含重元素大体系的分区密度泛函计算

将分区计算方法推广应用于含过渡金属或重主族金属元素大体系的非相对论、标量相对论和二分量相对论密度泛函计算. 将大体系划分为若干分区, 每个分区视为相对独立的量子力学子体系. 计及各子体系之间势场的作用和Pauli排斥, 对各子体系分别求解Kohn-Sham方程: (F^K+F^K_P)C^K=S^KC^Kε^K K = A, B, C, … 式中F^K, C^K, S^K, ε^K分别为子体系K的Fock矩阵、轨道系数矩阵、基组重叠矩阵和本征值矩阵, F^K_p反映不同子体系的电子之间的Pauli排斥作用. F^K可以是非相对论、标量相对论或者二分量相对论的Fock矩阵, 由计算中采用的密度泛函理论方法决定, 其他矩阵与矩阵F^K相匹配. 汇总各子体系的计算结果给出整个体系的电子结构信息. 对几个含过渡金属镍和重主族金属元素铊和铋的化合物进行了整体和分区计算, 比较两种计算的结果, 考察分区计算方法的可行性. 结果表明, 只要子体系计算的基组足够大, 分区与整体计算结果的精度实际上是相同的. 采用适当的比较小的子体系计算基组, 分区算法结果的精度就可以达到现有近似能量密度泛函实际具有的精度. 因此, 分区算法可用于含重元素大体系的高精度非相对论、标量相对论和二分量相对论的密度泛函计算.     

一种对大体系局部进行高精度量子化学计算的新方法

提出一种可以对大体系的局部区域进行高精度量子化学计算的新方法.将体系划分为活性区和环境区,采用比较粗略的算法获得大体系的密度矩阵,通过基组的变换将密度矩阵分解为对应于活性区与环境区的子矩阵的直和,活性区和环境区分别拥有整数个电子,成为相对独立的化学键饱和的子体系.然后冻结环境区密度矩阵,同时考虑环境区在活性区所产生势场的作用,对活性区进行高精度的量子化学计算.对一些分子进行计算,得到的电荷分布、键长、键断裂能、电离势与电负性等与对大体系整体进行高精度计算得到的结果相当一致,而计算量减少很多,表明提出的方法可行,并有应用价值.     

四氢吡咯双自由基及其等电子体系不同电子态稳定性和NLO性质的理论研究

摘要所选体系为非路易斯分子,即分子中含有一个可分裂的C—C键,两个电子占据非键分子轨道,对这类分子的能量和稳定性的研究已有报道．根据体系中两个自由基电子相互作用不同,该类分子可能具有三种电子态．本文采用密度泛函和从头算等方法在不同基组水平上,对四氢吡咯双自由基（体系a）及其两个等电子体系的NLO性质进行了理论研究．采用不同方法和基组优化体系a三种电子态的几何结构,     

过渡金属体系非线性光学性质计算的ECP基组研究

有效核势(ECP)方法是计算含有过渡金属体系的电子结构及物理性质的有效方法. 本文比较了一系列典型的ECP基组对计算含过渡金属体系非线性光学性质精度的影响. 分别在HF, MP2和DFT理论水平上对过渡金属元素使用不同的ECP基组, 计算了几个过渡金属有机化合物的静态一阶超极化率β₀. 研究结果表明: 使用有效核势计算含过渡金属体系时, 核电子的选取是提高计算精度的前提, ns和np电子应该和nd电子一同作为价电子处理; 对于重原子, 必须考虑自旋-轨道耦合相对论效应. 经过综合评估, 认为使用Stuttgart/Dresden赝势的ECP基组, MHF, 在计算含有过渡金属体系非线性光学性质方面是比较好的基组; Stuttgart RSC 1997和SBKJC VDZ相对而言是较好的基组; 基组Lanl2dz, Hay-Wadt MB (n＋1)和Hay-Wadt VDZ (n＋1)由于没有考虑自旋-轨道耦合, 计算精确度次之; 而基组CRENBL和CRENBS计算的偏差要大一些, 尤其是CRENBS基组由于价电子选择得太少而导致与实验值的偏差最大.     

