求解浅水波方程的半离散中心迎风方法

将Jin's的界面方法应用到求解双曲守恒型方程的半离散中心迎风方法中,给出了一种新的求解浅水波方程的半离散中心迎风差分方法。对于源项,不是采用传统的单元均值而是采用单元界面处的值来近似,使所得格式对稳定态的求解是均衡的。且已证明所给的二阶精度的求解格式保持水深的非负性,这一特性使其能够较好的处理干河床问题。使用该方法产生的数值粘性(与O(Δ2r-1)同阶)要比交错的中心格式小(与O(Δx2r/Δt)同阶),而且由于数值粘性与时间步长无关,从而时间步长可根据稳定性需要尽可能的小,因此适用于稳定态的求解。     

TVD三阶和四阶格式求解渗流方程新方法

在使用显式格式计算含水率曲线过程中,如果空间步长太大,则会造成差分格式的不稳定.为了减弱空间步长带来的影响,建立了TVD三阶和四阶格式来计算两相流问题的含水率,与一点上游加权格式和两点上游加权格式进行比较,可以看出,用TVD格式计算的结果与实际结果更接近;该格式在稳定性方面也比上游加权格式稳定,Courant数的大小对格式的稳定性起决定作用.     

高阶Schrdinger型方程的两层高精度恒稳差分格式

众所周知,高阶Schro¨dinger方程在量子力学、非线性光学及流体力学中都有广泛的应用。本文对高阶Schro¨dinger型方程 u t=i(-1)m 2mu x2m(其中i=-1,m为正整数),利用待定系数法,构造出一个两层高精度的隐式差分格式。其截断误差阶为O((Δt)2+(Δx)6),比同类格式精度高2～4阶,并用Fourier分析法证明了它是绝对稳定的。最后,数值例子表明本文格式比著名的Crank-Nicolson格式精度高10-2～10-7,这说明我们的格式是有效的,理论分析与实际计算相吻合。     

结构动力响应分析的三阶显隐式时程积分方法

基于泰勒级数展开式提出了一种用于结构动力响应分析的高精度时程积分方法,该方法假设t时刻的速度和加速度由t-Δt时刻、t时刻、t+Δt时刻的速度和加速度加权表示,并可根据求解需要调节权值,将积分算法构造成隐式格式或显式格式。通过理论分析和数值算例,计算讨论了该算法的稳定性和精度,确定了最佳的权值和允许的时间步长。结果表明:本文算法最高具有三阶精度,且具有振幅衰减率低、周期延长率极小等优点。最后结合一个铁道工程实例,表明本文算法适用于大型非线性动态响应的精确快速求解。     

高阶Schr(o)dinger型方程的两层高精度恒稳差分格式

众所周知, 高阶Schrodinger方程在量子力学、非线性光学及流体力学中都有广泛的应用.本文对高阶Schrodinger型方程(eu/et)＝I(-1)m(e2mu)/(ex2m)(其中I＝-1,m为正整数),利用待定系数法,构造出一个两层高精度的隐式差分格式.其截断误差阶为O((Δt)2+(Δx)6),比同类格式精度高2～4阶,并用Fourier分析法证明了它是绝对稳定的.最后,数值例子表明本文格式比著名的Crank-Nicolson格式精度高10-2～10-7,这说明我们的格式是有效的,理论分析与实际计算相吻合.     

高阶Schroedinger型方程的两层高精度恒稳差分格式

众所周知，高阶Schroedinger方程在量子力学、非线性光学及流体力学中都有广泛的应用。本文对高阶Schroedinger型方程δu/δt=i(-1)^mδ2m/δx^2m(其中i=√-1，m为正整数)，利用待定系数法，构造出一个两层高精度的隐式差分格式。其截断误差阶为O((△t)^2 (Δx)^6)，比同类格式精度高2～4阶，并用Fourier分析法证明了它是绝对稳定的。最后，数值例子表明本文格式比著名的Crank-Nicolson格式精度高10^-2～10^-7，这说明我们的格式是有效的，理论分析与实际计算相吻合。     

