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微球是一种新型药物载体,具有很大的开发与应用潜力.天然高分子具有良好的生物相容性、可降解性,易在生物体内分散,可制备成微球.无机材料(主要为无机矿物)力学性能优良,且价廉易得.通过天然高分子与无机材料两者耦合杂化作用,可优势互补、协同增效,进而产生许多优异的理化性能.使用无机材料改性天然高分子,通过乳化交联法、溶液混合法、原位合成法、挤出法等多种方法可制备得到无机材料/天然高分子复合微球.将无机材料/天然高分子复合微球应用于药物传递系统中,缓释效果明显,安全无毒害,且载体材料价格相对低廉,对于开发新型药物载体具有一定的意义.本文综述了近年无机材料/天然高分子复合微球的制备、载药与释药性能的相关研究,分析了常用制备方法的利弊,展望了复合微球的发展方向. 相似文献
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Pickering乳滴模板法制备有机/无机杂化的核壳微球越来越引起人们的关注,主要因为该方法制备出的微球具有以无机粒子为壳层的超粒子结构(supracolloidal structure),能够赋予微球独特的功能.胶体粒子在乳滴表面自组装形成有序的球面胶体壳,得到稳定Pickering乳液,固定乳滴表面的胶体粒子来制备核壳结构的微球或者以胶体粒子为壳层的微胶囊(colloidosome).本文综述了我们课题组以Pickering乳滴模板法制备超粒子结构有机/无机杂化微胶囊包括实心微球方面的工作.我们选择具有不同性能、种类的胶体粒子以及具有不同性质和功能的核材料,采用Pickering乳滴模板法,对吸附在乳滴表面的胶体粒子用不同的固定方法制备具有不同结构和性能的微球和微胶囊,利用基于多重Pickering乳液的聚合技术制备双纳米复合的超粒子结构多核聚合物微球. 相似文献
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复合Fe2O3纳米粒子的高分子微球的结构表征 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
近年来,复合有机、无机粒子的高分子微球及其特殊性质越来越引起人们的兴趣与关注[1].获得有机、无机复合微球的方法很多,如在无机粒子存在下的乳液或无皂乳液聚会[2,3],通过可聚合的表面活性剂在粒子表面形成胶囊化层[4]以及共沉淀法等[5].这些无机粒子包括氧化钛、氧化铁、氧化铝及氧化硅等.Haga等[6]增发现包覆在聚合物粒子中的CdS与其本体的光电性质不同;单分散的聚合物微球可以在基片上被组装成二维乃至三维有序的结构[7].这为信息存储、立体印刷等领域提供了新途径.因此,将无机粒子与聚合物复合成为功能化粒子是一项有… 相似文献
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高分子微凝胶是一类具有三维网络结构的分子内交联的高分子球形微粒,其物理、化学性质与其构象变化有着密切的关系,对于外界环境条件如温度、pH、离子强度、电场或磁场等的改变,微凝胶即表现出相应的体积相转变特性.近年来,基于高分子微凝胶对外界的刺激相应性与无机纳米粒子的特殊性能制备得到了各种有机-无机复合材料.本文根据微凝胶在无机微、纳米材料制备过程中所起的作用,将基于高分子微凝胶制备无机-有机复合微、纳米材料的方法分为原位合成法、物理诱捕法和聚合法,并分别从各类方法的特点和应用等方面进行详尽地分析和阐述. 相似文献
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陈朝霞张玉红殷俊何培新 《高分子通报》2013,(11):39-48
有机-无机纳米复合微球是指两种或两种以上的粒子经表面包覆或复合处理后形成的纳米尺度颗粒。近年来,有机-无机纳米复合微球在各领域具有广泛应用前景而备受关注。本文归纳了目前比较成熟的合成技术和先进工艺,将制备有机-无机纳米复合微球的方法分为溶胶-凝胶法、原位聚合法及其他实验方法,详细介绍了原位聚合法,分别从各类方法的特点和应用等方面进行详尽地分析和阐述,并对有机-无机纳米复合微球的实际应用做了比较系统的总结。最后,展望了有机-无机纳米复合微球的发展和前景。 相似文献
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超细金属铁颗粒的高分子修饰及其悬浮液的磁流变性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
报道以γ射线辐照方法合成出具有良好分散性的高分子复合金属铁粒子.分别选择十二烷基硫酸钠、溴化十六烷基三甲基铵、Tween-80、TritonX-200和OP-10等表面活性剂和有机单体、无机铁颗粒一起制备乳状液,通过对这种含有超细金属铁颗粒乳状液稳定性的比较,以寻求合适的乳化剂.并对以TritonX-200为乳化剂时合成出的高聚物复合铁颗粒进行了XRD、TEM和IP表征.还将实验中所获得的高聚物复合铁粒子与粒径相同的未经修饰的纯铁粒子分别制成了悬浮液,对两者的悬浮性能进行了比较,同时,也将高聚物复合铁粒子制成的悬浮液与Fe3O4-PMMA复合粒子悬浮液两者的屈服应力随磁场变化情况进行比较研究. 相似文献
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Cellulose, as a natural polymer with an abundant source, has been widely used in many fields including the electric field responsive medium that we are interested in. In this work, cellulose micron particles were applied as an electrorheological (ER) material. Because of the low ER effect of the raw cellulose, a composite particle of cellulose and Laponite was prepared via a dissolution–regeneration process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to observe the morphologies and structures of the composite particles, which were different from pristine cellulose and Laponite, respectively. The ER performances of raw cellulose and the prepared composite were measured by an Anton Paar rotational rheometer. It was found that the ER properties of the composite were more superior to those of raw cellulose due to the flake-like shapes of the composite particles with rough surface. Moreover, the sedimentation stability of composite improves drastically, which means better suspension stability. 相似文献
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Shun-jin Peng Li-yun Song Yu-hua Wang Lingling Ji Mai-rong Xu Ren-gang Zhang 《Colloid and polymer science》2011,289(2):149-157
The perfluoroacrylate-containing copolymer composite particles were fabricated by suspension?Cemulsion combined polymerization (SECP). The features and formation mechanism of resulting polymer particles in SECP were studied. The fluorinated latexes with better stability and those fluorinated films with high surface fluorine content were prepared by SECP using fluorine-free surfactants as an emulsifying agent, and the surface natures of the fluorinated films were characterized. It was found that P(MMA?CBA) latex particles gradually coagulated with P(PFA?CBA) particles after adding emulsion polymerization constituents at the midstage of the suspension polymerization, and fluorinated composite particles with core?Cshell structure and larger size were obtained. The fluorine contents either on the film surface or in the bulk of the film and the films from SECP are higher than those from miniemulsion polymerization at high PFA feed ratio (more than 20?wt.%). The model of PFA?CMMA?CBA SECP was proposed according to the variations of particle features of the composite particles. 相似文献
