微波辅助提取3种秦岭产药材贯众属植物中黄酮类化合物

研究了微波辅助提取3种贯众属植物中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺.考察了微波辐射时间、微波功率、乙醇浓度及其料液比等因素对提取率的影响,在单因素试验的基础上进行正交试验优化工艺为:料液比为1,30(g/mL),乙醇浓度为80%.微波功率为800W,微波处理时间为8min,在此条件下,总黄酮提取率可达到0.623%.比较不同地区3...     

微波辅助提取刺梨中总黄酮的工艺参数优化

以刺梨果实为原料,对微波辅助提取刺梨中的总黄酮的工艺进行研究,采用单因素试验法对影响微波辅助提取刺梨果实中总黄酮的影响因素进行分析,利用正交试验优化提取总黄酮的工艺条件。研究表明,微波辅助提取刺梨总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为:料液比1:20(g/mL),乙醇浓度60%,微波萃取功率400W,微波辐射时间3min。最佳工艺条件下的总黄酮的提取率为1.39%。     

正交设计优选豆腐柴叶总黄酮的微波提取工艺

采用微波法提取豆腐柴叶总黄酮.以总黄酮提取率为考察指标,在单因素试验基础上,采用正交设计方法优选最佳提取工艺.结果显示,最佳工艺条件为乙醇浓度为70％,料液比为1∶25(g/mL),微波提取时间6min,微波功率400W,总黄酮平均提取率为6.32％.     

微波辅助萃取法提取菟丝子总黄酮的最佳工艺

设计单因素和正交试验,采用微波快速反应系统对菟丝子进行提取,以芦丁为对照品,采用紫外分光光度法测定菟丝子中总黄酮的含量,以总黄酮的含量为考察指标,考察微波功率、提取时间、提取温度、乙醇浓度及料液比对总黄酮提取量的影响,优选最佳提取工艺。结果表明,微波辅助萃取法提取菟丝子总黄酮的最佳工艺条件为：乙醇体积分数70%、提取温度80℃、提取时间30min、料液比1∶20（g/mL）。     

白僵蚕多糖成分的释放方法探讨

白僵蚕是重要的中药材,采用微波辅助法释放白僵蚕的多糖成分。以白僵蚕多糖提取率为评价指标,采用微波辅助法提取分离白僵蚕多糖,用单因素实验法对影响多糖得率的料液比、微波功率、照射时间、提取次数4个因素进行了分析,用正交试验法优化白僵蚕多糖的提取工艺条件,提取白僵蚕多糖成分的最佳条件为：料液比1∶30、微波功率480W、提取次数3次、照射时间60s。在此提取条件下白僵蚕多糖干料的提取率为11.51%。     

峨嵋岩白菜叶和根状茎总黄酮提取工艺研究

采用微波辅助提取法,以总黄酮含量为考察指标,通过单因素实验和正交试验优选出峨嵋岩白菜叶和根状茎总黄酮微波最佳提取工艺。实验结果表明,峨嵋岩白菜叶中总黄酮提取的最佳工艺条件为：乙醇浓度60%,料液比1∶30,微波时间60s/次,微波功率480W,提取次数为3次,黄酮含量为15.181mg/g;根状茎中总黄酮最佳工艺条件为：乙醇浓度60%,料液比1：20,微波时间75s/次,微波功率480W,提取次数为2次,黄酮含量为2.066mg/g。峨嵋岩白菜叶中总黄酮含量较根状茎中丰富,微波辅助提取法适合峨嵋岩白菜有效成分的提取。     

山楂总黄酮提取及其抗氧化作用

用微波提取法提取山楂总黄酮,探讨最佳提取条件及其抗氧化活性.研究表明最佳提取工艺条件为乙醇浓度50％、提取时间20min、微波功率300W、料液比1∶30（g/mL）,总黄酮提取率可达13.4％;并以过氧化值（POV）为指标,研究了山楂总黄酮对猪油的抗氧化性能,其抗氧化效果明显.     

废弃番茄叶中叶绿素超声-微波协同的提取工艺

利用超声-微波协同法提取废弃番茄叶中的叶绿素.通过单因素及正交试验研究了溶剂、乙醇浓度、微波功率、超声温度、超声时间、料液比、微波时间7个因素对叶绿素提取量的影响,再进行正交试验和验证实验.结果表明最佳工艺条件是:乙醇浓度90％、微波功率500W、超声温度70℃、超声时间40min、料液比1∶10(g/mL)、微波时间...     