用隐式方法和WENO格式计算悬停旋翼跨声速无粘流场

寻找一种能够准确计算以涡为主要特征的复杂流场和克服尾迹耗散问题的数值方法,一直是旋翼空气动力学研究的热点和难点。本文发展了一种基于高阶迎风格式计算悬停旋翼无粘流场的隐式数值方法。无粘通量采用Roe通量差分分裂格式,为提高精度,使用五阶WENO格式进行左右状态插值,并与MUSCL插值进行比较。为提高收敛到定常解的效率,时间推进采用LU-SGS隐式方法。用该方法对一跨声速悬停旋翼无粘流场进行了数值计算,数值结果表明WENO-Roe的激波分辨率高于MUSCL-Roe,体现出了格式精度的提高对计算结果的改善,LU-SGS隐式方法的计算效率比5步Runge-Kutta显式方法的高。     

一种基于Associated Hermite正交函数求解对流扩散方程的算法

提出了一种基于AH(Associated Hermite)正交基函数求解对流扩散方程的无条件稳定算法。该算法将方程的时间项通过Hermite多项式作为正交基函数进行展开,利用Galerkin方法消除时间变量项,从而导出有限维AH域隐式差分方程,突破了传统显式差分格式稳定性条件的限制,最后通过对AH域展开系数的求解得到该对流扩散方程的数值解。在数值算例中,将该算法与传统显示差分法和交替方向隐式差分法进行对比分析,数值计算结果表明,算法无条件稳定且其计算精度与时间步长无关,对于具有精细结构的对流换热问题,该算法具有明显的效率优势,且保持了较高的精度。     

非齐次动力学方程的一种精细积分单步方法

针对非齐次动力学方程■,结合精细积分法和微分求积法,利用同阶的显式龙格-库塔法对计算过程中待求的v_(k+i/s)(i=1,2,…,s)进行预估,提出了一种避免状态矩阵求逆的高效精细积分单步方法。该方法采用精细积分法计算e~(Ht),而Duhamel积分项采用s级s阶的时域微分求积法,计算格式统一且易于编程,可灵活实现变阶变步长。仿真结果表明,与其他单步法及预估校正-辛时间子域法进行数值比较,该方法具有高精度、高效率及良好的稳定性,在求解大规模动力系统时间响应问题中具有较大的优势。     

高黏性流动有限元模拟的迭代稳定分步算法

分步算法已被广泛应用于数值求解不可压缩N-S方程. Guermond等认为时间步长必须大于 某个临界值方能使算法稳定. 然而在高黏性流动模拟中，已有的显式和半隐式分步算法由于 其显式本质，必须采用小时间步长计算，不但降低了计算效率，同时也常与为使分步算法稳 分步算法已被广泛应用于数值求解不可压缩N-S方程. Guermond等认为时间步长必须大于 某个临界值方能使算法稳定. 然而在高黏性流动模拟中，已有的显式和半隐式分步算法由于 其显式本质，必须采用小时间步长计算，不但降低了计算效率，同时也常与为使分步算法稳 定必须满足的最小时间步长要求冲突. 本文目的是构造一种含迭代格式的分步算法，它能在 保证精度的前提下大幅度地增大时间步长. 方腔流和平面Poisseuille流数值计算结果证实 了此特点，该方法被有效应用于充填流动过程的数值模拟.     

求解二维污染扩散方程的时空任意阶的三点紧致显格式

通过在泰勒级数展开中运用逐阶迭代的方法,推导出了空间二阶导数任意精度的三点紧致的表达式,并在半高散方程中通过二维扩散方程本身把时间导数转换为空间导数,从而推导出了时空任意阶的三点紧致显格式.数值实验表明,本文格式的精度很高,而且具有使用简单,易于编程的优点,对求解二维污染扩散方程具有很好的应用前景.     

