76Se三声子态成员的候选者

通过⁷⁶Br (T_1/2=16.2h)β⁺/EC衰变方法得到⁷⁶Br衰变纲图, 并确认了Muller等通过核反应⁷⁶Se(p, p′)方法发现⁷⁶Se能级纲图中1791.31keV能级. 不过, Muller等当时并没有指出该条能级的自旋和宇称, 以及应该属于哪一个声子态的成员. 经过分析我们认为1791.31keV能级可以作为⁷⁶Se三声子态的一个候选成员. 此外, 为了研究这个介于强形变和球形核之间的过渡区核的形变, 对它的正宇称态进行了采用推转壳模型形式的总转动能面计算.     

83Rb的低激发态能级结构

用γ射线单谱测量和γ–γ–t符合测量研究了⁸³Sr(β⁺+EC)⁸³Rb衰变,将⁸³Sr衰变的γ跃迁由102条扩展到196条,发现了⁸³Rb的19条新能级,否定了前人测得的8条能级.测定了⁸³Sr(β+EC)衰变的分支比,重新确定了⁸³Rb各能级的自旋和宇称值.     

126Cs的高自旋态能级结构

利用融合蒸发反应¹¹⁶Cd(¹⁴N,4n)¹²⁶Cs布居了¹²⁶Cs的高自旋态.观测到了100多条新的γ跃迁和相应的能级,建立了双奇核¹²⁶Cs由9个转动带构成的能级纲图.尝试性地指定了大部分能级的自旋和宇称以及各转动带的Nilsson单粒子组态.极大地丰富了已有的实验结果.     

153Dy高自旋态的能级结构及缺中子Dy核的形状随中子数与自旋态的变化

通过在束γ谱的实验研究,建立了¹⁵³Dy的非常高的自旋态的能级图,最高自旋态为81/2.所用核反应为¹²²Sn(³⁶s,5n),束流能量165MeV.在同质异能态(I=47/2)以上,能级结构展示出极端复杂的单粒子跃迁特性.对缺中子Dy核的形状随中子数N及自旋态I变化的系统性进行了讨论     

奇—奇核114Pm高自旋同质异能态及其衰变纲图的研究

用高自旋同质异能态次级束流线实验装置,对¹⁴⁴Pm的高自旋同质异能态进行了快速分离,并做了γ射线的符合测量.结合γ射线激发函数和各向异性的测量结果,首次建立了奇—奇核¹⁴⁴Pm的高自旋同质异能态的衰变纲图,其中19条高自旋能级和29条γ射线是由本工作指定的.离子γ射线关联测量确定了¹⁴⁴Pm的高自旋同质异能态的半衰期大于2μs.通过系统性比较以及变形的独立粒子模型理论计算,指定了高自旋同质异能态的粒子组态可能为π(1h²_11/2d_5/2)v(1i_13/21h_9/22f_7/2),自旋宇称为J^π=27⁺,并具有形变参数为β=－0.18的扁椭球形状.     

双奇核140Pr的高自旋态能级纲图

通过¹³⁰Te(¹⁴N,4n)反应首次对双奇核¹⁴⁰Pr进行了在束γ谱学研究.在实验中进行了γ射线的激发函数、γ射线单谱和γγt符合测量.建立了激发能达4717.3keV的¹⁴⁰Pr的能级纲图,其中包括新发现的42条γ射线和新建立的27个能级.基于实验测量的γ跃迁各向异性度,建议了¹⁴⁰Pr部分能级的自旋值.根据¹⁴⁰Pr附近同位素核结构的系统性,对部分能级的准粒子组态作了定性的讨论.     

134Ba核的高激发态能级结构研究

在中国原子能科学研究院H-13串列加速器上, 通过重离子核反应¹³⁰Te(⁹Be,5n)与在束γ谱的实验技术, 对A=130缺中子核区的¹³⁴Ba核的高自旋态进行了研究, 建立了¹³⁴Ba核的新的能级纲图, 最高自旋态扩展到20h. 除验证了以前报道的大部分能级与跃迁外, 将基带的能级扩展到10⁺, 同时发现了基于10⁺同质异能态以上的众多的能级与跃迁. 对实验结果的系统学分析表明, 10⁺同质异能态为yrast陷阱, 起源于两中子组态, 可能具有γ≈－120°的长椭形状, 在其以上的能级表现出很强的单粒子性，具有复杂的结构. 基带中观测到明显的集体回弯现象, 推转壳模型的计算表明, 此集体回弯是由一对中子的顺排所致, TRS计算表明, 随着转动频率的增加, 核的形状发生明显的变化, 基带中在中子顺排后核具有γ≈－60°的扁椭形状.     

缺中子176Ir核β+/EC衰变研究

在210MeV的束流能量下, 利用重离子熔合蒸发反应¹⁴⁶Nd(³⁵Cl, 5nγ)¹⁷⁶Ir产生具有β⁺/EC衰变性质的核素¹⁷⁶Ir,由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物传送到低本底区进行测量. 经过实验数据的离线处理分析,对早先发表的¹⁷⁶Ir衰变γ跃迁进行确认的同时又发现了3个新能级和10条新的γ射线, 丰富了¹⁷⁶Os核的低位激发态能级纲图. 并根据典型γ射线的衰变时间谱建议了¹⁷⁶Ir核的一个长寿命的低自旋同核异能态.     

稳定核84Sr的高自旋态研究

利用75MeV的¹⁸O束流,通过⁷⁰Zn(¹⁸O,4n)反应布居了⁸⁴Sr核的高自旋态,测量了激发函数,γ–γ符合及DCO比值和γ射线强度,观察到了12条新能级,近30条新γ跃迁,建立了新的能级纲图,与D.C.M.(deformod configuration-mixing shell model)理论计算结果符合得很好,发现其负宇称带有强烈的振动性.     

198Bi的高自旋态结构研究

利用能量为85—105MeV的¹⁶O束流,通过¹⁸⁷Re(¹⁶O,5n)反应研究了¹⁹⁸Bi的高自旋态能级结构.用6台BGO(AC)HPGe探测器和一台用于探测低能γ跃迁的平面探测器进行了γ射线的激发函数、γ-γ—t符合及γ射线的角分布测量.基于这些测量,首次建立了包括26条γ跃迁的¹⁹⁸Bi的高自旋能级纲图,确定了一个半寿命为(8.0±3.6)ns,自旋和宇称为15+的同质异能态.基于较重的双奇铋核^200—206Bi能级结构的系统性,定性地对¹⁹⁸Bi的能级结构进行了解释.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.