野蔷薇根中总皂苷的提取及其抑菌作用

探讨超声-微波辅助技术提取野蔷薇根中总皂苷的最佳工艺条件,并分析其抑菌作用。采用单因素试验和正交试验,以皂苷得率为指标,分别考察微波功率、提取时间、乙醇浓度及料液比对总皂苷提取的影响,并采用平板打孔法和试管稀释法测定抗菌活性。超声-微波辅助技术提取野蔷薇根中总皂苷的最佳工艺条件为微波功率100W、乙醇浓度70％、微波时间2min、料液比1：9g／mL。野蔷薇根齐墩果酸对枯草芽孢杆菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、变形杆菌和白色黏菌均有强的抑制作用。     

回归正交试验设计优化猪苓多糖的提取工艺

以猪苓为原料,通过二次回归正交试验优化了猪苓多糖的提取工艺条件.结果表明:影响猪苓多糖提取率的因素顺序为:提取温度＞料液比＞pH＞微波提取时间＞微波功率;最佳提取工艺条件为提取时间3min,温度70.0℃,料液比1∶24.7 (g/mL),pH 6.91,微波功率400W,猪苓多糖的提取率为2.86％.     

Bioactive characterization of ultrasonicated ginger (Zingiber officinale) and licorice (Glycyrrhiza Glabra) freeze dried extracts

Ginger (Zingiber officinale) and Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.) are one of the most popular spices having a wide range of bioactive compounds that have varied biological and pharmacological properties. The study was aimed to extract polyphenols from Himalayan medicinal herbs ginger and licorice in different solvents using ultra-sonication technique. The extraction efficiency (EE) was determined, and the extracts were characterized for physical properties (particle size, colour values), total phenolics, flavonoids, antioxidant properties, and structural and morphological features. Ultra-sonicated ginger in aqueous phase had the highest EE of polyphenols (15.27%) as compared to other solvents. Similar trend was observed in licorice with EE of 30.52 % in aqueous phase followed by ethanol: water (50: 50), and methanol: water (50:50) with 28.52% and 26.39%, respectively. The preliminary screening showed the presence of tannins, phenolics, flavonoids, saponins and carbohydrates, steroids and alkaloids in all the extracts. The phenolic and flavonoid content of dried ginger was found higher in ethanolic extracts compared to fresh ones as revealed by HPLC. Similarly, for licorice, the ethanolic fractions had the highest polyphenolic content. The representative samples of ginger (ethanol: water 75:25 and ethylacetate: water 75:25) and licorice (ethanol: water 70:30 and methanol: water 50:50) were studied for FESEM and particle size. The results showed the agglomerated extract micro-particles with a diameter of 0.5–10 µm and increased particle size (ginger: 547 and 766 nm), and (licorice: 450 and 566 nm). The findings could be beneficial for the advancement of ginger and licorice processing, for the comprehension of these herbs as a source of natural antioxidants in different food formulations.     

乌拉尔甘草单粒种子硬实特性的近红外光谱分析

以乌拉尔甘草种子为材料,采用近红外光谱结合定性偏最小二乘法对244粒种子(硬实种子和非硬实种子比例为1∶1)的硬实性进行了鉴别研究,并特制一样品杯用于单粒种子的光谱采集,以降低人为误差。研究结果表明,4次重复平均光谱所建模型鉴别率显著高于单次光谱所建模型,光谱范围采用4 000～8 000 cm-1时模型效果较好,校正集、检验集、预测集样本的鉴别率分别为95.53%,95.94%和94.53%,采用不同建模样品所建模型其预测准确率均在90%以上,硬实种子和非硬实种子的预测准确率分别为92.50%和96.56%。种子大小和颜色均会影响模型的鉴别率,种子颜色的影响相对更大。     

甘草中金属元素与总黄酮含量测定与抗氧化研究

对中草药甘草中金属元素与总黄酮含量进行测定,并对其清除超氧自由基进行研究.测定结果显示,甘草中含有丰富的金属元素和黄酮类化合物,其中总黄酮为16.42%,金属元素含量为铁>锌>锰>铜,对超氧自由基具有一定的清除作用.实验结果为研究甘草治疗呼吸系统疾病及清除自由基提供了有用的数据.     

乌拉尔甘草种子硬实率的近红外光谱分析

以收获年份不同、收获地点不同的112份乌拉尔甘草种子为材料,其硬实率分布范围为0.3%～99.3%,根据3:1的比例划分校正集和检验集,采用近红外光谱技术结合定量偏最小二乘法对其硬实率进行了分析。研究结果表明,光谱范围采用5 000～6 000 cm~(-1),主成分数为6时,校正集和检验集的决定系数分别为90.85%和91.51%,相关系数分别为0.953 2和0.957 9,平均绝对误差分别为7.73%和6.96%,标准差分别为9.98和9.57。采用该方法建模时,即使采用不同的建模样品,校正集和检验集的决定系数均在90%以上,校正标准差和预测标准差在10.00左右,平均绝对误差在7.90%左右。该研究旨在利用近红外光谱法提出乌拉尔甘草种子硬实率的快速检测方法,以促进硬实种子在生产上的利用。     