一种基于Hamel形式的无条件稳定动力学积分算法

Time integration algorithm is a key issue in solving dynamical system. An unconditionally stable Hamel generalized α method is proposed to solve the instability issue arising in the time integration of dynamic equations and to eliminate the pseudo high order harmonics incurred by the spatial discretization of finite element simultaneously. Therefore, the development of numerical integration algorithm to solve the above-mentioned problems has important theoretical and application value. The algorithm proposed in this paper is developed based on the moving frame method and Hamel’s field variational integrators along with the strategy to construct an unconditionally stable Hamel generalized α method. It is shown that a new numerical formalism with higher accuracy can be derived under the same framework of the unconditional stable algorithm established through a special variational formalism and variational integrators. The above-mentioned formalism can be extended from general linear space to Lie group by utilizing the moving frame method and the Lie group formalism of the Hamel generalized α method has been obtained. Both the convergence and stability of the algorithm are discussed, and some numerical examples are presented to verify the conclusion. It is demonstrated by the theoretical analysis that the Hamel generalized α method proposed in the paper is unconditionally stable, second-order accurate and can quickly filter out pseudo high-frequency harmonics. Both conventional and proposed methods have been applied to numerical examples respectively. Comparisons between results of numerical examples show that the aforementioned advantages of the proposed method in terms of accuracy, dissipation and stability are tested and verified. At the same time, it can be developed that new numerical integration algorithms with even higher order accuracy. The scheme can also be proposed, which is suitable for both general linear space and Lie group space. A new way for constructing variational integrators is also obtained in this paper.      

Augmented upwind numerical schemes for the groundwater transport advection‐dispersion equation with local operators

When solute transport is advection‐dominated, the advection‐dispersion equation approximates to a hyperbolic‐type partial differential equation, and finite difference and finite element numerical approximation methods become prone to artificial oscillations. The upwind scheme serves to correct these responses to produce a more realistic solution. The upwind scheme is reviewed and then applied to the advection‐dispersion equation with local operators for the first‐order upwinding numerical approximation scheme. The traditional explicit and implicit schemes, as well as the Crank‐Nicolson scheme, are developed and analyzed for numerical stability to form a comparison base. Two new numerical approximation schemes are then proposed, namely, upwind–Crank‐Nicolson scheme, where only for the advection term is applied, and weighted upwind‐downwind scheme. These newly developed schemes are analyzed for numerical stability and compared to the traditional schemes. It was found that an upwind–Crank‐Nicolson scheme is appropriate if the Crank‐Nicolson scheme is only applied to the advection term of the advection‐dispersion equation. Furthermore, the proposed explicit weighted upwind‐downwind finite difference numerical scheme is an improvement on the traditional explicit first‐order upwind scheme, whereas the implicit weighted first‐order upwind‐downwind finite difference numerical scheme is stable under all assumptions when the appropriate weighting factor (θ) is assigned.     

Construction of high-order accuracy implicit residual smoothing schemes

ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＧｅｎｅｒａｌｉｍｐｌｉｃｉｔｍｅｔｈｏｄｓ (ＦｕＤ .Ｘ .[1],Ｈｉｒｓｃｈ[2 ])ｃａｎｂｅｗｒｉｔｔｅｎａｓＩｍｐｌｉｃｉｔＰａｒｔ =ＥｘｐｌｉｃｉｔＰａｒｔ . (1 )ＩｔｈａｓｂｅｅｎｐｒｏｐｏｓｅｄｂｙＭａｃＣｏｒｍａｃｋ[3]ｔｈａｔｍｏｄｅｒｎｉｍｐｌｉｃｉｔｍｅｔｈｏｄｓｃａｎｂｅｗｒｉｔｔｅｎａｓＮｕｍｅｒｉｃａｌＰａｒｔδｉＵ =ＰｈｙｓｉｃａｌＰａｒｔ . (2 )　　Ｔｈｅｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｐａｒｔｒｅｆｌｅｃｔｓｔｈｅｃｈａｎｇｅｒｕｌｅｏｆｐｈｙｓｉｃａｌｐａｒａｍｅ…     

Local discontinuous Galerkin method for a nonlocal viscous conservation laws

The purpose of this article is to investigate high‐order numerical approximations of scalar conservation laws with nonlocal viscous term. The viscous term is given in the form of convolution in space variable. With the help of the characteristic of viscous term, we design a semidiscrete local discontinuous Galerkin (LDG) method to solve the nonlocal model. We prove stability and convergence of semidiscrete LDG method in L² norm. The theoretical analysis reveals that the present numerical scheme is stable with optimal convergence order for the linear case, and it is stable with sub‐optimal convergence order for nonlinear case. To demonstrate the validity and accuracy of our scheme, we test the Burgers equation with two typical nonlocal fractional viscous terms. The numerical results show the convergence order accuracy in space for both linear and nonlinear cases. Some numerical simulations are provided to show the robustness and effectiveness of the present numerical scheme.     

