不同产地三叶木通中总黄酮含量的测定

考察了超声波提取法对三叶木通总黄酮提取的影响条件,其最优条件为:提取次数3次,料液比1:30(g/mL),提取时间30min,乙醇浓度60%。用超微量微孔板分光光度法对不同产地,不同部位三叶木通总黄酮含量进行测定,结果表明,不同产地三叶木通之间总黄酮含量差异显著,不同部位之间差异也显著,可见不同产地因不同的生长环境、温度、湿度等因素对三叶木通总黄酮含量影响较大。本实验为以后更好的开发利用三叶木通资源提供一定的理论依据和指导意义。     

Rapid and quantitative determination of 10 major active components in Lonicera japonica Thunb. by ultrahigh pressure extraction-HPLC/DAD

An ultrahigh pressure extraction (UPE)-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)/diode array detector (DAD) method was established to evaluate the quality of Lonicera japonica Thunb. Ten active components, including neochlorogenic acid, chlorogenic acid, 4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, caffeic acid, rutin, luteoloside, isochlorogenic acid B, isochlorogenic acid A, isochlorogenic acid C, and quercetin, were qualitatively evaluated and quantitatively determined. Scanning electron microscope images elucidated the bud surface microstructure and extraction mechanism. The optimal extraction conditions of the UPE were 60% methanol solution, 400?MPa of extraction pressure, 3?min of extraction time, and 1:30 (g/mL) solid:liquid ratio. Under the optimized conditions, the total extraction yield of 10 active components was 57.62?mg/g. All the components showed good linearity (r² ≥ 0.9994) and recoveries. This method was successfully applied to quantify 10 components in 22 batches of L. japonica samples from different areas. Compared with heat reflux extraction and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, UPE can be considered as an alternative extraction technique for fast extraction of active ingredient from L. japonica.     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phillyrin from Forsythia suspensa

Forsythia suspensa (Thunb.) Vahl is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese medicines, and possesses important biological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. Phillyrin is the main bioactive component of Forsythia suspensa. In this paper, ultrasound-assisted extraction of phillyrin from Forsythia suspensa was studied with HPLC-photodiode array detection. Effects of several experimental parameters, such as type and concentration of extracting solvent, ratio of liquid to material, extraction temperature, and time of sonication on extraction efficiencies of phillyrin from Forsythia suspensa were evaluated. The optimal extraction conditions were 1g plant sample with 10 ml of 20% methanol and the extraction for 60 min at 60°C under ultrasonic irradiation. Under the optimum conditions, the yield of phillyrin was 0.713±0.009 mg/g. The results indicated that the ultrasound-assisted extraction is a very useful method for the extraction of important phytochemicals from plant materials.     

微波辅助萃取-分光光度法测定卫矛中总黄酮

采用微波辅助萃取法提取,以分光光度法测定卫矛样品中的总黄酮含量。并且通过单因素实验和正交实验设计优化了溶剂浓度、溶剂用量、微波功率和微波辐射时间等微波提取条件,确定了微波辅助萃取法提取卫矛中黄酮类化合物的最佳条件为：使用60%乙醇,在液固比40：1条件下,以255 W的微波功率,微波辐射5 min。在上述最优条件下进行了精密度和回收率实验,所得结果的相对标准偏差为1.71% (n=5),回收率在97%～101%之间。与传统的索氏提取法和超声波提取法比较,微波辅助萃取法具有操作简便,经济可靠,重现性好等特点。该实验采用的微波辅助萃取-分光光度法测定法简便高效,可推广应用于各类中草药中总黄酮的含量测定。     

Application of ultrasonic technique for extracting chlorogenic acid from Eucommia ulmodies Oliv. (E. ulmodies)

An ultrasonic method for the extraction of chlorogenic acid from fresh leaves of Eucommia ulmodies Oliv. was investigated and optimized. The influence of four extraction variables on extraction efficiency of chlorogenic acid was investigated. The optimum extraction conditions found were: 70% aqueous methanol; solvent: sample ratio=20:1 (v/w); extraction time 3 x 30 min. The recovery of chlorogenic acid was studied (HPLC) and the reproducibility of the extraction method was determined. The optimized ultrasonic extraction conditions were applied to extract chlorogenic acid from fresh leaves, fresh bark and dried bark of E. ulmodies and four traditional Chinese medicines. The application of sonication method was shown to be highly efficient in the extraction of chlorogenic acid from E. ulmodies and other Chinese medicines compared with classical methods.     

Influence of ultrasonic amplitude,temperature, time and solvent concentration on bioactive compounds extraction from propolis

An ultrasound assisted method was investigated to extract bioactive compounds from propolis. This method was based on a simple ultrasound treatment using ethanol as an extraction medium to facilitate the disruption of the propolis cells. Four different variables were chosen for determining the influence on the extraction efficiency: ultrasonic amplitude, ethanol concentration, temperature and time; the variables were selected by Box-Behnken design experiments. These parameters were optimised in order to obtain the highest yield, and the results exhibited the optimum conditions for achieving the goal as 100% amplitude of ultrasonic treatment, 70% solvent concentration, 58 °C and 30 min. The extraction yield under modified optimum extraction conditions was, as follows: 459.92 mg GAE/g of TPC, 220.62 mg QE/g of TFC and 1.95% of balsam content. The results showed that the ultrasound assisted extraction was suitable for bioactive compounds extraction from propolis. The most abundant phenolic compound was kaempferol (228.8 mg/g propolis) followed by myricetin (115.5 mg/g propolis), luteolin (27.2 mg/g propolis) and quercetin (25.2 mg/g propolis).     

Extraction of Rutin and Quercetin Antioxidants from the Buds of Sophora Japonica (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Sophora japonica</Emphasis> L.) by Subcritical Water

An environmentally friendly method for the static extraction of rutin and quercetin from the flower buds of Sophora japonica L. by subcritical water is developed. Concentrations of target compounds in the extracts are determined by HPLC. The developed method is highly efficient: in comparison with the conventional method, it can produce similar yields in 10-fold shorter extraction time.     

火棘果中总黄酮的含量测定

利用索氏提取法提取火棘果中总黄酮,以芦丁为对照品,紫外分光光度法测定其含量。在波长418nm处芦丁在浓度5—30μg.mL-1范围内具有良好线性关系,其相关系数r=0.9997。该方法简便、重现性好,可作为火棘中总黄酮含量测定的一种方法。     

超声提取党参总皂苷的工艺

优选党参总皂苷的最佳超声波提取工艺条件。采用正交试验设计优化党参总皂苷提取工艺的影响因素,通过比色法测定总皂苷含量,并与传统提取法进行比较。超声波强化提取总皂苷的提取工艺为甲醇提取,料液比1:20(g/mL),超声时间为30min,超声次数3次。方法操作简便、条件稳定,提高了药材的利用率,可用于党参总皂苷的提取。     

山豆根总黄酮不同提取方法的比较

分别采用常规回流提取法、超声提取法、微波辅助萃取法及索氏提取法对中药山豆根进行提取;以芦丁为对照品,采用分光光度法测定提取物中总黄酮的含量;以总黄酮的含量为考察指标,优选出最佳提取方法.结果表明,4种提取方法中,常规回流提取法总黄酮含量最高,微波辅助萃取法和超声提取法总黄酮含量较高,索氏提取法总黄酮含量最低;综合考虑,...     

Ultrasonically assisted acid extraction of manganese from slag

An ultrasonically assisted extraction (UAE) technique was developed for the extraction of manganese from electrolytic manganese slag using a sulfuric acid-hydrochloric acid mixture (4:0.3, v/v) as solvent. The UAE conditions were optimized and the significance of variables affecting UAE tested. The determination of manganese was carried out by atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The ultrasonic extraction efficiency of manganese can reach about 90% under the following optimum conditions: solvent-slag ratio: 4 mL/g; temperature: 333 K; particle size: 0.2 mm; extraction time: 35 min; amount of additive (citric acid): 8 mg/g slag. During the UAE process, the particle size parameter on the extraction was the most significant, followed by solvent-slag ratio, citric acid mass, time and temperature. The repeatability of UAE technique was satisfactory. The ultrasonic method shown to be a much superior approach to the conventional extraction method in the extraction of manganese from slag.     

Ultrasound-assisted extraction of hesperidin from Penggan (Citrus reticulata) peel

Hesperidin, an abundant and inexpensive bioflavonoid in Penggan (Citrus reticulata) peel, has been reported to possess a wide range of pharmacological properties. Ultrasonic extraction is an effective technique for the isolation of bioactive compounds from vegetable materials. In this study, the application of ultrasonic method was shown to be more efficient in extracting hesperidin from Penggan (C. reticulata) peel than the classical method. The effects of main ultrasonic-assisted extraction conditions on extraction yields of hesperidin from Penggan (C. reticulata) peel were evaluated, including extraction solvents, solvent volume, temperature, extraction time, ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency. Results showed that solvent, frequency and processing temperature were the most important factors for improving the extracting yields of hesperidin. When performed at the same temperature under the same time using three frequencies, methanol as the solvent improved the extraction yield evidently compared with ethanol or isopropanol; by comparison of the frequency influence, the yield of hesperidin was higher at 60 kHz than at 20 kHz and 100 kHz. The optimum ultrasonic conditions were determined as: methanol, frequency of 60 kHz, extraction time of 60 min, and temperature of 40 degrees C. In addition, the ultrasonic power had a weak effect on the yields of hesperidin within the experimental range. Extending ultrasonic treatment times did not result in degradation of hesperidin; the rotary beaker for materials can increase the yields of hesperidin.     

