气浮溶剂浮选光度法测定食品中痕量SO32-的研究

提出了碘溴化十六烷基三甲胺缔合体系溶剂浮选褪色光度法测定SO2-3 的新方法,方法的摩尔吸光系数ε365=3.0×105L·mol-1·cm-1,最大吸收波长为365 nm,测定5.0μg/50 mLSO2-3 6次,RSD为1.8%,线性范围为0~30μg/50 mL,方法应用于食品中SO2-3 的测定。     

倍增反应紫外吸光光度法测定食盐中微量碘

在硫酸介质中 ,IO-3 氧化I-产生 3倍摩尔量I-3 ,而I-3 在紫外光区的 2 88nm具有最大吸收 ,ε2 88=1.3×10 5L·mol-1·cm-1,具有很高的灵敏度 .碘的浓度在 0～ 6 0 μg/ 10 0mL范围内符合比耳定律 ,方法简便快速、选择性好、灵敏度高 ,用于测定加碘食盐中碘的含量 ,结果满意     

盐效应对丙酮碘化反应动力学参数的影响

丙酮碘化反应是一个复杂反应,其初级碘化反应阶段,在一定酸度的条件下催化进行,是一个与碘浓度无关的二级反应[1]。本文采用分光光度法测定了丙酮碘化反应在不同的离子强度下的反应速率常数。结果表明,离子强度在小于2·1mol·dm-3的范围内,呈正盐效应。1实验部分1·1仪器和试剂UV-7502PC紫外-可见分光光度计,超级恒温槽(±0·1°C);容量瓶(50mL);移液管(5mL,10mL)。1·9980mol/dm-3丙酮溶液;0·9975mol/dm-3HC l溶液;0·009982mol/dm-3碘溶液;KC l,分析纯。1·2实验原理和方法丙酮初级碘化反应式为[2]CH3 CO CH3+I2H+CH2I OC CH…     

负催化动力学光度法测定微量碘的研究

本文报道碘 ( I- )对重铬酸钾氧化罗丹明 B( RHB)褪色反应的负催化作用及其动力学分析 ,建立了测定微量碘的新方法 ,检出限 2× 1 0 - 8g/m L,线性范围 0～ 1 6μg/m L,表观摩尔吸光系数 6.7× 1 0 4 L·mol- 1· cm。方法用于海带、食盐等食品中微量碘的测定 ,结果满意     

酸性络蓝K褪色光度法测定食盐中微量碘

在硫酸介质中 ,碘酸根对酸性络蓝 K具有褪色作用 ,且褪色的程度与碘酸根存在量有关 ,从而建立了光度法测定碘的新方法。方法最大吸收波长为 52 4 nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为 2 .1 9×1 0 4 L·mol-1·cm-1,碘的浓度在 0～ 60 μg/2 5ml范围内符合比耳定律。方法简单、快速、准确、选择性好、灵敏度高 ,用于测定碘食盐中的碘含量 ,结果满意     

新试剂对甲基偶氮羧与钡显色反应的研究及其应用

合成了对甲基偶氮羧新显色剂 ,经研究发现 ,在柠檬酸介质中 ,对甲基偶氮羧与钡发生高灵敏的显色反应 ,生成蓝色配合物 ,它的最大吸收峰位于 72 0nm。Ba(Ⅱ )在 0 μg/2 5mL～ 1 0 μg/2 5mL符合比耳定律 ,配合物的表观摩尔吸光系数达 2 1 8× 1 0 5L·mol- 1 ·cm- 1 ,检测限为 1 5ng·mL- 1 。该试剂已用于钛酸钡烧结物中游离钡的测定     

二溴羧基偶氮胂催化光度法测定痕量钴

研究了在硼砂 -氢氧化钠缓冲介质中 ,痕量钴 (Ⅱ )与三乙醇胺协同催化H2 O2 氧化二溴羧基偶氮胂褪色的最佳条件。λmax=5 70nm ,表观摩尔吸光系数为 3 7× 1 0 4 L·mol- 1·cm- 1,线性范围 1 5～ 4 0 μg/2 5mL。方法已用于茶叶中痕量钴的测定。     

新试剂2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯甲酸分光光度法测定微量钴

本文报道用新试剂2-(5-硝基-2-吡啶偶氮)-5-二甲氨基苯甲酸分光光度法测定微量钴。配合物的表观摩尔吸光系数为1.31×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),Co∶5-NO_2-PAMB=1∶2,Co浓度在0～14μg/25mL范围内服从比耳定律。用于金属有机化合物中微量钴的测定,结果与理论值相符。     

钙羧酸钠褪色光度法测定微量碘的研究

提出了以钙羧酸钠褪色光度法测定微量碘的新方法。在盐酸介质中 ,表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵 (CTMAB)存在下 ,碘酸根离子定量氧化钙羧酸钠褪色。最大吸收波长λmax=5 95nm ,表观摩尔吸光系数ε =3.1× 10 4 L·mol-1·cm-1。碘浓度在 0～ 5 0 μg 2 5ml范围内服从比耳定律。方法用于加碘食盐中碘的测定 ,结果满意     

偶氮胂Ⅲ分光光度法测定人血清中蛋白质

偶氮胂Ⅲ是测定无机离子的灵敏显色剂 ,研究发现该试剂能在pH 2 1的缓冲介质中 ,与牛血清白蛋白形成复合物 ,最大吸收波长 60 2nm ,比试剂本身红移 5 9nm ,表观摩尔吸光系数 5 6× 1 0 5L·mol- 1·cm- 1,线性范围 0～ 45 0 μg/mL。方法用于人血清样品中蛋白质的测定 ,结果可靠     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Acid hydrolysis of carboxymethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Cotton cellulose was swollen in a sodium hydroxide solution and carboxymethylated by a two-bath method for different periods of time for each process. The kinetics of acid hydrolysis and the crystallinity of the swollen and carboxymethylated samples were measured. The proportion of broken bonds, rate constants for hydrolysis, and permeability of cellulose to hydrolyzing agents were calculated. The susceptibility of glycosidic linkages to acid hydrolysis was improved by carboxymethylation more than by swelling in alkali. The increased accessibility of carboxymethylcellulose to acid was regarded as a consequence of increased intra-and intercrystalline swelling and of the glycosidic bonds' weakness caused by the electron-attracting carboxymethyl group on the C-6 position.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Estimation of Kinetic Parameters of Thermal Oxidation of Ilmenite

The aim of the presented work was the investigation of thermal oxidation of ilmenite in static air atmosphere. The investigations were carried out by use of a derivatograph (MOM, Hungary). The changes of crystallographic structure of investigated samples were identified by X-ray diffractometry on Philips PW-1710 diffractometer. In temperature above 500°C appears structure of hematite Fe₂O₃. On the basis of the thermogravimetric measurements, the contracting area and contracting volume models were found as the best fitting experimental data. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.