乙酰基丙酮络合物催化合成聚乳酸

以钕、钇、锌、铁、钴、镍六种乙酰基丙酮盐Ｍ（ＡｃＡｃ）ｎ成功地催化丙交酯开环聚合成聚乳酸。详细研究了上述乙酰基丙酮盐催化剂品种及其与单体摩尔比［Ｍ（ＡｃＡｃ）ｎ］／［ＬＡ］、温度和时间对聚合反应的影响。结果表明，使用这些催化剂都能得到高于９０％的高聚合转化率；而稀土催化剂在聚合转化率和聚乳酸分子量方面，均显示更好的催化性能；过高的聚合温度和过长的聚合时间会导致聚乳酸的分子量下降。Ｘ－衍射研究表明，以Ｎｄ（ＡｃＡｃ）３催化合成的聚乳酸为非晶聚合物。     

Y（AcAc）3／n—BuMgCl络合催化ε—己内酯本体聚合

应用稀土乙酰基丙酮盐［Ｙ（ＡｃＡｃ）３］与格氏试剂（ｎ－ＢｕＭｇＣｌ）络合催化ε－己内酯聚合。研究了单体与催化剂摩尔化、助催化剂用量、温度、时间及第三组份等条件对聚合反应的影响。结果表明，该催化体系具有较好的反应活性。增加助催化剂用量或选择合适的第三组份如二甲基亚砜能有效地提高单体转化率与聚合物分子量。分子量分布为２．１。Ｘ－衍射分析表明聚己内酯为结晶性聚合物。     

Fe-Zn双金属氰化物催化环氧丙烷开环聚合的研究

用Fe Zn双金属氰化物 (DMC)催化剂合成了数均分子量 30 0 0～ 12 0 0 0的聚氧化丙烯二元醇 .着重考察了聚合反应的温度、加料方式等对聚合物分子量及分布的影响 ,并初步探讨了Fe Zn双金属氰化物催化环氧丙烷开环聚合的反应特征 .实验发现 ,采用Fe ZnDMC催化剂 ,聚合物分子量可控 ;在较高温度下聚合所得的聚合物分子量分布呈双峰形 ,显示反应体系中至少存在两类活性中心 ,这可能与催化剂中存在两种价态的络合物有关 ,当降低聚合温度时 ,聚合物分子量分布呈单峰形 ,可能是一类活性中心没有引发 ;实验中还发现单体分批加料时聚合物分子量分布较窄 ,而一步加料法所得聚合物分子量分布则很宽     

双环戊二烯开环歧化聚合反应及合成聚合物性能研究

采用WCl6－ArOH／Et2AlCl（ArOH：2，6-二叔丁基对甲苯酚）催化体系进行了双环戊二烯的开环歧化聚合反应，考察了单体纯度以及催化体系支载化对聚合反应和合成聚合物性能的影响。在极限聚合浓度下，研究了单体与主、助催化剂摩尔比等因素对聚合反应及合成聚合物性能的影响。实验结果表明：单体纯度越高所得聚合物的机械性能越好；催化体系经聚合物支载化后能显著提高催化体系的催化聚合活性及合成聚合物的机械性能。     

低毒锌类催化剂制备聚乳酸的研究

采用低毒锌类催化剂制备了一系列具有高分子量、不同光学纯度及热力学性质的聚乳酸材料. 以金属锌作催化剂制备丙交酯, 研究了不同裂解温度对产物光学纯度的影响. 随后在低毒催化剂乳酸锌的作用下使丙交酯开环聚合, 进一步研究了单体的光学纯度对聚乳酸立体规整性的影响, 以及聚合过程中的结晶对聚合物分子量和热力学行为的影响. 并用旋光仪、核磁共振氢谱(1H NMR)、凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)、差示扫描量热分析(DSC)等方法对产物进行表征. 结果表明, 合适的裂解温度有利于合成高光学纯度的丙交酯; 在低毒乳酸锌的催化作用下, 高光学纯度的单体以及聚合过程中的结晶都有利于制备高分子量聚乳酸.     

