性的变化

利用高效液相色谱串联质谱联用法(HPLC-MS/MS)和气相色谱质谱联用法(GC-MS)分析了麻黄与甘草药对配伍前后水煎液中主要药效成分的变化,并通过小鼠的耳廓肿胀试验考察了甘草、麻黄单煎液及药对共煎液的抗炎活性变化.分别通过HPLC法和GC-MS法对甘草与麻黄中主要化学成分,甘草酸、甘草苷、麻黄碱和甲基麻黄碱进行了定量分析,通过单煎液和药对共煎液的对比,发现麻黄与甘草配伍共煎液中麻黄碱(含伪麻黄碱)的含量增加了14.52%;甲基麻黄碱(含甲基伪麻黄碱)的含量增加了64.0%;甘草酸含量增加了13.50%;而甘草苷含量降低了19.38%.药效实验证明,甘草与麻黄配伍后抗炎作用较甘草麻黄单煎液明显增强.从而在主要成分的变化程度上揭示了甘草与麻黄配伍过程中的增效机理.     

高效液相色谱法同时测定参茸补酒中芍药苷、阿魏酸的含量

建立一种高效液相色谱双波长法同时测定参茸补酒中芍药苷、阿魏酸的含量。该方法采用Symmetry C18色谱柱(150×3.9mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈 水 冰乙酸(12∶88∶1,V/V),检测波长分别为323nm(通道1)、230nm(通道2)。结果显示:芍药苷、阿魏酸分别在21.4～214.0和1.65～16.50μg·mL-1范围内本法有良好的线性关系;平均回收率分别为98.1%(RSD=1.28%)和97.5%(RSD=1.73%)。本法操作简便,快速,重现性好,结果准确,可作为参茸补酒的质量控制方法。     

Structural analysis of monoterpene glycosides extracted from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. using electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry

Paeoniflorin standard was first investigated by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-FTICR-MS/MS) using a sustained off-resonance irradiation (SORI) collision-induced dissociation (CID) method at high mass resolution. The experimental results demonstrated that the unambiguous elemental composition of product ions can be obtained at high mass resolution. Comparing MS/MS spectra and the experimental methods of hydrogen and deuterium exchange, the logical fragmentation pathways of paeoniflorin have been proposed. Then, the extracts of the traditional Chinese medicine Paeonia lactiflora Pall. were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS/MS). By comparison with the ESI-FTICR-MS/MS data of paeoniflorin, the isomers paeoniflorin and albiflorin in Paeonia lactiflora Pall. have been identified using HPLC/MS with CID in an ion trap and in-source CID. Furthermore, using the characteristic fragmentation pathways, the retention times (t(R)) in HPLC and MS/MS spectra, the structures of three other kinds of monoterpene glycoside compounds have been identified on-line without time-consuming isolation. Thus an HPLC/ESI-MS method for the analysis of constituents in Paeonia lactiflora Pall. has been established.     

白芍中芍药甙及元素含量的测定

用薄层扫描法和等离子体发射光谱法分别测定了不同产地白芍中芍药甙及元素的含量。     

红外指纹图谱和聚类分析法在赤芍产域分类鉴别中的应用

以赤芍的红外指纹图谱为依据，采用主成分分析法对来自18个产地的赤芍进行了聚类分析。可将18个产地大致分为6类，这一分类与地理位置有较明显的对应关系，同一区域内赤芍的性能较为相似，可作为传统中医界对赤芍药材质量评价的依据。用径向基函数人工神经网络法预测了45个赤芍样本的产区，结果表明，径向基函数人工神经网络法具有较强的预测能力，用它可鉴别赤芍的产区。可为药材的质量控制提供一个快捷、准确、可行的鉴别方法。     

Purification of paeoniflorin from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. by high-speed counter-current chromatography

High-speed counter-current chromatography was successfully used for the first time for the preparative separation and purification of paeoniflorin from the Chinese medicinal plant Paeonia lactiflora Pall. using a two-phase solvent system composed of n-butanol-ethyl acetate-water (1:4:5, v/v) in a single run. From 160 mg of the crude sample containing 22.0% paeoniflorin, 33.2 mg of paeoniflorin was yielded at 98.2% purity as determined by HPLC analysis. The recovery of paeoniflorin was 94.3%.     

Monoterpene Glycosides from the Roots of Paeonia lactiflora

The roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall. is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicines, which has been used for the treatment of dizziness, spasm, menstrual disorder, spontaneous and night sweating, and as a general analgesic1. Chemical constitu…     

Identification of the tannins in traditional Chinese medicine Paeoniae Radix Alba by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS

Paeoniae Radix Alba (PRA, dried root of Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) is a widely used as traditional Chinese medicine and tannins are one of their main bioactive ingredients. However, there are rarely systematically investigated in this study. This study aimed to establish a rapid, high selective, high sensitive and effective method based on UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS for simultaneous identification the tannins in PRA. Separation was performed on Thermo Scientific Hypersil GOLD™ aQ (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.9 μm) using gradient elution consist of 0.1% formic acid acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid water as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The mass spectrometer was operated with Q-Exactive Orbitrap spectrometer in negative ion mode. Finally, a total of 106 constituents were identified in PRA by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS, 75 of those were reported from PRA for the first time. This result laid the foundation for in-depth research on the material basis efficacy and provided scientific basis for the selection of quality marker of PRA.     

