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负载型中孔分子筛上苯与长链烯烃烷基化反应 总被引:12,自引:1,他引:11
在合成纯硅及含铝MCM-41中孔分子筛基础上,制备负载PW12、SiW12及PMo12杂多酸的催化剂。用XRD、N2吸附和苯与1-十二烯烷基化反应对几种催化剂进行表征。结果表明,与HY、HM和Hβ分子筛相比,HAlMCM-41和HSiMCM-41中孔分子筛具有较好的线性烷基苯选择性,其苯基十二烷异构体分布优于HY而不及HM和Hβ分子筛;负载型中孔分子筛催化剂具有杂多酸分散性好、比表面积大和孔径分布集中的性质,与载体相比其催化活性明显提高;关于催化活性,负载型催化剂载体或负载杂多酸种类比较结果为HAlMCM-41>HSiMCM-41、PW12>SiW12>PMo12,其中SiW12HAlMCM-41催化剂的苯基十二烷选择性和异构体分布为最佳。 相似文献
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固体酸催化烯烃改性生物油酚类化合物研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
选取生物油中含量较高的愈创木酚、儿茶酚和苯酚为酚类模型化合物,以蒙脱土K-10负载的Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40为固体超强酸催化剂,苯酚/1-辛烯烷基化反应为探针,考察了催化剂负载量,反应温度及物料摩尔比等因素对酚类烷基化反应的影响.结果表明,在60~100℃范围内,30%Cs2.5H0.5PW12O40/K-10对苯酚烷基化反应具有很好的催化活性和选择性,原料摩尔比为1时苯酚氧烷基化产物的选择性最好.愈创木酚中甲氧基的位阻效应使其转化率在相同条件下比苯酚低很多,相应氧烷基化产物的选择性也很低.儿茶酚与1-辛烯反应主要生成单羟基氧烷基化产物,100℃时选择性仍高达96%.升高温度有利于烷基化改性反应的进行,但产物中氧烷基化产物的选择性随着温度升高而降低. 相似文献
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高分子负载的庚烯—1歧化催化剂研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将烯烃均相岐化催化剂WCl6-Bu4Sn中的WCl6成分用浸渍法负载于各种高分子载体上,用于庚烯-1的催化歧化反应,聚苯乙烯负载体系使庚烯-1歧化反应产率提高了近三倍,歧化反应选择性提高了近一倍,对实验结果表明:聚苯乙烯分子中的苯环侧基对钨成分弱的络合作用可能是催化剂活性提高的内在原因。 相似文献
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应用强酸性阳离子交换树脂作为苯酚与2,4,4-三甲基-1-戊烯及2,4,4-三甲基-2-戊烯的混合物(二异丁烯)进行烷基化反应的催化剂,通过间歇化反应,比较了三种树脂的催化活性。考察了反应时间、温度、二异丁烯与苯酚摩尔比及催化剂用量对转化率及目的产物选择性的影响。优化的反应条件为:温度85℃,时间6h,催化剂用量7%,二异丁烯与苯酚摩尔比0.8:1。在此条件下,二异丁烯转化率高于95%,选择性可达 相似文献
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大孔沸石催化剂上苯与丙烯液相烷基化反应行为的研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
围绕具有工业实用价值的苯与丙烯液相烷基化制取异丙苯这一课题,对比考察了不同硅铝组成的HY型和Hβ型沸石的催化性能,利用烧炭试验、结炭前驱物萃取方法及色-质谱表征手段探索了沸石催化剂在烷基化反应中的结炭行为。烷基化试验结果表明,β沸石对异丙苯的选择性和催化剂稳定性都明显优于Y型,其异丙苯选择性可达96mol%以上。同时,提高原料苯烯比、降低反应温度或保持适当高的进料空速能够提高异丙苯的选择性。结炭催化剂的烧炭结果显示,在烷基化反应中Hβ比HY具有较强的抗结炭能力。结炭催化剂的溶剂萃取结果表明,反应中的液相苯能够有效地使催化剂孔道中的结炭前驱物种脱离催化剂表面,从而抑制结炭,提高催化剂的稳定性 相似文献
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苯—长链烯烃烷基化催化剂的稳定性和再生性能 总被引:11,自引:3,他引:8
对中孔分子筛负载杂多酸催化剂在苯与十二烯烷基化反应中的失活行为及再生方法进行了研究。研究发现:负载型催化剂的活性、稳定性和产物分布均优于HY分子筛催化剂,在烷基化反应过程中,由烯烃聚合物衍生的焦质沉积在催化剂表面上,导致催化剂失活,并且反应温度越高,催化剂粒径越大,催化剂活性稳定性越差;随着催化剂生焦量增加,烯烃转化率递减,线性烷基苯选择性仅在970~998%之间变化,苯基十二烷中2-位异构体的含量提高,6-位异构体的含量降低。对失活催化剂进行烧焦再生或在反应温度以上用苯抽提再生,其活性得到部分恢复。 相似文献
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固体酸催化烷基化反应中微量氟化氢反应助剂的作用 Ⅰ.助剂对反应的促进效应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
研究了负载型杂多酸催化剂20%H3PW12O40/SiO2催化的异丁烷与丁烯的烷基化反应. 发现当在反应物料中加入0.0192%(质量分数)含强电负性元素F的反应助剂HF后,在超临界烷基化反应条件下(137 ℃和5.0 MPa),反应产物烷基化汽油中C8烷烃的含量和目的产物三甲基戊烷的收率均大幅度提高,三甲基戊烷与二甲基己烷的摩尔比值提高了一倍以上. 这是一个重要和有趣的实验现象,它说明微量HF反应助剂可大幅度提高固体酸催化剂对烷基化反应的选择性. 我们把微量反应助剂在固体酸催化烷基化反应中的这种特殊作用称为对烷基化反应的促进效应,这种促进效应已经在我们实验室中被反复证实. 相似文献
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The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted
indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator
model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was
established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing
analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom.
Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997. 相似文献
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Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared. 相似文献
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Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position. 相似文献
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Stepkowska E. T. Perez-Rodriguez J. L. Jimenez de Haro M. C. Sayagues M. J. 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》2002,69(1):187-204
Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, Mo, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations
were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples
were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of
hematite Fe2O3. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the
best fitting experimental data.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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Cyclopropyl derivative of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol is synthesized as a probe to investigate the mechanism of base-catalyzed autooxidation of phenol derivatives. Our study indicates that one electron reduction of molecular oxygen from phenolate gives phenoxyl radical 3, a key intermediate of autooxidation. The coupling of phenoxyl radical and superoxide radical gives peroxylate anion 4 and produces the final epoxy alcohol adduct 6. 相似文献
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