蛋白质与三氯乙酸相互作用的共振散射光谱研究及分析应用

三氯乙酸（TCA）与酪蛋白、明胶、γ－球蛋白、HSA、BSA结合形成缔合微粒，均使体系的共振散射信号显著增强，在470nm处产生一共振散射峰。在选定条件下，几种蛋白质在一定浓度范围内与I470nm呈线性关系。建立了定量测定蛋白质的共振散射光谱分析新方法。该法操作简便，灵敏度高，线性范围宽，重现性较好，可用于多种蛋白质的测定。本法应用于合成样品及人血清样品中蛋白质的定量分析，结果满意。     

刚果红与蛋白质相互作用的分光光度研究及其分析应用

在pH4.1的Britton-Robinson缓冲介质中,刚果红与蛋白质在室温下能迅速结合生成红色复合物,其最大吸收波长为488nm,比刚果红本身紫移了32nm。用光度法研究了该结合反应的最佳条件,并在此基础上建立了测定蛋白质的方法。测定蛋白质(BSA)的表观摩尔吸光系数4ε88为2.876×105L.mol-1.cm-1,该法简便、快速、选择性好、灵敏度高,用于人血清样品和含乳饮料中蛋白质的测定,结果与考马斯亮蓝法一致。     

亮绿SF(淡黄)与蛋白质相互作用的光度法研究及其分析应用

在pH 2.0的B-R缓冲介质中,蛋白质与亮绿SF(淡黄)(LGSF)在室温下结合生成复合物,其最大吸收波长为665 nm。本文采用光度法研究了结合反应的最佳条件、结合常数及最大结合位点数,并在此基础上建立了一个测定蛋白质的新方法。该方法测定牛血清蛋白(BSA)、人血清蛋白(HSA)及γ-球蛋白G(IgG)的线性范围至少可达80μg/mL,其表观摩尔吸光系数ε分别为:7.25×105、7.22×105与1.84×106L.mol-1.cm-1。除阴阳离子表面活性剂外,其余大部分物质不干扰蛋白质测定。可见方法具有选择性好、灵敏度高等优点。用于人血清样品中总蛋白的测定,所得结果与考马斯亮蓝G-250法基本一致。     

曙红Y与牛血清蛋白作用的荧光光谱

1引言蛋白质测定在临床医学和生命科学研究中有重要意义,这方面的研究引起人们的广泛兴趣,最常用的方法是用染料结合法,它们在酸性介质与蛋白质作用形成复合物,而后进行测定,荧光法测定蛋白质文献报道较少。在pH2．53的介质中,我们研究曙红Y与牛血清蛋白作用光谱,曙红Y最大吸收峰从513nm红移到529nm,荧光光谱发生显著变化,540nm（激发光波长308nm）荧光猝灭,其摔灭程度与BSA浓度成正比,据此拟定测定牛血清蛋白的荧光分析方法。该方法线性范围宽0－2．5mg/L,灵敏度高检出限可达2．8μg/L（3σ）,选择性好常见物质不干扰测定…     

用铬黑T作为共振光散射探针测定蛋白质

研究了金属指示剂铬黑T（EBT）作为共振光散射探针测定蛋白质的分析方法。实验表明，在pH=4.10的Britton-Robinson缓冲溶液条件下，铬黑T只有极弱的光散射，它与蛋白质结合后有强烈的共振光散射作用。在λ=375nm处，光散射强度最大，光散射强度与蛋白质的浓度成正比。据此建立了一种测定蛋白质的新方法。该方法简便、快速、灵敏度高，对HSA的检出限达到39μg/L;线性范围为0－15mg/L，用于人体血清样品的分析并用考马斯亮蓝法比较，取得了令人满意的结果。同时亦研究了牛血清白蛋白（BSA）、λ球蛋白、鸡蛋白蛋白、溶菌酶与染料EBT之间的作用。比较了2种不同类型的荧光仪器绘制的共振光散射光谱，并探讨了共振光散射的机理。     