模拟移动床分离异甘草素的前处理实验条件

使用正交试验结合单柱分离,对甘草黄酮原料进行前处理。正交试验优化得到的最佳萃取条件为：原料质量浓度选择30g/L,采用乙醇做提取溶剂,超声提取60min,提取温度20℃得到提取液浓度为10g/L。制备单柱采用C18为固定相,乙醇水为流动相,采用50%乙醇、70%乙醇及纯乙醇梯度洗脱,洗脱馏分经浓缩得到适合异甘草素分离的模拟移动床进样原料。     

基于无机元素特征的甘草药材分型研究

产地和生产方式是判断药材质量的重要依据,采用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)和电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法测定了不同产地、不同生产方式甘草药材样本中16种无机元素的含量。通过总体分布分析、特征元素聚类、元素逐一分析的三级分析方法,根据K,Na,Sr,Mo等元素含量的高低分布状态建立了甘草药材相关的无机元素指纹图谱;以主成分分析选定的特征元素进行的聚类分析结果与甘草样品的生长方式相一致;逐一比较不同样品间元素差异结果表明,Mo和Sr元素的组合不仅可以作为甘草样品生长方式的分类依据,还可以作为甘草产地区分的判断标准,Na/P,K/Ca两对元素比可以作为评价不同生产方式的参考依据,初步揭示了无机元素在这几种甘草类型间的差异规律。     

复杂中药体系色谱分离过程中进样条件的优化与预测

以甘草提取物为原料,甘草苷为目标组分,对复杂中药体系色谱分离过程中的进样条件进行优化。以70%产品纯度下甘草苷的回收率y为目标函数,以进样纯度x1和进样浓度x2为自变量,提出4种模型,并采用计算模拟及回归分析的方法得出模型参数,得到复杂甘草提取物色谱进样条件的非线性模型为y=63.61x10.204x2-0.09。结合分析预测结果,对甘草苷进行了分离纯化。     

Ultrasound-assisted deep eutectic solvents extraction of glabridin and isoliquiritigenin from Glycyrrhiza glabra: Optimization,extraction mechanism and in vitro bioactivities

Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) is extensively used owing to the superior pharmacological effects. However, its maximum application potential has not been fully exploited due to the limitation of currently available extraction solvent and methods. In this study, an eco-friendly deep eutectic solvent (NADESs) based ultrasound-assisted extraction (DES-UAE) method was applied to prepare licorice extracts. The DES-UAE using choline chloride and lactic acid as solvent was optimized and modeled by using response surface methodology to maximize the extraction yields of glabridin (GLA) and isoliquiritigenin (ISL). The optimized extracts possessed higher contents of GLA and ISL than available extraction methods, and the enriched products showed superior pharmacological activities in vitro. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and molecular dynamic simulation analyses were performed to deeply investigate the interaction between solvent and targeted compounds. This study not only provides an eco-friendly method for high-efficient extraction of GLA and ISL from licorice but also illustrates the mechanism of the increased extraction efficacy, which may contribute to the application of licorice and deep insight into extraction mechanism using DES.     

正交设计优选银杏黄酮苷的超声提取条件

使用正交设计优化超声提取银杏黄酮苷的工艺条件。得到的最佳提取条件为:对于1g原料,采用60%乙醇水作提取溶剂,盐酸调节其pH值为4.5,在温度50℃下超声提取40min,黄酮苷的平均提取率为81.38%。该工艺简单、无污染且重复性好,适合大量制备银杏黄酮苷。     

Extraction of phenolics and anthocyanins from purple eggplant peels by multi-frequency ultrasound: Effects of different extraction factors and optimization using uniform design

In this work, multi-frequency ultrasound (working modes for the single-, dual- and tri-frequency in simultaneous ways) was applied to extract bioactive compounds from purple eggplant peels. The single-factor experiments were performed by varying six independent variables. A six-level-five-factor uniform design (UD) was further employed to evaluate the interaction effects between different factors. It was found that extraction temperature and extraction time significantly affected the total phenolic content (TPC), whereas the total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA) was mainly influenced by ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and solid-liquid ratio. Based on partial least-squares (PLS) regression analysis, the optimal conditions for TPC extraction were: 53.6 % ethanol concentration, 0.336 mm particle size, 44.5 °C extraction temperature, 35.2 min extraction time, 1:43 g/mL solid-liquid ratio, and similar optimal conditions were also obtained for TMA. Furthermore, the TPC and TMA extraction were investigated by ultrasound in different frequencies and power levels. Compared with single-frequency (40 kHz) and dual-frequency ultrasound (25 + 40 kHz), the extraction yield of TPC and TMA with tri-frequency ultrasound (25 + 40 + 70 kHz) increased by 23.65 % and 18.76 % respectively, which suggested the use of multi-frequency ultrasound, especially tri-frequency ultrasound, is an efficient strategy to improve the TPC and TMA extracts in purple eggplant peels.