X-H (X = C, N, O, Si, P, S) 键离解能计算的密度泛函方法研究

使用了不同密度泛函方法计算X-H (X = C, N, O, Si, P, S) 键离解能，并分析不同密度泛函方法的计算精度。研究发现大多数密度泛函方法包括B3LYP, B3P86, B3PW91, G96LYP, PBE1PBE，和BH&HLYP都明显低估键离解能13-25 kJ/mol。该现象与是否使用无限基组无关，因为即使使用无限基组键离解能仍然被低估。因此密度泛函方法不适合用于键离解能的估算。其中B3P86方法的偏差最小。进一步分析表明，使用限制性开壳层计算并无任何优势，在大多数情况下非限制性开壳层计算实际上比限制性开壳层计算要好。最后，我们发现了密度泛函方法对键离解能的低估是系统的，因此建议利用校准后的UDFT/6-311++G(d, p)方法计算化学键离解能。     

单Slater行列式波函数的能量表示式的简化及其应用

本文简化了单Slater行列式型波函数的电子总能量表达式, 对闭壳层体系. 利用该式进行从头计算, 可以不涉及分子轨道系数、密度矩阵等概念, 数学模型比较简单, 能够保证计算过程有选择地收剑到指定的激发态. 并能迅速判断旋转的角度. 但因为需要进行四维变换, 限制了对大基组分子的应用. 本文对开壳层体系自旋非限制的Hartree-Fork计算, 也推导了类似的公式.     

非血红素配合物[FeⅣ(O)(TMC)(NCMe)]2+与[FeⅣ(O)(TMCS)]+的几何结构、电子结构、成键性和反应活性比较

采用密度泛函理论计算了[FeⅣ(O)(TMC)(NCMe)]2+ 和[FeⅣ(O)(TMCS)]+的电子结构、反应活性和Fe—O的成键性. 几何构型的优化采用非限制性的B3LYP混合密度泛函方法, 重原子Fe的优化采用是LanL2dZ基组, C, H, O, N和S的优化采用TZV基组, 理论计算结果与实验结果相符. 通过对轨道系数和键级的分析发现, TMC配位基对Fe—O的π键几乎没有影响. 由于竖直方向的硫甲基配位基的轨道与Fe的3d轨道具有较强的重迭, 而乙腈配位基作为轴向配体时, 这种重迭则小得多, 导致了两种配合物在电子结构和反应活性上存在一定的差别.     

非线性光学极化率密度泛函理论计算的基组效应

由于分子的非线性光学性质与分子外层电子行为及激发性质密切相关,扩散函数对分子的非线性光学极化率计算非常重要.在ADF程序中的DZP基组基础上缀加扩散函数,构造出我们称之为DZP+df的新基组.通过对5个模型分子的含频二阶非线性光学极化率的密度泛函理论计算,表明新基组可以得出较DZP基组更为准确可靠的结果,同时比较ADF程序内置带有扩散函数的大基组,计算量大为减少.     

基态XO~（n＋）（X=Ru,Rh,Pd;n=0,1）的势能函数和第一垂直电离势

运用原子分子反应静力学原理推导出XOn+(X=Ru,Rh,Pd;n=0,1)的基态电子状态及离解极限.运用密度泛函的B3P86方法和LANL2DZ赝势基组及aug-cc-pVTZ全电子基组,对XOn+X=Ru,Rh,Pd;n=0,1)体系进行计算,获得了这些分子及其离子基态的Murrell-Sorbie解析势能函数.同时计算了XOn+(X=Ru,Rh,Pd;n=0,1)的光谱数据,计算了XO(X=Ru,Rh,Pd)中性分子的第一垂直电离势.     

氢气吸附的密度泛函理论方法的基准研究

采用密度泛函理论方法对氢气吸附进行了基准研究.探讨了不同泛函方法,范德华作用及基组大小在计算中对预测氢气吸附能的影响.研究结果表明,不同泛函预测吸附能给出的偏差很大,范德华作用校正不容忽视;基组和模型尺寸影响相对较小;模型越大对基组依赖性越小;选择小的模型可以通过选择较大基组弥补计算的误差.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.