结晶紫在纳米磷化镓粉体表面吸附的表面增强拉曼光谱分析

利用Raman光谱对结晶紫(Crystal Violet,CV)在纳米磷化镓(GaP)粉体表面的吸附状态进行了分析.结果表明:与普通拉曼散射谱(Normal Raman Scattering,NRS)相比,结晶紫表面增强拉曼散射(Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering,SERS)谱的4种振动模式,即:中央键的呼吸振动、环-C -环面外弯曲振动、环C-H面外弯曲振动以及N-环伸缩振动,在纳米GaP粉体表面得到增强;通过分析吸附前后结晶紫拉曼散射峰相对强度的变化,确定了结晶紫在纳米GaP粉体表面的吸附取向,并对其表面增强散射机理进行了探讨.     

表面修饰的钛酸钡的拉曼光谱

采用水热法制得表面包裹有十二烷基苯磺酸(DBS)和硬脂酸(St)的BaTiO₃纳米粒子，平均粒径均为60nm左右.拉曼光谱检测结果表明，样品的确为表面包裹有表面活性剂(DBS或St)的BaTiO₃纳米粒子集合体.与未包裹的相比，各光学声子模对应的拉曼振动模式峰均发生了蓝移.还发现不同的包裹体，所导致的蓝移值也不同.从纳米粒子的表面结构及包裹层的压力出发对此现象进行了定性解释和讨论. 关键词： 拉曼光谱 3纳米粒子')" href="#">DBS/ BaTiO₃纳米粒子 蓝移     

AAO模板法制备CdS纳米微粒的SERS光谱研究

在自制的孔径约15nm多孔氧化铝模板上沉积银纳米粒子,然后用电化学方法在此衬底上沉积CdS纳米微粒。研究了CdS纳米阵列在457.5nm波长激光激发下的表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)性质。实验结果显示CdS的SERS信号有三个振动模式,分别对应1LO、2LO和3LO纵光学声子模,它们的强度随着作为SERS衬底的银纳米粒子高度的增加而增强,当银纳米粒子的长/径比(长度与直径的比值)达到4时,这种增强趋近饱和。最后对CdS纳米微粒光学声子模的增强机理进行了分析和讨论。     

Nd:Y3Al5O12单晶及纳米粉体的Raman光谱分析

测量了YAG(Y3Al5O12)/Nd:YAG单晶、Nd:YAG前驱物及其在不同温度下煅烧获得粉体的拉曼光谱,对谱峰的振动模式进行了指认,对结果进行了分析.Nd:YAG前驱物在煅烧时,有一个由非晶态向晶态的转化过程;700℃下烧结前驱物获得非晶态产物的结构中含有AlO4四面体结构;随着煅烧温度的升高,拉曼光谱的变化主要表现在两个方面:一是谱峰半高宽(FWHM)减小,谱峰强度增大;二是一些拉曼光谱谱峰发生了频移,这是纳米多晶粉体的界面组元的有序度提高所致.另外,800℃下煅烧获得的Nd:YAG纳米粉体的品格振动模式与Nd:YAG晶体的晶格振动模式存在差异,这是纳米多晶粉体的界面组元的贡献所致.     

红细胞内吞银包金纳米颗粒的实时表面增强喇曼研究

研究了结晶紫包裹的银包金纳米粒子进入红细胞的实时过程.利用激光光镊喇曼技术每隔20s通过光镊囚禁红细胞并收集该细胞及邻近溶液的喇曼光谱,抽取光谱中具代表性的特征峰来观察其强度随时间的变化.结果表明:从囚禁的红细胞中收集到的光谱包括了归属红细胞与结晶紫的特征峰.红细胞的光谱特征峰1 001、1 128、1 213cm-1和结晶紫的光谱特征峰915、1 177、1 389、1 586、1 619cm-1的强度随着时间增加,表明在红细胞与纳米粒子共培养的过程中,纳米粒子在红细胞中累积,并引起红细胞信号增强.分析红细胞与其邻近溶液的光谱差,发现归属结晶紫的光谱特征峰913、1 179、1 586cm-1随时间呈类余弦的变化,表明红细胞内的结晶紫包裹的银包金纳米粒子含量先升高后降低再升高.通过计算得到纳米粒子开始进入红细胞的时间范围及进入的速度、被溶酶体降解的速度.研究表明表面增强喇曼技术为研究外物进入细胞提供了新的实验方法和思路.     

一种简单的方法制备SERS基底用于染料分子的富集、降解与检测

用一种简单的方法制备银纳米粒子, 研究了此纳米粒子作为SERS基底、吸附剂和光催化剂的多功能性。在光照条件下研究其对染料分子的光催化性能, 用紫外光谱和表面增强拉曼光谱对整个光催化过程进行动态跟踪检测, 实验结果表明染料分子光照条件下确实被催化降解了。本实验不仅合成了多功能的基底材料, 还赋予了表面增强拉曼光谱新的应用价值, 为光催化实验提供了新的动态跟踪检测方法。     

碱性品红分子在纳米磷化镓粒子表面的吸附取向(英文)

利用表面增强拉曼光谱,初步确定了吸附于纳米磷化镓(GaP)粉体表面的碱性品红分子的取向。在295K时,将50 mg GaP粉体分别置于50 ml,4.7×10-3M和50 ml,4.74×10-6M碱性品红水溶液中。对由较高浓度溶液形成的吸附系统持续搅拌24小时;而对极稀溶液吸附系统则连续搅拌处理7天。在经过过滤、干燥处理后,吸附有染料分子的GaP粉体被直接用于碱性品红的表面拉曼光谱测试。通过对染料分子中央碳原子呼吸振动和氮-苯环伸缩振动模式的相对强度进行分析可知:在较高浓度的溶液中,染料分子主要以一种混合取向方式吸附于GaP粉体表面上,即“端基接触”和“平躺”两种方式;而在极稀溶液中,染料分子则仅以“端基接触”方式吸附于GaP粉体表面上。     

Ba_(1-x)Sr_xTiO_3相结构的拉曼光谱研究

本文测定了不同Sr含量的钛酸锶钡(Ba1-xSrxTiO3)纳米晶的拉曼光谱,发现了随着Sr含量的增加,517cm-1[E(TO)与A1(TO)]光学声子模劈裂为双峰和相对低频声子模向低频漂移,而相对高频声子模向高频漂移现象。当x=0.4时,软模解冻,Ba1-xSrxTiO3铁电相不能维持而呈现顺电相结构。     

Nd∶Y_3Al_5O_(12)单晶及纳米粉体的Raman光谱分析

测量了YAG（Y3Al5O12）/Nd∶YAG单晶、Nd∶YAG前驱物及其在不同温度下煅烧获得粉体的拉曼光谱,对谱峰的振动模式进行了指认,对结果进行了分析。Nd∶YAG前驱物在煅烧时,有一个由非晶态向晶态的转化过程;700℃下烧结前驱物获得非晶态产物的结构中含有AlO4四面体结构;随着煅烧温度的升高,拉曼光谱的变化主要表现在两个方面：一是谱峰半高宽（FWHM）减小,谱峰强度增大;二是一些拉曼光谱谱峰发生了频移,这是纳米多晶粉体的界面组元的有序度提高所致。另外,800℃下煅烧获得的Nd∶YAG纳米粉体的晶格振动模式与Nd∶YAG晶体的晶格振动模式存在差异,这是纳米多晶粉体的界面组元的贡献所致。     

镶嵌在SiO2薄膜中InAs纳米颗粒的Raman散射

对镶嵌在SiO2 薄膜中纳米InAs颗粒的Raman散射谱进行了研究 .与大块InAs晶体相比 ,InAs纳米颗粒的Raman散射谱具有相似的特征 ,即由纵光学声子模和横光学声子模组成 ,但是散射峰宽化并红移 .用声子限域效应解释了散射峰的红移现象 ,并结合InAs纳米颗粒的应力效应解释了红移量与理论值的差异 .     

纳米GaP粉体反射光谱的测量及其分析

通过测量纳米磷化镓(GaP)粉体在紫外可见光波段(200-800nm)的反射光谱,运用三流理论由反射光谱计算出纳米GaP粉体的吸收系数(Ea)和散射系数(Es)的比值(Ea/Es)。纳米GaP粉体的反射光谱的形状主要受吸收的影响,即GaP禁带结构的影响。     

吸附于纳米磷化镓粉体表面碱性品红的拉曼光谱(英文)

本文中,对吸附于纳米磷化镓(GaP)粉体表面的碱性品红拉曼光谱进行了研究。通过将吸附碱性品红与纯碱性品红晶体样品的拉曼光谱进行对比、分析可知,碱性品红在纳米GaP粉体表面发生了化学吸附。在吸附碱性品红样品的拉曼光谱中,位于1200~1320cm-1范围内的光谱特征表明可能有新的化学键(P-O-C+或Ga-O-C+)形成。碱性品红分子的中央碳正离子(C+)与GaP表面具有孤对电子的氧原子形成配位键。红外光谱结果表明,氧原子与纳米GaP粉体表面的磷原子或镓原子键合,以P-O,Ga-O或P-O-Ga形式存在于GaP表面。碱性品红分子的呼吸振动,N-苯环伸缩振动,以及苯环C-C伸缩振动散射强度与纯碱性品红晶体样品相比皆有所增强。N-苯环伸缩振动散射强度增加意味着N原子是除C+离子以外的另一个可以与GaP表面发生化学作用的活性中心,这种化学作用是由N原子与GaP表面存在共轭效应造成的。     

Effects of NiTiO3 nanoparticles supported by mesoporous MCM-41 on photoreduction of methylene blue under UV and visible light irradiation

In this work, we report the synthesis of nickel titanate nanoparticles loaded on nanomesoporous MCM-41 nanoparticles to determine the effect of MCM-41 nanoparticles on the photocatalytic activities of nickel titanate (NiTiO₃) nanoparticles by using simple solid-state dispersion (SSD) method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV–Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS) analysis were used to characterize the size and morphology of the obtained nanocomposite. The photocatalytic activity (PA) of the as-prepared NiTiO₃ loaded on MCM-41 was evaluated by degradation of the methylene blue under irradiation of UV and visible light. The results showed that NiTiO₃ loaded on nanosize MCM-41 has higher photocatalytic activity than that of NiTiO₃ nanoparticles.     

56Fe13+离子引起GaP晶体的微结构损伤

利用X射线衍射（XRD）技术、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和Raman光谱对经不同剂量的56Fe13+离子辐照的GaP晶体的微结构进行了表征。结果表明:随着辐照离子剂量的增加,GaP晶体中产生了局部的无序与缺陷。随着56Fe13+离子剂量的增加,Raman光谱展示出振动峰强度逐渐减弱而且一些逐渐消失,但其峰位几乎没有发生变化;XRD显示出GaP晶体的衍射峰的强度逐渐减小;FTIR主要表现为宽化及其强度增加。这表明重离子56Fe13+的辐照使得GaP晶体中的缺陷与无序性增加,导致晶体产生了局部的非晶化。The Misconstructural damage of GaP irradiated with 56Fe13+ to fluences ranging from 1×107 ions/cm2~1×1010 ions/cm2 were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. The result shows that, with the increase of irradiation ion fluences, local disorder and defects were produced in GaP crystal. With the increase of ion fluence, Raman spectra reveal the intensity of scattering peaks gradually weakens and some scattering peaks gradually disappear, however no changes in the peak position were found. XRD measurement displays that the intensity of diffraction peaks gradually decreases with an increase in ions fluences. Result from FTIR spectra exhibits that the intensity of reflection peaks gradually increases and the FWHM of reflection peaks broadens. These phenomena indicate that, the irradiation of heavy-ion Fe produces defects and disorder in GaP crystal, leading to a local amorphization.     