Kinetics of ultrasonic extraction of extractive substances from garden (Salvia officinalis L.) and glutinous (Salvia glutinosa L.) sage

The kinetics of ultrasonic extraction of extractive substances (ES) from dry herbs of garden (Salvia officinalis L.) and glutinous (Salvia glutinosa L.) sage using petroleum ether, 70% ethanol or water at 40 degrees C, as well as the composition of dry extracts, were studied. The mechanism of ultrasonic extraction is confirmed to occur in two steps: first, dissolution of the ES near the particle surface (washing) and, second, diffusion from the solid particles to the bulk of the liquid extract (slow extraction). The process is described mathematically using three concepts of the unsteady diffusion through plant material, the film theory and the empirical equation of Ponomaryov. The yield of ES increases with increasing solvent polarity, and nearly the maximum concentration of ES in liquid extracts is achieved for about 20 min. The composition of extracts depends on both the extraction conditions applied and the plant material.     

新疆紫穗槐中总黄酮的提取与含量测定

用超声波辅助乙醇溶液浸提法和索氏提取法提取新疆地方植物药材紫穗槐中黄酮化合物并进行含量测定.以芦丁为对照品,NaNO2-Al(NO3)3-NaOH体系为显色剂,利用分光光度法在510nm处测定提取物中的总黄酮的含量.校准曲线为A=11.825C-0.0139,r=0.9992.超声提取法所得总黄酮的含量以芦丁计算为2....     

Tea saponin additive to extract eleutheroside B and E from Eleutherococcus senticosus by ultrasonic mediation and its application in a semi-pilot scale

The safety of ethanol in operations and its effects on human health are gradually being questioned. Under this premise, we attempted to use the natural surfactant tea saponin, which originates from the processing residues of camellia oil, as the additive of the extraction solvent and to extract eleutheroside B and eleutheroside E in the roots and rhizomes of E. senticosus by ultrasonic mediation. After a single-factor experiment, extraction kinetics at different powers and reaction temperatures, and Box–Behnken design optimization, the optimal conditions obtained were 0.3% tea saponin solution as the extraction solvent, 20 mL/g liquid–solid ratio, 250 W ultrasonic irradiation power (43.4 mW/g ultrasonic power density) and 40 min ultrasonic irradiation time. Under optimal conditions, satisfactory yields of eleutheroside B (1.06 ± 0.04 mg/g) and eleutheroside E (2.65 ± 0.12 mg/g) were obtained with semi pilot scale ultrasonic extraction equipment. The experiments showed that compared with the traditional thermal extraction process, the extraction time is significantly reduced at lower operating temperatures.     

超声辅助法提取刘寄奴黄酮类化合物的工艺

采用超声辅助法提取刘寄奴中的黄酮类化合物,通过单因素试验和正交试验,研究了超声辅助法提取条件(超声波功率、乙醇体积分数、提取温度、提取时间)对刘寄奴黄酮类化合物提取率的影响。结果表明,刘寄奴黄酮类化合物的最佳提取工艺条件为:超声波功率200W、乙醇体积分数80%、提取温度40℃、提取时间45min,在此工艺条件下刘寄奴黄酮类化合物的提取率可达63.27mg/g。     

微波消解-ICP-AES法测定鬼箭羽中微量元素

鬼箭羽(又称卫矛)中富含铁、钙、镁等多种微量元素.采用微波消解的方法处理鬼箭羽样品,并用原子吸收光谱法(AAS)和等离子体电感耦合-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定了其中Ca,Mg,Zn和Fe等十种微量元素的含量.考察了消解过程中消解混酸体系的种类、消解液体积和样品质量比、硝酸-其他酸体积比、样品粒度等四个因素对消解结果的影响,利用正交试验法确定了最优的消解条件.在HNO3-HCl体积比2:1,液固比100:1,样品粒度100～140目的最佳条件下,进行了精密度实验,所得结果的相对标准偏差在0.5%～6.2%之间;回收率在85.8%～105.6%之间.实验结果表明,微波消解-AAS和ICP-AES法能够快速、准确、简便地测量鬼箭羽中Ca,Mg,Zn和Fe等微量元素的含量.     

加拿大一枝黄花总酚超声提取工艺

利用超声提取的方法,通过单因素和正交实验分析了溶液浓度、超声时间、料液比、提取次数4个主要因素对总酚提取率的影响。确立了加拿大一枝黄花总酚的最佳提取工艺条件为:60%甲醇、超声50min、料液比1∶20、提取3次。在此条件下,总酚的提取率为44.61mg/g。     

3种不同提取方法测定百癣夏塔热片中的总黄酮

采用索氏提取、超声提取、微波萃取对百癣夏塔热片中总黄酮进行提取.3种方法均采用20倍(mL/g)甲醇;其中索氏提取时间为6h;超声提取时间为1h;微波萃取辐射时间:10min;温度:100C.以芦丁为标准品,用分光光度法测定,波长为510nm,芦丁浓度与吸光度呈良好的线性关系(r=0.9999).微波萃取、索氏提取和超...     

正交设计优选掌裂草葡萄中总黄酮的提取工艺

以芦丁为标样,采用荧光光度法测定掌裂草葡萄中总黄酮含量。以总黄酮提取率为考察指标,采用正交设计方法优选最佳提取工艺。结果显示:其优选工艺为:药材加15倍量的60%乙醇,在60℃下回流提取2.0h,重复提取3次,总黄酮提取率为35.99%。