Matrix solid-phase dispersion microextraction and determination of pesticide residues in medicinal herbs by gas chromatography with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector

A gas chromatography method for the determination of residues of 6 pesticides in Isatis indigotica Fort and Paeonia lactiflora Pall is described. Optimizations of different parameters were performed. The method used 0.5 g herb sample, silica gel as the matrix solid-phase dispersion sorbent, and acetone as the eluting solvent. Recoveries at spiked concentrations between 0.1 and 5 mg/kg were between 80.63 and 110.12%, with relative standard deviations ranging from 0.43 to 17.67%. The limits of quantitation were 0.01 mg/kg for metalaxyl, triadimefon, and paclobutrazol and 0.05 mg/kg for vinclozolin, tebuconazole, and fenarimol. The method may be useful as a screening protocol for the determination of these pesticides in medicinal herb samples.     

An efficient high-speed counter-current chromatography method for the preparative separation of potential antioxidants from Paeonia lactiflora Pall. combination of in vitro evaluation and molecular docking

Paeonia lactiflora Pall., one of the most famous classical herbal medicine, has been used to treat diseases for over 1200 years. In this research, the functional ingredients were purified by online-switch two-dimensional high-speed counter-current chromatography combined with inner-recycling and continuous injection mode. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by investigating the 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride-induced oxidant damage in vitro and confirmed through molecular docking. n-Butanol/ethyl acetate/water (2:3:5, v/v) solvent system was used for the first-dimensional separation and optimized the sample loading. Two pure compounds and a polyphenol-enriched fraction were separated. The polyphenol-enriched fraction was separated with a solvent system n-hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (2:8:4:6, v/v) with continuous injection mode. Five compounds were successfully separated, including gallic acid ( 1 ), methyl gallate ( 2 ), albiflorin ( 3 ), paeoniflorin ( 4 ), and ethyl gallate ( 5 ). Their structures were identified by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The results from the antioxidant effect showed that albiflorin had stronger antioxidant activity. Molecular docking results indicated that the affinity energy of the identified compounds ranged from -3.79 to -8.22 kcal/mol and albiflorin showed the lowest affinity energy. Overall, all those findings suggested that the strong antioxidant capacity of albiflorin can be potentially used for the treatment of diseases caused by oxidation.     

An HPLC/MS method for identifying major constituents in the hypocholesterolemic extracts of Chinese medicine formula 'Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu decoction'

In this paper, HPLC-ESI-MS technique was used to analyze the hypocholesterolemic extracts of 'Xue-Fu-Zhu-Yu decoction', a traditional Chinese medicine consisting of six crude drugs (i.e. Paeonia lactiflora, Ligusticum chuanxiong, Citrus aurantium, Carthamus tinctorius, Prunus persica and Bupleurum falcatum). A total of 17 compounds were identified and their plant derivations were also distinguished. Nine compounds among them were unambiguously determined as oxypaeoniflorin, amygdalin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin, ferulic acid, naringin, hesperidin, senkyunolide I and neohesperidin by comparing the retention times (tR), UV spectra and m/z values with those of the reference compounds. The other eight compounds were tentatively identified as prunasin, 6-hydroxy-kaempferol 3,6-diglucoside, 6-hydroxykaempferol 3-rutinoside-6-glucoside, galloylpaeoniflorin, 6-hydroxy-kaempferol 3-glucoside, anhydrosafflor yellow B, narirutin and kaempferol 3-rutinoside by MS2 spectra and the comparison of their UV spectra and MS spectra with literature data.     

Screening,separation, and evaluation of xanthine oxidase inhibitors from Paeonia lactiflora using chromatography combined with a multi‐mode microplate reader

Natural products have become one of the most important resources for discovering novel xanthine oxidase inhibitors, which are commonly employed in the treatment of hyperuricemia and gout. However, to date, few reports exist regarding the use of monoterpene glycosides as xanthine oxidase inhibitors. Thus, we herein report the use of ultrafiltration coupled with liquid chromatography in the screening of monoterpene glycoside xanthine oxidase inhibitors from the extract of Paeonia lactiflora (P. lactiflora ), and both high‐performance counter‐current chromatography and medium‐pressure liquid chromatography were employed to separate the main constituents. Furthermore, the xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities and the mechanisms of inhibition of the isolated compounds were evaluated using a multi‐mode microplate reader by Molecular Devices. As a result, three monoterpene glycosides were separated by combined high‐performance counter‐current chromatography and medium‐pressure liquid chromatography in purities of 90.4, 98.0, and 86.3%, as determined by liquid chromatography. These three compounds were identified as albiflorin, paeoniflorin, and 1‐O‐β‐ᴅ‐glucopyranosyl‐8‐O‐benzoylpaeonisuffrone by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry, and albiflorin and paeoniflorin were screened as potential xanthine oxidase inhibitors by ultrafiltration with liquid chromatography. The evaluation results of xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity corresponded with the screening results, as only albiflorin and paeoniflorin exhibited xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity.