First-Principles Calculations on Electronic,Chemical Bonding and Optical Properties of Cubic Hf_3N_4

Electronic,chemical bonding and optical properties of cubic Hf 3N4(c-Hf3N4) are calculated using the firstprinciples based on the density functional theory(DFT).The optimized lattice parameter is in good agreement with the available experimental and calculational values.Band structure shows that c-Hf3N4 has direct band gap.Densities of states(DOS) and charge densities indicate that the bonding between Hf and N is ionic.The optical properties including complex dielectric function,refractive index,extinction coefficient,absorption coefficient,and reflectivity are predicted.From the theory of crystal-field and molecular-orbital bonding,the optical transitions of c-Hf3N4 affected by the electronic structure and molecular orbital are studied.It is found that the absorptive transitions of c-Hf3N4 compound are predominantly composed of the transitions from NT22p valence bands to HfT2(dxy,dxz,dyz) conduction bands.     

多原子半无限晶体中表面极化子的内部激发态

研究多原子半无限晶体中电子与表面光学(SO)声子耦合强,而与体纵光学(LO)声子耦合弱的极化子的激发态性质.采用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法导出与SO声子耦合强而与LO声子耦合弱情形下极化子的基态能量、第一内部激发态能量和激发能量.结果表明,多原子半无限晶体中与SO声子耦合强,而与LO声子耦合弱的极化子的基态能量、第一内部激发态能量不仅包含不同支LO声子和不同支SO声子与电子耦合的能量,而且也包含不同支SO声子之间相互作用贡献的附加能量.激发能量与体纵光学声子无关.     

Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of Cu[C(CN)3]2 and Mn[C(CN)3]2 Based on First Principles

The electronic structure and the magnetic properties of the molecule-based ferromagnets Cu[C(CN)₃]₂ and Mn[C(CN)₃]₂ are studied accordingto first principles within density-functional theory (DFT) and the full potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method. The total energy, atomic spin magnetic moments, and density of states (DOS) of Cu[C(CN)₃]₂ and Mn[C(CN)₃]₂ are all calculated. The calculations reveal that the compounds have a stable ferromagnetic ground state and half-metallic properties. The total spin magnetic moment is 1.0 μ_B for Cu[C(CN)₃]₂ and 5.0 μ_B for Mn[C(CN)₃]₂ per molecule, the magnetic moment mainly comes from metal atoms, although there is a slight contribution from N and C atoms.     

黑龙江穆棱地区宝石级石榴石的宝石学及谱学特征

对黑龙江穆棱新生代玄武岩产出的宝石级石榴石进行了宝石学常规测试、电子探针测试、拉曼光谱、红外光谱和紫外-可见光谱测试,以获得该区石榴石的宝石学特征和谱学特征。化学成分分析表明,该区石榴石为镁铝榴石,含有Fe,Ca,Mn,Cr,Ti等杂质元素。其平均晶体结构化学式为 (Mn_0.022Ca_0.455, Fe2+_0.720, Mg_1.793)_∑=2.990(Ti_0.003Cr_0.009Fe3+_0.062Al_1.951)_∑=2.025(SiO₄)₃。拉曼光谱分析表明该区石榴石存在混合相,由石榴石桥氧振动引起的拉曼位移峰反映出该特征。镁铝榴石桥氧弯曲振动拉曼位移峰位于560 cm-1(A₁g模)和641 cm-1(E_g+F₂g模),钙铝榴石和铁铝榴石桥氧弯曲振动E_g+F₂g模形成的拉曼位移峰分别位于507和486 cm-1。官能团区红外光谱显示该区镁铝榴石中不存在分子水,但少数镁铝榴石中存在少量的结构水,它们在3 585,3 566和3 544 cm-1处形成阶梯状的弱小吸收峰。该区镁铝榴石多为褐红色,其颜色由杂质离子Cr3+,Fe3+,Mn2+产生。紫外-可见吸收光谱显示,Fe3+的电子跃迁致570,521和502 nm吸收峰,Mn2+的电子跃迁致460和430 nm吸收峰,Cr3+电子跃迁致690和367 nm吸收峰。     

Anomalous Optical and Electronic Properties of CaTiO3 Perovskites

With the help of the first-prlnciples full potential linearized augmented plane wave method, absorption coefficients, reflect/vity, dielectric behavior and electronic properties, including electronic energy bands, density of states and charge density distributions, are studied for the tetragonal and cubic CaTiO3. By considering the thermal expansion effects, an approximate method is proposed for the study of the stability of ground state and a tendency of phase transition, based on the minimum free energy principle. Subsequently, numerical calculations are carried out by using the first-principles perturbation method. We demonstrate that the high-temperature phase is cubic. It is shown that optical spectra in tetragonal phase exhibit single-peak feature and differ from multi-peak character in cubic. We find that strong orbital hybridization results in the co-valent bonds between Ti 3d and O 2p electrons and forms two-type dipoles （Ti-Ol and Ti-02） in tetragonal, while the Ti-O dipoles are identical in cubic. It is argued that crystal structure determines the dipole distributions and leads to some electron states among which the dipole-dipole transit/on forbidden is a key, causing such anomalous optical phenomena with the insulator characteristics. The predicted charge density distribution and the tendency of phase transition from tetragonal to cubic are in good agreement with experimental observations.     

