氟化改性TiO2空心微球的制备及光催化性能

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源、氢氟酸为氟源、乙醇为溶剂,采用溶剂热法合成了氟化改性的TiO₂空心微球,并利用XRD、FE-SEM、FTIR、XPS等手段对氟化TiO₂微球的晶体结构、形貌、分子基团以及元素形态等性质进行了表征,同时将TiO₂微球应用于光催化降解甲基橙溶液。结果表明:氟化TiO₂空心微球由奥斯瓦尔德熟化过程获得,其中TiO₂以锐钛矿存在,氟以化学吸附态存在于TiO₂的表面,形成≡Ti-F基团。相比纯TiO₂,氟化TiO₂空心微球光催化活性有很大提高,对初始浓度为20 mg·L^-1的甲基橙溶液进行光催化降解30 min,其降解率达到98%。氟化改性TiO₂空心微球光催化活性的提高是源于TiO₂独特的空心微球结构以及TiO₂表面≡Ti-F基团的存在。TiO₂表面≡Ti-F基团有很强的吸电子能力,抑制了光生电子与空穴的复合,同时有利于羟基自由基的产生。     

可见光响应的铁掺杂TiO_2中空微球的制备及其光催化性能

以聚苯乙烯微球作为模板,水溶性过氧化钛配合物作为前驱体一步合成了掺铁TiO2中空微球,并利用XRD,SEM,TEM,XPS,UV-Vis等测试手段对样品进行了表征。结果表明,一步法制备的掺铁TiO2中空微球以锐钛矿相存在且具有良好的中空结构,掺杂少量铁到体系中,改变了其电子结构,使其吸收波长拓展到可见光区。光催化降解亚甲基蓝溶液的结果表明,掺杂0.75%铁的TiO2中空微球表现出更好的光催化性能。对Fe3+影响光催化活性的机理进行了讨论。     

TiO_2-SBA-15催化剂的制备、表征及光催化降解甲基橙

以钛酸四丁酯为钛源,以介孔分子筛SBA-15为载体,采用简单的方法制备TiO2-SBA-15催化剂,并采用FT-IR,XRD和N2吸附-脱附等方法对其进行表征.另外,将制备的TiO2-SBA-15催化剂应用于光催化降解甲基橙溶液,并讨论了钛含量、甲基橙浓度及溶液pH值对降解率的影响.结果表明:在钛酸四丁酯起始加入量为3.2mL,甲基橙浓度为10mg/L,溶液pH=3的条件下,TiO2-SBA-15光催化降解甲基橙的降解率可达到100%.     

乙酰丙酮金属配合物表面改性纳米二氧化钛

以乙酰丙酮稀土和乙酰丙酮铁配合物通过吸附法对纳米TiO2进行表面改性,以光催化降解甲基橙为探针反应,在紫外光照条件下考察了改性条件对纳米TiO2催化活性的影响,包括金属元素种类、配合物含量、吸附温度、溶剂用量、吸附时间等.研究表明,乙酰丙酮铁改性纳米TiO2最有效.当w[Fe(acac)3/TiO2]为0.25%,吸附温度为60℃,溶剂用量为乙醇/TiO2等于29 mL/g,吸附1.5 h时,改性后的纳米TiO2催化活性比改性前有了很大的提高.即使在普通白炽灯光照条件下,改性催化剂仍显示出很高的光催化活性,明显优于非改性的纯TiO2.改性纳米TiO2经过IR、XRD、UV-Vis、荧光、SEM-EDS和高倍光学显微镜等分析表征.     

钬掺杂提高TiO2纳米晶光催化活性的光谱性能机制研究

采用酸催化的溶胶-凝胶法制备了未掺杂和掺杂0.5%Ho(摩尔分数)的纳米TiO2光催化剂,以甲基橙的光催化降解为探针反应,评价了其光催化活性。运用XRD,TEM,EDS,FT-IR,UV-Vis DRS以及PL光谱表征技术考察了Ho掺杂对纳米TiO2的微晶尺寸、晶体结构、表面组成与光学性能的影响,并对改性机制作了探讨。结果表明,Ho掺杂可以抑制TiO2由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变,阻碍TiO2晶粒增长,使TiO2的光吸收带边发生蓝移,增加表面羟基含量,促进光生载流子分离,从而使Ho掺杂TiO2样品光催化降解甲基橙的能力显著增强。     

Cu2+/TiO2对甲基橙的光催化降解机理

以自制的掺铜离子的混晶型二氧化钛为光催化剂,考察了甲基橙光催化降解过程中pH值和光源的影响,提出了两种不同的光催化降解机理:在高压汞灯照射下,TiO2的价带电子被激发到导带,光生电子和空穴主要通过Cu2+ 的短路循环而复合,光催化剂的活性降低;在太阳光照射下,甲基橙发生自身光敏化氧化反应,受激电子从单线态或三线态的甲基橙分子跃迁到TiO2的导带,Cu2+起到电荷传递中继站的作用,加速了注入电子向H2O2的转移,从而促进了甲基橙的光催化降解。     

光催化活性二氧化钛溶胶的低温制备与表征

以钛酸丁酯为原料,在70 ℃制备了具有光催化活性的TiO2溶胶.用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)表征了溶胶结构;用紫外-可见分光光度计研究了TiO2溶胶对甲基橙的吸附和光催化降解性能.XRD图谱表明TiO2溶胶粒子的一次粒径约4 nm,晶型主要为锐钛矿型,并含有少量结晶不完善的板钛矿型;TEM图像表明溶胶中TiO2粒子分散良好,二次粒径约10 nm.吸附实验表明TiO2溶胶使甲基橙溶液褪色约17%;光催化实验表明TiO2溶胶光催化性能优异,自然光催化降解甲基橙溶液(10 mg/L),16min后甲基橙浓度几乎降为0.     