Ag/TiO2纳米材料的制备和光致变色性能研究

 采用光催化还原法在不同温度热处理的TiO2薄膜表面沉积Ag纳米颗粒,制备了Ag/TiO2纳米薄膜材料。通过UV-Vis吸收光谱表征对比了不同温度热处理的TiO2对Ag粒子光催化沉积的影响,发现500℃退火处理TiO2薄膜较利于Ag纳米粒子的光催化沉积;在650 nm红色激光照射下,500℃退火处理的Ag/TiO2样品具有明显的光致变色现象,对此变色过程中涉及的机理进行了讨论,且发现随着Ag纳米颗粒光催化沉积时间的增长,Ag/TiO2薄膜光致变色的响应速率提高,但Ag纳米颗粒过多会抑制Ag/TiO2薄膜的变色响应速率。     

Study of radiation-induced damage to type III–V semiconductor compounds irradiated with γ quanta and protons using positron annihilation spectroscopy

The effect of proton and ?? radiation on characteristics of the spectra for the angular distribution of annihilation photons (ADAP) have been studied in the case of positron annihilation in GaAs and GaP single crystals. Relative variations in defect accumulation and annealing under irradiation and subsequent isochronous annealing of the samples have been studied using variations in the basic parameters of the ADAP spectra. In both cases (GaAs and GaP), the variations in the ADAP spectral parameters as functions of the annealing temperature have a steplike character, which is interpreted as the formation of a certain type of defects with different annealing activation energies.     

Photochemical synthesis of ZnO/Ag nanocomposites

Composite ZnO/Ag nanoparticles have been formed via the photocatalytic reduction of silver nitrate over the ZnO nanocrystals, their optical, electrophysical and photochemical properties have been investigated. Mie theory has been applied to analyze the structure of the absorption spectra of ZnO/Ag nanocomposite. The irradiation effects upon the optical properties of ZnO/Ag nanostructure have been investigated. It has been found that the irradiation of ZnO/Ag nanoparticles results in electrons accumulation by both the semiconductor and the metallic components of the nanocomposite. It has been found that silver nitrate can be photochemically deposited onto the surface of ZnO nanoparticles under the illumination with the visible light in the presence of the sensitizer – methylene blue. Kinetics of the sensitized Ag(I) photoredution has been studied. It has been concluded that the key stage of this process is the electron injection from singlet-excited methylene blue molecule into ZnO nanoparticle.     

Probe into the reflection from GaP nanoparticles via different solutions of radiative transfer equation

The reflection and absorption spectra of gallium phosphide (GaP) nanoparticles were measured. The radiative transfer equation (RTE) for the medium with scattering and absorption is solved by three different solutions. The ratio of the absorption and scattering coefficients (E _a/E _s) of the GaP nanoparticles layer is calculated from the reflection spectrum via the three solutions, respectively, and the result derived with the three-flux model is closest to the exact solution given by Giovanelli. The E _a/E _s curves all exhibit the energy band gaps of GaP nanoparticles, which are consistent with the absorption spectrum measurement. The shape of the reflection spectrum is mainly determined by the absorption, and the scattering only influences its intensity. The energy band structure of the powder sample plays an important role in the reflection phenomenon, and the reflectance data can be used for quantitative analyses.     

Raman scattering from surface optical phonon mode in gallium phosphide nanomaterials

The Raman scattering from gallium phosphide (GaP) nanoparticles (~53 nm) and nanosolids has been investigated. By means of Lorentzian fitting of the Raman scattering spectra, a surface optical phonon (SO) peak located between the transverse optical (TO) phonon and longitudinal optical (LO) phonon frequencies became observable. It has been proved by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) that a core-shell heterostructure is characteristic of the structure of GaP nanoparticles. According to electromagnetic theory, the SO frequency of the piezoelectric/semiconductor heterostructural nanomaterials was calculated.     

Raman scattering from GaP nanowires

A complete Raman study of GaP nanowires is presented. By comparison with the Raman spectra of GaP bulk material, microcrystals and nanoparticles, we give evidence that the Raman spectrum is affected by the one-dimensional shape of the nanowires. The Raman spectrum is sensitive to the polarization of the laser light. A specific shape of the overtones located between 600 and 800 cm^-1 is actually a signature of the nanowires. Some phonon confinement and thermal behavior is also observed for nanowires.