对流扩散方程的迎风变换及相应有限差分方法

本文提出所谓迎风变换,将对流扩散方程分解为对流迎风函数和扩散方程,并构造相应的有限差分格式。对流迎风函数以简明的指数解析形式反映对流扩散现象的迎风效应,原则上消除了源于不对称对流算子的困难,能够便利对流扩散方程的数值求解。有限差分格式具有二阶精度和无条件稳定性,算例表明其准确性、收敛速度及对边界层效应的适应能力均明显优于中心差分格式和迎风差分格式。     

波动数值模拟的一种显式方法——一维波动

本文提出了波动时域数值模拟的一种新的显式方法,并通过一维非规则网格节点递推公式的建立说明此方法。为了阐明应用此法构建高精度、稳定递推公式的可行性,详细论述了一维均匀网格标量波动数值模拟的精度和稳定性;提出了构建时空精度皆为 阶( 为正整数)的稳定递推公式的技术途径,并以构建二阶(M=1)和四阶(M=2)公式为例予以说明。最后,通过算例详细说明了本文理论结果。     

A class of fully third-order accurate projection methods for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations

In this paper, a fully third-order accurate projection method for solving the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations is proposed. To construct the scheme, a continuous projection procedure is firstly presented. We then derive a sufficient condition for the continuous projection equations to be temporally third-order accurate approximations of the original Navier-Stokes equations by means of the local- truncation-error-analysis technique. The continuous projection equations are discretized temporally and spatially to third-order accuracy on the staggered grids, resulting in a fully third-order discrete projection scheme. The possibility to design higher-order projection methods is thus demonstrated in the present paper. A heuristic stability analysis is performed on this projection method showing the probability of its being stable. The stability of the present scheme is further verified through numerical tests. The third-order accuracy of the present projection method is validated by several numerical test cases. The project supported by the China NKBRSF (2001CB409604) The English text was polished by Yunming Chen     

采用黏弹性人工边界时显式算法稳定性条件

黏弹性人工边界是处理无限域波动问题常用的数值模拟方法。采用显式时域逐步积分算法进行计算时,受黏弹性人工边界的阻尼、刚度等影响,人工边界区的稳定性比内部计算域的更严格,尚无明确、实用的稳定性判别准则,这限制了黏弹性人工边界在显式动力分析中的应用。针对二维黏弹性人工边界,利用基于局部子系统的稳定性分析方法和基于传递矩阵谱半径的稳定性判别准则,给出了可代表整体模型局部特征的不同边界子系统的稳定性条件解析解。通过对比分析不同计算区域的稳定性条件及其影响因素,证明了整体模型的稳定性由角点子系统控制。在此基础上,获得了含黏弹性人工边界的整体模型在显示动力计算中的统一稳定性判别准则和简化实用计算方法。在实际应用中,令积分时间步长满足稳定性条件,即可顺利完成整体模型的动力计算。以上研究可为将黏弹性人工边界应用于显式动力计算时积分时间步长的合理选取提供参考。     

A high‐order alternating direction implicit method for the unsteady convection‐dominated diffusion problem

A high‐order alternating direction implicit (ADI) method for solving the unsteady convection‐dominated diffusion equation is developed. The fourth‐order Padé scheme is used for the discretization of the convection terms, while the second‐order Padé scheme is used for the diffusion terms. The Crank–Nicolson scheme and ADI factorization are applied for time integration. After ADI factorization, the two‐dimensional problem becomes a sequence of one‐dimensional problems. The solution procedure consists of multiple use of a one‐dimensional tridiagonal matrix algorithm that produces a computationally cost‐effective solver. Von Neumann stability analysis is performed to show that the method is unconditionally stable. An unsteady two‐dimensional problem concerning convection‐dominated propagation of a Gaussian pulse is studied to test its numerical accuracy and compare it to other high‐order ADI methods. The results show that the overall numerical accuracy can reach third or fourth order for the convection‐dominated diffusion equation depending on the magnitude of diffusivity, while the computational cost is much lower than other high‐order numerical methods. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.