聚氯乙烯/纳米水滑石复合材料的形态与力学性能

对由原位悬浮聚合制备的聚氯乙烯(PVC)纳米水滑石复合树脂加工得到的纳米复合材料的形态和力学性能进行了研究,并与直接熔融加工得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料进行比较.发现由前一方法得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料中纳米水滑石的分散性明显优于由后一方法得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料,水滑石以初级粒子形式存在,分散良好,无明显团聚体;与之对应,由前一方法得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料的力学性能也明显优于由后一方法得到的PVC纳米水滑石复合材料,当纳米水滑石含量小于5wt%时,复合材料的杨氏摸量、拉伸强度和缺口冲击强度均随水滑石含量增加而增大;纳米水滑石的引入可显著提高复合树脂的热稳定性;PVC纳米水滑石复合材料的储能和损耗模量略大于纯PVC材料,而损耗因子和玻璃化温度变化不大.

MORPHOLOGY AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLY ( VINYL CHLORIDE)/NANO- HYDROTALCITE COMPOSITES

Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/nano-hydrotalcite composites were obtained by processing PVC/nano-hydrotalcite composite resins prepared by suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of hydrotalcite.The morphology and mechanical properties of PVC/nano-hydrotalcite composites were investigated and compared with those of PVC/nano-hydrotalcite composites prepared by direct melt mixing of PVC and nano-hydrotalcite.It was shown that hydrotalcite particles were dispersed much more homogeneous in PVC composites prepared by the first method.In these composites hydrotalcite particles existed mainly as primary particles of nanoscales with no obvious aggregation.As a result,PVC composites prepared by the first method had better mechanical properties than those prepared by the second method.The tensile strength,Young's modulus and Charpy impact strength of PVC composite increased with increasing the content of nano-hydrotalcite in a range of less than 5 wt%.The thermal stability of PVC composite resin increased as the weight fraction of nano-hydrotalcite increased.The storage modulus and the loss modulus of PVC/nano-hydrotalcite composites were all slightly higher than those of the pristine PVC in the temperature region below and around the glass transition.tanδ and glass transition temperature of PVC/nano-hydrotalcite composites were almost as same as those of the pristine PVC.