NFZ-10工业辐照电子直线加速器

 研制的电子直线加速器NFZ 10的辐照加工能力相当于30PBq的60Co源,电子束能量为4～12MeV,平均束功率为3kW,扫描宽度为1m,能量不稳定度≤±0.5%,束流不稳定度≤±0.6%,扫描不均匀度≤±2.5%。NFZ-10加速器已被用于辐照各种电力半导体器件,一年多来运行稳定可靠并获得较好的经济效益。     

一种新的共发光体系──铽－钆（钪）－均苯四甲酸体系的研究和应用

本文研究发现铽与均苯四甲酸有强烈的荧光反应，并观察到钆（钪）存在下的共发光现象，研究了该反应的荧光特点和影响因素，确定了反应和测定的最佳条件。钆和钪的引入使原有的铽－均苯四甲酸体系的荧光分别增加了２４０和９５倍。在最佳条件下，对应于钆和钪，铽的浓度分别在５．０×１０－８～３．０×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ和７．０×１０－８～１．０×１０－５ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的范围内与荧光强度成线性关系，检测限分别为２．０×１０－１０和５．０×１０－１０ｍｏｌ／Ｌ采用多点增量标准加入法测定了合成样品和包头稀土样品中的铽。回收试验的回收率为１００．１±０．０１％和９９．１±０．０３％。     

三烷基氧膦（TRPO）辐射稳定性研究：辐解损失率的测定

三烷基氧膦是用于高放废液处理的萃取剂,本文试验了在辐照剂量为１×１０＾４Ｇｙ－１×１０＾６Ｇｙ时ＴＲＰＯ损失率。结果表明,１００％（Ｖ／Ｖ）ＴＲＰＯ在λ辐照剂量１０＾４Ｇｙ－１０＾６Ｇｙ变化时,辐解损失率为１．２％－１．６％;３０％（Ｖ／Ｖ）ＴＲＰＯ－煤油在辐照剂量１０＾４Ｇｙ－１０＾５Ｇｙ时,辐解损失率基本不变（０．３３％－０．３４％）,而在１×１０＾６Ｇｙ时增加到０．７７％。均低于磷酸三丁酯的     

＝4．03GeV下τ~±→π~＋π~－π~±υ_τ衰变的测量

利用北京谱仪（ＢＥＳ）在４．０３ＧｅＶ正负电子对撞能量下获取的数据，［研究了，τ＋τ－产生过程．借助双标记方法分析了τ±→π＋π－π±υτ衰变事例．测定分支比Ｂｒ（τ±→ａ１±υτ→ρ０π±υτ，ρ０→π＋π－＝（７．３±０．５）％，Ｂｒ（τ±→Ｋ＊±υτ→Ｋｓ０π±υτ，Ｋｓ０→π＋π－）＝（０．６±１．５）×１０－３．并由Ｄａｌｉｚ投影分布的分析，确认ａ１的主要衰变方式ρπ．同时，也观察到ａ１衰变中以Ｓ波贡献为主的现象．采用Ｋｕｈｎ模型拟合实验数据，得到：ｍａ１＝１．２４±０．０２ＧｅＶ，Γａ１Ｔ＝０．５７±０．０７ＧｅＶ．     

Fura－2双波长荧光法测定蟾蜍骨骼肌细胞肌浆中的自由钙离子浓度

本文对应用Ｆｕｒａ－ＺＡＭ荧光法测定细胞肌浆中的自由钙离子浓度时几种影响其测量精度的因素进行了讨论，提出了用化学去膜方法加以改进。在此基础上，测量了处于静息状态时完整蟾蜍骨骼肌细胞肌浆内自由钙离子浓度，其值为（１１６．８±５．３）×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ，而常用的方法得出相应的结果为（１２２．２±４．ｌ）×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ。     

粲夸克偶素P波态χ_（c0）宽度测量

利用北京谱仪在北京正负电子对撞机上采集的３５０万（２Ｓ）事例，通过（２Ｓ）→γπ－和γＫ＋Ｋ－反应道测量了Ｘｃ０的总宽度．由ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ模拟给出的质量分辨函数，利用拟合Ｘｃ２谱形得到的质量分辨作标定后，用于Ｘｃ０宽度的拟合，得到Ｘｃ０的宽度为（１５．０）ＭｅＶ．同时定出了ＸｃＪ（Ｊ＝０，２）到π＋π＝和Ｋ＋Ｋ－的衰变分支比．结果为Ｂ（Ｘｃ０→π＋π－）＝（４．２７±０．２３±Ｏ．６０）×１０－３；Ｂ（Ｘｃ０→Ｋ＋Ｋ－）＝（３．４４±０．２１±０．４７×１０－３；Ｂ（Ｘｃ２→π＋π－）＝（１．５２±０．１７±０．２９）×１０－３和Ｂ（Ｘｃ２→Ｋ＋Ｋ－）＝（５．２±１．１±１．８）×１０－４，其中第一项误差为统计误差，第二项为系统误差。     

稀磁半导体Cd_（1－x）Fe_xTe的磁光光谱

在７０－３００Ｋ温度范围内测量了组分ｘ为０．０１和０．０４的Ｃｄ１－ｘＦｅｘＴｅ及ＣｄＴｅ的法拉第效应随入射光子能量的变化，首次获得了Ｃｄ１－ｘＦｅｘＴｅ在布里渊区Γ点和Ｌ点的有效ｇ因子及其与温度的关系。给出了Ｆｅ２＋离子与载流子间的ｓｐ－ｄ交换作用常数Ｎ０（β－α）＝（－１．５７±０．０３）ｅＶ。     

温度和应变对光纤折射率的影响

采用迈克尔逊（Ｍｉｃｈｅｌｓｏｎ）光纤白光干涉系统，通过测量随着温度或应变改变而变化的光程，给出了单模光纤有效折射率的温度和应变相关特性。对于ＳＭＦ－２８型单模光纤，测得折射率温度系数和应变温度系数在波长为１３００ｎｍ处分别为０．７６２×１０－５／℃及－０．１３３２×１０－６／με；在波长１５５０ｎｍ处则为０．８１１×１０－５／℃及－０．１６４９×１０－６／με。并与几种不同光纤相应的数据进行了比较。     

由ψ（2S）→π~＋π~－J／ψ道测量J／ψ轻子道衰变分支比

利用北京谱仪（ＢＥＳ）上取得的ψ（２Ｓ）数据，对ψ（２Ｓ）→π＋π－Ｊ／ψ，Ｊ／ψ→１＋１－和Ｊ／ψ→任意末态两个过程进行了细致的研究，得到Ｊ／ψ的轻子道衰变分支比为Ｂ（Ｊ／ψ→ｅ＋ｅ－）＝（５．９０±０．０７±０．１６）％和Ｂ（Ｊ／ψ→μ＋μ－）＝（５．９６±０．０８±０．１６）％，由此给出Ｂｅ／Ｂμ的值为０．９９０±０．０１８±０．０２４．假定Ｂｅ＝Ｂμ，Ｊ／ψ的轻子道衰变分支比为Ｂ（Ｊ／ψ→１＋１－）＝（５．９３±０．０５±０．１６）％．上述结果可用来估计强相互作用耦合常数αｓ和ＱＣＤ减除参数∧．     

气体放电Boltzmann方程的求解

较详细地介绍用Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ方程分析法计算气体放电参数的数值算法，给出了ＳＳＴ、ＰＴ及ＴＯＦ三种条件下气体放电参数的计算公式，并在１６９×１０＾－２１（Ｖ．ｍ＾２）≤Ｅ／Ｎ≤４２４×１０＾－２１（Ｖ．ｍ＾２）范围对ＳＦ６和Ｎ２进行了计算，结果表明计算值与实测值吻合较好。     

低能电子显微术及其应用

低能电子显微术是新发展起来的一种显微探测技术。它的特点是利用低能（１－３０ｅＶ）电子的弹性背散射使表面实空间实时成像，具有高的横向（１５ｎｍ）和纵向（原子级）分辩率，且易与低能电子衍射及其他电子显微术相结合。近年来它已有效地应用于金属和半导体表面的形貌观测、表面相变、吸附、反应及生长过程的研究。     

