紫外光下毛竹的自由基与光电子能谱分析

分析了紫外光照射下毛竹自由基的变化规律和表面化学组成及结构的变化.利用电子自旋共振波谱和X射线光电子能谱技术,分别测量紫外光辐照后毛竹颗粒的自由基波谱和X射线光电子能谱.结果表明:毛竹自由基的光谱分裂因子g=2.003 3,自由基的强度随着辐照时间按Y=1-e^-b_iPt规律增加;紫外光照60 min后毛竹表面O/C原子比稍有增加,C-C和C-H含量增加,C-O和C=O含量减少,-O-C=O含量增加为原来的3倍左右,说明毛竹表面生成了一些含氧官能团或碳的氧化态增高.     

软X射线辐照引起的铟锡氧化物表面光化学反应

利用XPS原位研究了Mg Kα X射线辐照对ITO表面的影响.结果表明,随着X射线辐射时间的延 长,表面辐照区域In,Sn相对含量增加,而O则逐渐减少,同时,In,Sn3d光电子峰随X射线 辐射的增强而变化.分析说明X射线的辐照导致了ITO表面光化学反应,氧的脱离使In,Sn有 被还原的趋势,受损较重的In明显存在亚氧化态.In,Sn俄歇参数的变化进一步证实ITO表面 发生了光化学反应.并讨论了X射线引起ITO表面光化学反应的机制. 关键词： X射线辐照 光电子能谱 光化学反应     

毛竹材表面光化降解的FTIR和XPS分析

竹材光变色和光化降解过程比较复杂。该文以我国资源丰富的毛竹为研究对象,利用氙光衰减仪对竹材进行表面劣化处理,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)和X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)对竹材表面化学组成和结构的变化进行表征。XPS测试结果表明,竹材表面光劣化处理后其O元素含量及氧碳比(O/C)明显增加;从C原子结合形式来看,C1(C—C)含量减少,C2(C—O)含量增加,C3(CO)和C4(OCO)含量增加明显,C的氧化态显著升高。FTIR分析表明,光劣化处理使得与木质素有关的吸收峰(如1 604,1 512及1 462 cm-1)强度明显降低,木质素发生降解,同时1 735 cm-1处非共轭羰基吸收峰强度明显增强,表明有新的羰基类物质生成,竹材表面发生光氧化反应。竹材表面的多糖物质(纤维素和半纤维素)受光劣化影响较小,其表面多糖相对含量在劣化处理后明显提高。     

工作压强对硅掺杂辉光放电聚合物结构和性能的影响

采用辉光放电聚合技术,在不同工作压强条件下制备了掺硅的辉光放电聚合物(Si-GDP)薄膜.并采用傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对Si-GDP薄膜进行了表征,分析了压强变化对其内部结构及成分的影响.利用紫外—可见光谱对Si-GDP薄膜的光学带隙进行了分析.结果表明:Si-GDP薄膜中Si元素主要以Si—C,Si—H,Si—O,Si—CH₃的键合形式存在;随着工作压强的增大,薄膜中Si—C键相对含量先减小后增加;从Si-GDP薄膜的XPS分析可以发现,C—C与C C含 关键词： 硅掺杂辉光放电聚合物薄膜 工作压强 傅里叶变换红外吸收光谱 X射线光电子能谱     

软X射线辐照引起的InP表面电子态变化

采用X光电子能谱(XPS)和紫外光电子能谱(UPS)研究了软X射线辐照InP所产生的表面电子态的变化．实验结果表明,软X射线的照射,对In原子影响不大,而对P原子影响很大．分析了InP的辐照效应机理,解释了产生上述影响的原因. 关键词：     

氟化铈晶体抗辐照机理的探讨

比较研究了氟化铈晶体、CeO2、草酸铈CeAc3粉末中Ce离子外层3d电子的X射线光电子能谱,给出了三种样品的X射线光电子光谱参数.CeF3中的Ce离子可能是混合价态,用电荷自补偿观点解释CeF3晶体抗辐照机理.     

燃烧法表面处理的SrAl2O4∶Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料

SrAl2O4∶Eu2-,Dy3+长余辉发光材料因耐水性差而使其应用受到极大限制.利用快速燃烧法对SrAl2O4∶ Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料进行表面处理,以X射线粉末衍射、X射线光电子能谱、扫描电镜及荧光光谱等对表面处理前后SrAl2O4∶ Eu2,By3长余辉发光材料进行表征.实验结果表明:经燃烧法表面处理后...     

低速高电荷态重离子辐照的GaN晶体表面X射线光电子能谱研究

利用低速高电荷态Xeq+和Pbq+离子对在蓝宝石衬底上生长的GaN晶体膜样品进行辐照,并利用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对样品表面化学组成和元素化合态进行了分析.结果表明,高电荷态离子对样品表面有显著的刻蚀作用;经高电荷态离子辐照的GaN样品表面氮元素贫乏而镓元素富集;随着入射离子剂量和所携带电荷数的增大,Ga—Ga键相对含量增大;辐照后,GaN样品中Ga—Ga键对应的Ga3d5/2电子的束缚能偏小,晶格损伤使内层轨道电子束缚能向低端方向偏移.     

NiTi合金薄膜厚度对相变温度影响的X射线光电子能谱分析

采用X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱实验手段对不同厚度的NiTi薄膜相变温度的变化进行了分析.结果表明在相同衬底温度和退火条件下,3?μm厚度的薄膜晶化温度高于18?μm厚度的薄膜.衬底温度越高,薄膜越易晶化,退火后薄膜奥氏体相转变温度As越低.薄膜的表面有TiO₂氧化层形成,氧化层阻止了Ni原子渗出;膜与基片的界面存在Ti₂O₃和NiO.由于表面和界面氧化层的存在,不同厚度的薄膜内层的厚度也不同,因而薄膜越薄,Ni原子的含量就越高.Ni原子的含量的不同会影响薄膜的相变温度. 关键词： NiTi合金薄膜 X射线衍射 相变 X射线光电子能谱     

Sm富勒烯的芯态光电子能谱

用X射线光电子能谱研究了Sm掺杂的固态C₆₀相衍变和芯电子态.在Sm_xC₆₀中Sm的含量x小于0.5时，样品是固溶相；在x=0.5和x=2.75之间的掺杂阶段，样品是这两个相的混合.在x=2.75和x=6之间的高掺杂阶段未观察到相分离的X射线光电子能谱证据.Sm 4f, 4d的实验数据表明Sm的价态是+2.二价Sm 3d_5/2芯态谱线存在两个子峰. 关键词： 60的Sm填隙化合物')" href="#">C₆₀的Sm填隙化合物 相结构 电子态 X射线光电子能谱     

He-Ne激光对增强UV-B辐射拟南芥抗氧化系统的损伤修复

以培养6周左右的拟南芥为材料,采用UV-B辐射（剂量1 KJ/m2/d）和He-Ne激光器（波长632.8 nm,输出功率5 mW·mm2,辐照时间60 s）对材料进行处理,分成CK（没有经过UV-B或激光辐照）组、B(UV-B辐射)组、BL（UV-B和激光复合处理）组和L（激光辐照）组4个不同处理组.结果表明:增强的UV-B辐射拟南芥幼苗导致MDA(Malondialdehyde)、超氧阴离子含量升高,GSH(Glutathione)含量降低,PAL(phenylalanine ammomia-lyase)、CAT(catalase)和APX(ascorbate peroxidase)活性升高,SOD(supemxide dismutas)活性降低.单独He-Ne激光处理使MDA、超氧阴离子含量降低,GSH的含量升高,SOD、APX、CAT的活性升高,PAL的活性降低.UV-B辐射后再用He-Ne激光进行后处理,发现与单独UV-B辐照处理相比,MDA、超氧阴离子含量降低,GSH含量升高,SOD、APX、CAT的活性升高了,PAL的活性降低了.因此激光在一定程度上提高了拟南芥叶片抗氧化能力,在此基础上讨论了其可能的形成机理.     

Influence of argon plasma treatment on polyethersulphone surface

Polyethersulphone (PES) was modified to improve the hydrophilicity of its surface, which in turn helps in improving its adhesive property. The modified PES surface was characterized by contact angle measurement, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Vicker’s microhardness measurement. The contact angles of the modified PES reduces from 49° to 10° for water. The surface free energy (SFE) calculated from measured contact angles increases from 66.3 to 79.5 mJ/m² with the increase in plasma treatment time. The increase in SFE after plasma treatment is attributed to the functionalization of the polymer surface with hydrophilic groups. The XPS analysis shows that the ratio of O/C increases from 0.177 to 0.277 for modified PES polymer. AFM shows that the average surface roughness increases from 6.9 nm to 23.7 nm due to the increase in plasma treatment time. The microhardness of the film also increases with plasma treatment.     