Phonon Dispersion and Thermodynamics Properties of CaF2 via Shell Model Molecular Dynamics Simulations

The phonon and thermodynamics properties of face-centered cubic CaF2 at high pressure and high temperature are investigated by using the shell model interatomic pair potential within General Utility Lattice Program （GULP）. The phonon dispersion curves and the corresponding density of state （PDOS） in this work are consistent with the experimental data and other theoretical results. The transverse optical （TO） and longitudinal optical （LO） mode splitting as well as heat capacity at constant volume Cv and entropy S versus pressure and temperature are also obtained.     

Structural,Electronic, and Optical Properties of Cubic Y<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript>: First-Principles Calculations

Structural, electronic, and optical properties of cubic Y₂O₃ were studied using the plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential technique based on the first-principles density-functional theory (DFT). The ground-state properties were calculated and these results were in good agreement with the previous work. Furthermore, in order to understand the optical properties of cubic Y₂O₃, the complex dielectric function, refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical reflectivity, absorption coefficient, energy-loss function, and complex conductivity function were calculated, which were in favorable agreement with the theoretical and experimental values. We explained the origin of the absorption peaks using the theories of crystal-field and molecular-orbital bonding and investigated the relation between electronic structure and optical properties.     

Ab initio study of structural, electronic and optical properties of MnHg(SCN)4 and FeHg(SCN)4

 The structural, electronic and optical properties of MnHg(SCN)₄ and FeHg(SCN)₄ were studied by means of quantum-mechanical calculations based on the density-functional theory and pseudopotential method. The lattice constants can be compared with the experimental values when the effects of temperature are considered. The peaks of partial density of states of S, C, N and Hg of FeHg(SCN)₄ have a tendency of shifting to the higher energy levels relative to those of MnHg(SCN)₄. The distributions of the 3d electronic states in the transition metal atoms show quite large difference and decide different optical properties. We found that absorptional peaks of FeHg(SCN)₄ lag behind those of MnHg(SCN)₄ and the peak in the infrared range has a higher absorptional intensity, which are in accord with the experimental results. By analyzing the distributions and transitions of the 3d electronic states, we explained the different absorption phenomena.     

立方KCaF_3电子、弹性和光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论和赝势平面波近似法计算研究了立方钙钛矿KCaF_3的弹性、电子和光学性质.基态时,KCaF_3平衡晶格常数、体积弹性模量和实验及其他计算值一致.根据Hooke定律和Christoffel方程,研究了KCaF_3弹性常数Cij、体积弹性模量B、各向同性波速和弹性各向性异性因子随压力的变化关系.从电子能带理论出发,计算得到了KCaF_3电子能带、态密度和Milliken电荷布居数,并对其电子性质进行了详细分析.结果显示:立方钙钛矿KCaF_3为直接带隙绝缘体材料,其禁带宽度为6.22 e V;电荷主要从Ca和K原子向F原子转移;立方钙钛矿KCaF_3属于纯粹的共价型化合物.同时,本文还计算研究了KCaF_3的光学介电函数、吸收系数、复折射率、能量损失谱和反射系数等光学性质.     

立方KCaF3电子、弹性和光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论和赝势平面波近似法计算研究了立方钙钛矿KCaF3的弹性、电子和光学性质。基态时,KCaF3平衡晶格常数、体积弹性模量和其他计实验和算值一致。根据Hooke定律和Christoffel方程,研究了KCaF3弹性常数Cij、体积弹性模量B、各向同性波速和弹性各向性异性因子随压力的变化关系。从电子能带理论出发,计算得到了KCaF3电子能带、态密度和Milliken电荷布居数,并对其电子性质进行了详细分析。结果显示：立方钙钛矿KCaF3为直接带隙绝缘体材料,其禁带宽度为6.22eV;电荷主要从Ca和K原子向F原子转移;立方钙钛矿KCaF3属于纯粹的共价型化合物。同时,本文还计算研究了KCaF3的光学介电函数、吸收系数、复折射率、能量损失谱和反射系数等光学性质。     

畸形钙钛矿DyMnO3电子结构与光学性质的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的广义梯度近似对畸形钙钛矿DyMnO₃的基态电子结构及光学性质进行计算和分析.结果表明优化的晶体结构参数与实验结果相符合,DyMnO₃具有非间接带隙大小为0.91 eV的能带结构,结合态密度分析了各元素价电子态的分布.计算分析包括介电常数,吸收系数,反射率等光学性质.     