海绵状纳米结构TiO2膜的制备及其光催化活性

采用电化学阳极氧化法在钛表面构筑了海绵状纳米结构TiO2膜. 应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对膜层的形貌和晶型进行了分析和表征, 考察了阳极氧化时间对膜层厚度的影响, 并通过海绵状纳米结构TiO2膜对甲基橙的光催化降解研究了膜层厚度与光催化活性的关系. 结果表明, 海绵状纳米结构TiO2膜对甲基橙具有光催化降解作用, 而且随着膜层厚度的增加, 光催化降解速率显著增大, 厚度为2.2 μm的海绵状纳米结构TiO2膜对甲基橙的光催化降解速率是厚度为480 nm的6.4倍.     

钒离子掺杂对TiO2光催化剂薄膜催化活性的影响

采用溶胶凝胶工艺在普通玻璃表面制备了钒离子非均匀掺杂的TiO2薄膜,运用XRD研究了其光催化复合薄膜的表面特征.以光催化降解甲基橙溶液为模型反应,表征薄膜的光催化活性,结果表明,将钒离子富集在TiO2薄膜内部时,最佳掺杂浓度为1.0%(V/Ti原子百分比),最佳降解表观速率常数为7.44×10-3min-1,约是纯TiO2的2.3倍,有效地提高了TiO2半导体的光催化效率.通过XPS与电化学方法进行分析,说明将钒离子富集在TiO2薄膜内部十分有利于电子-空穴的分离,增强了光生电子与空穴的分离效率.     

钕掺杂提高TiO2光催化活性的机制

采用X射线衍射(XRD), BET吸附, X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征了溶胶凝胶法制备的Nd掺杂TiO2光催化剂的晶体结构、表面电子结构与化学组成. 以甲基橙为有机底物, 测试Nd掺杂对光催化剂吸附性能和光催化活性的影响. 结果表明, Nd掺杂可阻碍TiO2的晶相转变, 减小光催化剂的晶粒尺寸, 比表面积增大. Nd掺杂提高光催化剂表面三价钛(TiⅢ)的含量及其对甲基橙的吸附能力是其提高TiO2光催化降解甲基橙活性的主要原因. Nd掺杂量为1.2%时, 光催化剂活性最高.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Synthesis of pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles by Curtius reaction in Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives

Synthesis of substituted pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazines and pyrazino[1,2-a]indoles from the Morita-Baylis-Hillman derivatives of acrylates via saponification followed by Curtius reaction is described.     

正丁胺对激光染料荧光谱影响的研究

用正丁胺作为碳源,采用射频辉光放电制备碳膜,选用激光染料R6G和聚乙二醇混合液作为蒸气源,采用单源热蒸发,在蒸发室与染料同时沉积得到混合膜,用拉曼光谱和红外光谱分析了碳膜的结构和键合方式,分析表明:碳膜中存在胺基团和氢原子.混合膜的荧光谱测量结果表明,认为正丁胺对染料荧光谱的影响是因为胺基和氢原子的存在.     

Cu0-catalysed 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions of α-amino acid derived N,N-cyclic azomethine imines to ynones

A series of 20 CuAIAC reactions between eight 4-acylamino substituted pyrazolidine-3-one-1-azomethine imines and four terminal ynones were performed using Cu⁰ as catalyst. The corresponding fluorescent cycloadducts were obtained in very high yields upon simple workup. Thus, Cu-metal turned out to be a better catalyst than Cu^I in terms of yield and ease of isolation. Availability of azomethine imines, mild reaction conditions, and simple workup enable a “click” access to libraries of densely substituted 2,3-dihydro-1H,5H-pyrazolo[1,2-a]pyrazol-1-ones. Reactivity of differently substituted dipoles was evaluated experimentally and by quantum chemical methods (DFT).     

Synthesis and antioxidative/anti-inflammatory activity of novel fullerene–polyamine conjugates

(E)-4-(Fullerenopyrrolidin-1-yl)-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid and its corresponding succinimidyl ester, readily obtained through Prato-type modification of C₆₀, were used for the selective N-acylation of polyamines. The thus obtained conjugates were evaluated for their antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity and their cytotoxicity was determined. Members of this family of compounds showed interesting anti-lipid peroxidation, anti-lipoxygenase and anti-inflammatory activity and comparable cytocompatibility to spermidine.