On the interpretation of the electron anomalous magnetic moment

Guided by a Compton-sized model, we demonstrate that: (a) the magnetic self-energy of the electron, as estimated initially by Rasetti and Fermi, can be directly related to both the sign and the magnitude of the electron anomalous magnetic moment; and (b) the classical expression for the magnetic self-energy of the electron exhibits the same characteristic logarithmic divergence that occurs in QED. This electron model quantitatively reproduces the spin, magnetic moment, and gyromagnetic ratio of the electron, correct to first order in = e² /c. It also relates the quantum-mechanical spin projection angle to the vanishing of the electric quadrupole moment, and it is capable of reproducing point-like scattering behavior.     

Investigation of the effect of electron cyclotron heating on runaway generation in the KSTAR tokamak

Wave enhanced runaway generation is expected to play an important role in the conversion of plasma current into runaway current during major disruptions. The fast electrons created by electron cyclotron heating (ECH) were used to study this issue in KSTAR. It is found that the fast electrons driven by ECH can enhance runaway production in the flat top phase with high loop voltage. The runaway current in disruptions was not enhanced by the ECH produced fast electron population due to the strong magnetic fluctuations which inhibited the generation of runaway electrons. It is found that a complete loss of existing REs during thermal quench has occurred in KSTAR limiter configuration discharges.     

Near threshold photodetachment cross section of negative atomic oxygen ions

A 40-target state close-coupling calculation for the photodetachment cross section of negative atomic oxygen near threshold is carried out with core－valence electron correlation by using the R-matrix method. It was shown that after considering the excitations of two electrons from the 2s shell, the electron affinity of O^- (2s^22p^5{}^2P°) agrees with the experimental result much better than that just considering the excitations of electrons only from the 2p shell as well as only one electron from the 2s shell. Total cross section as well as the main contribution of the ionization channels to the partial cross section are illustrated to show the structure near threshold clearly.     

The effects of self-fields on the electron trajectory in a two-stream free electron laser with a helical wiggler and an axial guiding magnetic field

A theory for the two-stream free-electron laser(TSFEL) with a helical wiggler and an axial guide magnetic field is developed.In the analysis,the effects of self-fields are taken into account.An analysis of the two-stream steady-state electron trajectories is given by solving the equation of motion.Numerical calculations show that there are seven groups of orbits in the presence of self-fields instead of two groups reported in the absence of self-fields.The stability of the trajectories is studied numerically.     

Relaxation between electrons and surface phonons of a homogeneously photoexcited metal film

The energy relaxation between the hot degenerate electrons of a homogeneously photoexcited metal film and the surface phonons (phonon wave vectors in two dimensions) is considered under Debye approximation. The state of electrons and phonons is described by equilibrium Fermi and Bose functions with different temperatures. Two cases for electron scattering by the metal surface, namely specular and diffuse scattering, are considered.     

北京自由电子激光器电子束截面监测系统

报告了北京自由电子激光器(BFEL)从30MeV直线加速器出口到摇摆磁铁出口束流输运段的束流截面监测系统。该系统由四台遥控气动可伸缩荧光屏探头、光学放大系统、闭路电视摄象系统及视频图象处理系统组成。利用该系统进行模拟实验,其系统空间分辨率约100μm,达到BFEL总体要求。利用该系统可以测量摇摆磁铁入口处及内部电子束和准直激光的截面、位置和畸变,进行束流准直、聚焦和发射度测量。     

Holes drilling in gold and silver decahedral nanoparticles by the convergent beam electron diffraction electron beam

The 200?kV focused electron beam in the convergent beam electron diffraction patterns mode in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) with field emission gun is able to drill holes in gold and silver decahedral nanoparticles. However, although they are done under the same circumstances, the holes are shapeless in the silver and faceted in gold nanoparticles. In addition to this, the holes are closed during their high-resolution TEM observation in both materials. To comment their differences, displacement energy considerations are taken into account as function of the sputtering energy in order to modify the displacement cross-section of the processes.     

大功率电子加速器光学性能的研究

利用在SC程序基础上的改进程序对一种工业用大功率电子加速器的光学系统性能进行了研究.经过优化计算并给出了计算结果.