磁约束电感耦合等离子体增强溅射沉积Co掺杂ZnO薄膜及其光学特性

采用磁约束电感耦合等离子体增强溅射法(ICP-PVD)在Si(100)和石英玻璃衬底上沉积了Zn_0.95Co_0.05O薄膜。XRD谱显示薄膜具有较强的(002)衍射峰,表明Zn_0.95Co_0.05O薄膜为c轴择优取向生长;透过光谱显示Zn_0.95Co_0.05O薄膜具有良好的透过性,其在可见光和红外波段的平均透过率大于80%,吸收光谱表明Co²⁺取代了Zn²⁺处于四配位晶体场中;喇曼光谱证明Zn_0.95Co_0.05O薄膜具有良好的六方纤锌矿结构;室温PL谱测量发现在可见光的蓝光波段和绿光波段存在较宽的发光带,却没有发现本征的近紫外光发射,这是由于Co掺杂后引入较多的缺陷导致的。     

First-principles study of the structural,elastic, mechanical,electronic, and optical properties of cubic Mg<Subscript>2</Subscript>TiO<Subscript>4</Subscript>

We have performed ab-initio total energy calculations using the plane-wave ultrasoft pseudopotential technique based on the first-principles density-functional theory (DFT) to study structural, elastic, mechanical, electronic, and optical properties of cubic Mg₂TiO₄. The calculated lattice parameter a is in good agreement with the experimental values. The independent elastic constants are calculated. The mechanical properties including bulk, shear and Young’s modulus, Poisson’s coefficient, compressibility and Lamé’s constants are obtained using the Voigt-Reuss-Hill method. Debye temperature is estimated using the Debye-Grüneisen model. Band structure, density of states and charge densities are shown and analyzed. In order to clarify the mechanism of optical transitions of cubic Mg₂TiO₄, the complex dielectric function, refractive index, extinction coefficient, reflectivity, absorption coefficient, loss function and complex conductivity function are calculated.     

双酰胺配体铕和铽混合固态配合物的光谱研究

在氯仿和乙酸乙酯溶液中合成了以1,6-二[(2’-苄胺甲酰基)苯甲氧基]己烷(L)为配体的硝酸铕和硝酸铽配合物,以及不同摩尔比的铕和铽的共沉淀配合物,又按不同的摩尔比将单一的硝酸铕和硝酸铽配合物通过研磨混合,得到混合固态的铕铽配合物。通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、XPS 光电子能谱对配合物进行了表征,结果表明：单一稀土硝酸盐与配体形成的是2∶3型的配合物;所有的配合物都具有相似的配位结构;与单一稀土配合物相比,相同摩尔比的混合配合物的紫外吸收有所降低;混合配合物中发生了一定的化学键合作用,电子结合能有变化。通过荧光光谱对这些配合物的荧光性质进行了详细的研究, 表明与单一的铕和铽配合物相比,两种混合固态配合物无论是荧光发射峰位还是荧光强度均发生了明显变化,铽对铕的荧光强度有很强的敏化作用,铕对铽的荧光强度有猝灭作用。在紫外灯的照射下,共沉淀配合物的荧光颜色随着摩尔比的变化呈现有规律的变化。     

An empirical study of the Mn partial density of states in icosahedral Al70Pd20Mn10

Using the line-shape analysis of the Mn 2p_3/23d3d Auger transitions and by observing the Mn 3p→3d transitions in electron energy-loss spectroscopy, we have studied the local density of electronic states of the crystalline cubic and the quasicrystalline icosahedral phases of Al₇₀Pd₂₀Mn₁₀. We find that, in the cubic phase the Mn 3d states coincide with the Fermi level E_F, but in the quasicrystalline state the Mn 3d band is fully occupied and shifted to lower binding energies causing a significant reduction in the density of states at E_F.     