某些同多酸根与蛋白质相互作用的共振瑞利散射光谱研究

在酸性介质中,钼酸根、钨酸根和偏钒酸根等同多酸根与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）和人血清白蛋白（HSA）等蛋白质反应形成结合产物时,会导致溶液的共振瑞利散射（RRS）急剧增强,最大散射峰均位于470nm。反应的适宜酸度分别为pH0．9～1．3（钼酸根．BSA体系）,pH1．1—1．4（钨酸根-BSA体系）和pH0．6—0．9（偏钒酸根-BSA体系）。在一定的浓度范围内,不同的反应体系RRS强度与蛋白质浓度成正比,均可用于蛋白质的测定。反应具有很高的灵敏度,不同的同多酸对BSA的检出限（30σ／s）介于4．1—30．5μg/L之间,其中钼酸根体系的灵敏度最高。考察了共存物质的影响并研究了方法的分析应用。     

某些变色酸双偶氮染料-蛋白质体系的共振瑞利散射及其分析应用

在PH3．4－4．0的缓冲溶液中， 偶氮胂M（AAM）、偶氮氯膦Ⅲ（CPAⅢ）和氯磺酚S（CSPS）等变色酸双偶氮染料及蛋白质本身的共振瑞利散射（RRS）均十分微弱，但这些染料与蛋白质结合形成复合物时能使RRS急剧增强，在400－470nm的范围内呈现高的散射强度，其最大散射波大均位于470nm处，并且散射强度分别在0．36mg/L（CPAⅢ体系）、0－3．8mg/L(AAM体系）和0－4．8mg/L(CSPS体系）的范围内与牛血清白蛋白（BSA）的浓度成正比，方法具有高灵敏度，对于BSA的检出限（σ=3时）分别为18．5μg/L（CPAⅢ）、13．6μg/L（CSPS）和27．9μg/L（AAM）。考察了共存物质的影响，表明方法具有较好的选择性，此法可用于人血清中蛋白质的测定。     

蛋白质测定的流动注射荧光法

根据荧光素的单体－二聚体平衡转化的原理，提出了一种检测蛋白质的方法；荧光素在表面活性剂作用下形成二聚体后荧光强度明显降低，加入蛋白质后二聚体解聚使荧光强度增加；结合流动注射法测定牛血清蛋白（BSA），该法简便，灵敏度高，对血清中蛋白质进行测定，结果令人满意。     

蛋白质与玫瑰桃红R共振瑞利散射的研究及应用

研究了蛋白质与玫瑰桃红R的反应及共振瑞利散射的光谱特征。实验发现,在酸性（pH3．7）的邻苯二甲酸氢钾一盐酸缓冲溶液中,玫瑰桃红R染料与蛋白质结合形成复合物时能使共振瑞利散射急剧增强,在300～450nm的范围内呈现高的散射强度,其最大散射波长均位于320nm处,体系在室温下反应30min后稳定,并且散射强度与牛血清白蛋白（BAS）、人血清白蛋白（HSA）、卵蛋白（AE）的质量浓度在一定范围内均成正比,实验测得其线性范围分别为0～6．5、0～14．0、0～22．0mg／L。对BSA、HSA、AE的检出限分别为2．72、35．58、6．55μg／L。该法操作简便、灵敏度较高,用于测定正常人尿液、奶粉和牛血清中的微量蛋白获得满意的结果。     

铬天青S-Cu(Ⅱ)配合物探针吸光光度法测定蛋白质的研究

在pH 5.0 B-R缓冲介质中,蛋白质与铬天青S-Cu（Ⅱ）配合物发生结合反应形成超分子复合物,使体系的最大吸收波长红移了30 nm,由此提出了普通光度法测定蛋白质（BSA）的新方法。最佳条件下,该复合物的最大吸收波长位于620 nm处,表观摩尔吸光系数ε=6.13×105L.mol-1.cm-1,蛋白质（BSA）量在10-60μg/mL范围内遵循比耳定律。方法可直接用于蛋清中蛋白质的测定,回收率为100%-105%。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.