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Morphological change of thermosensitive imidazolium‐based poly(ionic liquid)/poly(phenylethylmethacrylate) composite particles 下载免费PDF全文
Composite particles comprising poly(2‐phenylethyl methacrylate) (PPhEMA) and imidazolium‐based poly(ionic liquid)s were prepared by suspension polymerization of 1‐vinyl‐3‐ethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide as an ionic liquid monomer with dissolved PPhEMA. Not only PPhEMA exhibits lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior in 1‐vinyl‐3‐ethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide but also the polymer blend in the bulk state exhibited LCST behavior. However, the composite polymer particles obtained after polymerization at 70°C maintained a homogeneous inner structure after heat treatment as the polymerization temperature was greater than the LCST in this system due to the formation of a cross‐linked structure during polymerization. When the composite particles were prepared by suspension polymerization at 30°C, their inner morphology changed from homogeneous to phase separated during the subsequent heat treatment. Moreover, the morphology transformation of the composite particles was dependent on the PPhEMA molecular weight. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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聚氯乙烯/纳米水滑石复合材料的形态与力学性能 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
对由原位悬浮聚合制备的聚氯乙烯(PVC)纳米水滑石复合树脂加工得到的纳米复合材料的形态和力学性能进行了研究,并与直接熔融加工得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料进行比较.发现由前一方法得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料中纳米水滑石的分散性明显优于由后一方法得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料,水滑石以初级粒子形式存在,分散良好,无明显团聚体;与之对应,由前一方法得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料的力学性能也明显优于由后一方法得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料,当纳米水滑石含量小于5wt%时,复合材料的杨氏摸量、拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度均随水滑石含量增加而增大;纳米水滑石的引入可显著提高复合树脂的热稳定性;PVC纳米水滑石复合材料的储能和损耗模量略大于纯PVC材料,而损耗因子和玻璃化温度变化不大. 相似文献
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悬浮-乳液复合聚合聚苯乙烯-聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯复合粒子的颗粒特性和成粒机理 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用在苯乙烯 (St)悬浮聚合过程中滴加甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (MMA)乳液聚合组分的悬浮 乳液复合聚合方法 ,制备大粒径聚苯乙烯 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯 (PS PMMA)复合粒子 .研究聚合物粒径分布和颗粒形态的变化发现 ,在St悬浮反应中期滴加MMA乳液聚合组分后 ,聚合体系逐渐由悬浮粒子与乳胶粒子并存向形成单峰分布复合粒子转变 ,最终形成核 壳结构完整的大粒径PS PMMA复合粒子 ;在St悬浮反应初期滴加MMA乳液聚合组分 ,St与MMA一起分散成更小液滴 ,反应后期凝并成非核 壳结构复合粒子 ;在St悬浮反应后期滴加MMA乳液聚合组分 ,PMMA乳胶粒子与PS悬浮粒子基本独立存在 .根据以上结果 ,提出了St MMA悬浮 乳液复合聚合的成粒机理 . 相似文献
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CUI Yali HUI Wenli WANG Huirong WANG Lijun & CHEN Chao Biochip Research Development Center Northwest University 《中国科学B辑(英文版)》2004,47(2)
Colloid gold with different sizes has been widely used in immunoassay and nucleic acid detection mainly because of their properties for immobilization of biomolecules, such as antibodies and oligonucleo-tides, through chemical reactions via active group SH on the biomolecules. Magnetic particles modified with various chemical groups on their surface can not only exhibit good magnetic responsiveness to an external magnetic field but also immobilize biomolecules through these chemical groups. As… 相似文献
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采用苯乙烯(St)悬浮聚合过程中滴加甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)乳液聚合组分,悬浮乳液复合聚合(SECP)方法,制备大粒径聚苯乙烯聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PS- PMMA)复合粒子.采用FTIR、1H- NMR、13C- NMR分析方法,研究SECP各个时期复合粒子中MMA- St链节摩尔比,发现悬浮粒子中MMA St链节摩尔比逐渐增大,而PMMA乳胶粒子中逐渐减少,表明悬浮相和乳液相间存在物质传递过程.悬浮粒子中MMA链节质量与MMA总投料质量比主要由乳胶粒子生成速率和乳胶粒子向悬浮粒子凝聚速率决定.最终得到的复合粒子除含PS和PMMA均聚物外,还含少量MMA-St共聚物. 相似文献