1,8-萘酰亚胺类衍生物的结构特性对其吸收和发射光谱影响的密度泛函研究

利用B3LYP/6-31G(d)方法优化了一系列N取代1,8-萘酰亚胺类物质的结构,利用含时密度泛函TD-B3LYP/6-31+G(d)方法及C-PCM模式,计算了它们在气相及二氯甲烷溶剂中的吸收和发射光谱。利用计算得出的前线轨道电子云分布及其对应的能级对它们的取代基对电子吸收光谱的影响进行了讨论。结果表明：此种方法计算出的二氯甲烷溶剂中的1,8-萘酰亚胺的吸收光谱与实验光谱比较吻和。取代CO基团的CN基团及其成环在吸收光谱和发射光谱中发挥了重要的作用。酰亚胺结构上的改性即CN基团的引入及在萘环上取代基一方面引入了结构上的不对称性,导致了衍生物的偶极矩的增大;同时结构上的改性扩展了萘酰亚胺共轭结构。4位取代NO₂衍生物从基态到第一激发态的Mulliken原子电荷比5位多一些,这意味着5位取代NO₂衍生物提供了较多的电子。对N(Ph)₂ 和N(Me)₂衍生物而言,他们4位取代衍生物提供了更多的电荷。前线轨道电子云表明：OCNCN基团改性扩展和N(Me)₂, N(Ph)₂和NO₂取代基拓展了这类分子的π—π*跃迁范围,从而使得前线轨道能级差降低,它们的吸收和发射光谱也发生了一定程度的红移。对给体取代基而言,它们的4位是电子传输态;对受体取代基NO₂而言,它们的5位是电荷传输态。当NO₂基团与CO基团在同一侧及当N(Me)₂和N(Ph)₂与在CN在同一侧时,此类化合物具有较好的传导特性。从化合物1到4,吸收光谱红移了139 nm。电荷传输越明显,吸收光谱红移的就越多。OCNCO的结构改性及其电荷传输机理为今后的萘酰亚胺类物质的分子设计提供了设计理论依据。     

镎氧化物分子结构和光谱的理论研究

运用密度泛函理论(DFT)的B3LYP方法,优化了NpO,NpO_2,NpO_3和Np_2O_3分子的几何构型,分析了电子从Np到O的转移情况。结果表明:NpO,NpO_2,NpO_3和Np_2O_3的自旋多重度分别为6,2,2和9,对称性分别为C_(∞v),D_(∞h),C_(2v)和D_(3h)时相应分子处于稳定结构;对所有分子而言,分子能级在-50 eV左右的态主要由Np-6s轨道形成,在-20 eV附近的态主要由Np-6p和O-2s轨道混合组成,而大于-11 eV的态主要由Np-5f和O-2p轨道混合组成。同时,根据相关计算给出了分子基态结构的振动频率和光谱数据,并对红外光谱最大峰值的振动模式进行了指认。     

黑索金电子结构和光学性质的第一性原理研究

利用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法对黑索金晶体的电子结构和光学性质进行了计算. 结果表明: 黑索金是能隙值为3.43 eV的绝缘体, 价带主要由C, N和O的2s与2p态构成, 而导带主要由N-2p和O-2p态构成; 静态介电函数ε₁(0)=1.38, 介电常数的虚部有5个峰值, 其中最大峰值在光子能量4.59 eV处, 并对造成这些峰值的可能的电子跃迁做了详细分析. 利用能带结构和态密度分析了黑索金的光反射系数、吸收系数及能量损失函数等光学性质, 发现黑索金是对光吸收、反射及能量损失不敏感的材料. 关键词： 黑索金 第一性原理 电子结构 光学性质     

Electronic and optical properties under pressure effect of alkali metal oxides

We report results of first-principles calculations for the electronic and optical properties under pressure effect of Li₂O, Na₂O, Ki₂O and Rb₂O compounds in the cubic antifluorite structure, using a full relativistic version of the full-potential augmented plane-wave plus local orbitals (FP-APW+lo) method based on density functional theory, within the local density approximation (LDA) and the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Moreover, the alternative form of GGA proposed by Engel and Vosko (GGA-EV) is also used for band structure calculations. The calculated equilibrium lattices and bulk moduli are in good agreement with the available data. Band structure, density of states, and pressure coefficients of the fundamental energy gap are given. The critical point structure of the frequency dependent complex dielectric function is also calculated and analyzed to identify the optical transitions. The pressure dependence of the static optical dielectric constant is also investigated.     

Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Double Perovskite Ca2CrSbO6

First-principles calculations have been performed for the study of the electronic band structure and ferromagnetic properties of double perovskite Ca2CrSbO6. The density of states, total energy, spin magnetic moment, and charge density were calculated and analyzed in details. It is found that Ca2CrSbO6 has a stable ferromagnetic ground state and the spin magnetic moment per molecule is about 2.99#B. The chromium contributes the most in the total magnetic moments. The results indicate that Ca2CrSbO6 is half-metallic.