丁二酸酐与SnCl_2·2H_2O共催化含水乳酸缩聚制备高分子量聚乳酸

用丁二酸酐与SnCl2.2H2O共催化含水乳酸本体缩聚,合成黏均分子量为6×104的聚乳酸.合成反应时间短,聚乳酸产率高、纯度好.单体为含水10%～15%的乳酸.聚合方法环境友好,不使用任何共沸溶剂.讨论了催化剂用量、反应温度、聚合时间等对聚合反应的影响,并用红外光谱和核磁共振光谱对合成的聚乳酸进行了表征.     

MCM-41分子筛负载氯化铝催化丙烯酸甲酯与1-辛烯共聚

以MCM-41分子筛负载氯化铝为催化剂, 催化丙烯酸甲酯与1-辛烯共聚合反应, 利用称重法测定聚合物产率, 利用核磁共振氢谱分析共聚物组成, 利用凝胶渗透色谱分析共聚物相对数均分子质量, 研究了聚合物产率和共聚物组成随聚合反应时间的变化规律, 考察了溶剂、 催化剂组成和催化剂用量对共聚合结果的影响及催化剂的循环使用性能. 结果表明, 聚合物产率随时间呈S形增长, 而共聚物组成随时间保持恒定, 与氯化铝催化体系规律一致; 溶剂由二氯甲烷改变为乙醇或二甲苯主要影响聚合物组成, 对聚合物相对数均分子质量及其分布影响不大; 催化剂中活性组分的增加有利于增加共聚物中1-辛烯单元的含量, 但对聚合物分子量及分子量分布影响不大; 催化剂中活性组分含量一定时, 随催化剂与单体摩尔比从0.125增加到0.5, 共聚物中1-辛烯单元含量增加, 继续增大催化剂用量不利于提高共聚物中1-辛烯单元含量. 催化剂重复使用3次后仍具有良好的催化活性, 将烯烃单元引入共聚物中, 获得1-辛烯单元摩尔分数达30.1%的聚(丙烯酸甲酯-co-1-辛烯)共聚物.     

空间位阻与氟效应协同增强镍系乙烯聚合

烯烃聚合在工业上是最重要的化学反应之一. 过渡金属催化剂是烯烃聚合反应发展的核心, 其中水杨醛亚胺后过渡金属中性镍催化剂由于杂质耐受性强与无需助催化剂的双重优势备受青睐. 为增强镍催化剂的催化性能, 空间位阻效应或者氟效应策略已有广泛报道; 然而将两者结合形成协同策略仍鲜有研究. 在本工作中, 对位氢和空间位阻取代基(苯基、萘基和蒽基)与邻位氟取代基被同时引入至水杨醛亚胺中性镍催化剂中, 利用空间位阻效应与氟效应来协同增强镍系乙烯聚合. 系统研究空间位阻效应、氟效应、聚合反应温度、聚合时间对乙烯聚合反应的活性、分子量、支化度的影响. 结果表明, 邻位氟取代基显著提升活性、催化剂寿命与聚合物分子量, 降低聚合物支化度; 对位空间位阻取代基的体积根据催化活性或聚合物分子量的需求而定, 但对聚合物支化度几乎无影响. 本工作发展了一种新的调控水杨醛亚胺镍烯烃聚合催化剂手段.     

FeBr3/Me6TREN催化MMA反向原子转移自由基聚合研究

对FeBr3/Me6TREN催化的反向原子转移自由基聚合进行了研究.在不同的催化剂、引发剂的配比、聚合温度和配体用量等条件下,该催化体系催化的MMA聚合反应动力学为一级反应,聚合物分子量可控,分子量分布很窄,说明该体系催化的聚合反应为活性可控聚合.通过实验计算了反应的活化能,并利用UV光谱对催化剂进行了研究.     

新型含硅聚芳醚酮的合成与表征

对FeBr3／Me6TREN催化的反向原子转移自由基聚合进行了研究。在不同的催化剂、引发剂的配比、聚合温度和配体用量等条件下，该催化体系催化的MMA聚合反应动力学为一级反应。聚合物分子量可控，分子量分布很窄，说明该体系催化的聚合反应为活性可控聚合，通过实验计算了反应的活化能，并利用UV光谱对催化剂进行了研究。     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.