Electronic structure of nitrogen-containing carbon nanotubes irradiated with argon ions: XPS and XANES studies

Using the methods of X-ray photoelectron (XPS) and X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopies with synchrotron radiation, data on changes in the electronic structure and chemical composition of nitrogen-containing multiwalled carbon nanotubes (N-MWCNTs) upon their exposure to the radiation of argon ions with an energy of 5 keV are obtained. It is found that the exposure leads to an increase in the degree of defectiveness of the N-MWCNTs structure and to the carbon oxidation with formation of various oxygen-containing groups (C–OH, C=O/COOH, C–O–C/O–C–O, and CO₃). The presence of carbon–oxygen bonds on the surface of carbon nanotubes is associated with the formation of radiation defects. It is shown that an increase in the fraction of nitrogen atoms present in the substituting configuration in the N-MWCNTs wall structure due to the irradiation does not give rise to an increase in the density of the occupied states near the Fermi level against the background of an increase in the degree of structure defectiveness, carbon oxidation, and a decrease in the total nitrogen concentration. The obtained results show that the irradiation of N-MWCNTs with argon ions allows one to successfully functionalize their surface.

     

紫外辐射加速老化高温硫化硅橡胶的X射线光电子能谱研究

高温硫化硅橡胶具有优良的电气性能、机械性能、憎水性而广泛应用于特高压输电线路,但亦会受外界环境的影响而老化,其抗紫外老化性能受到关注。课题组模拟户外紫外辐射环境,设计搭建了可调式紫外辐射加速老化试验箱,对A、B两个厂家的高温硫化硅橡胶样品进行了紫外辐射(0,500和1 000 h)加速老化实验,重点对辐射前后的试样进行X射线光电子能谱全谱扫描和窄区谱分析、确定元素化学位移及相对含量,分析紫外辐射对高温硫化硅橡胶表面化学态的影响,进而判断紫外辐射加速高温硫化硅橡胶老化机制。结果表明：高温硫化硅橡胶主要元素为O_1S,C_1S,Si_2p,其中O_1S主要以O-Si-O（532.4 eV）的形式存在,紫外辐射后,拟合分峰观察到534 eV的-OH的小峰,积分面积随辐照时间延长而增加;C_1S为C-H,C-C（284.8 eV）或C-O（286.3 eV）,随着辐射时间的延长,C-H和C-C结合能峰积分面积减小,C-O结合能峰的积分面积略微增加;Si_2p为Si-C（102.39 eV）,紫外辐射后新增SiO_x（x=3～4）结合能峰（103.6 eV）且积分面积随辐射时间延长而增加。分析认为紫外辐射加速老化的机理是紫外线切断硅橡胶中键能较低的部分Si-C,C-C和C-H键,裂解后的自由基可相互结合发生交联反应形成SiO_x（x=3～4）;辐射产生高活性的臭氧氧化自由基生成-COOH。XPS技术能够探究高温硫化硅橡胶的表面化学态从而促进其老化机理的研究。     

Excimer laser-assisted chemical process for formation of hydrophobic surface of Si (001)

Silicon (Si) wettability is one of the important parameters in the development of Si-based biosensing and lab-on-chip devices. We report on UV laser induced hydrophobicity of Si (001) wafers immersed in methanol during the irradiation with an ArF excimer laser. The irradiation with 800 pulses of the laser operating at 65 mJ/cm² allowed to significantly increase the hydrophobicity of investigated samples as characterized by the static contact angle change from 77° to 103°. Owing to the irradiation with relatively low laser fluence, no measurable change in surface morphology of the irradiated samples has been observed with atomic force microscopy measurements. The nature of the hydrophobic surface of investigated samples is consistent with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis that indicates formation of Si–O–CH₃ bonds on the surface of the laser-irradiated material.     

The effect of nitrogen ion implantation on tungsten surfaces

X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to study the phase, composition and chemical states of elements at the tungsten surface. The measurement results indicate that nitrogen-containing phase of tungsten were formed by nitrogen ion implantation (energy 40 keV, implantation doses of 4×10¹⁷, 8×10¹⁷ and 1.6×10¹⁸ ions/cm²). The formation of the W_x(O,N) and WN in the surface layer occurred as a result of nitrogen ion irradiation. A decrease in concentration of W_x(O,N) is observed with increasing N⁺ while that WN increases. Due to residual oxygen in the chamber WO₃ still exists at the surface of the specimen.     

Femtosecond laser-induced surface wettability modification of polystyrene surface

In this paper, we demonstrated a simple method to create either a hydrophilic or hydrophobic surface. With femtosecond laser irradiation at different laser parameters, the water contact angle (WCA) on polystyrene’s surface can be modified to either 12.7° or 156.2° from its original WCA of 88.2°. With properly spaced micro-pits created, the surface became hydrophilic probably due to the spread of the water droplets into the micro-pits. While with properly spaced micro-grooves created, the surface became rough and more hydrophobic. We investigated the effect of laser parameters on WCAs and analyzed the laser-treated surface roughness, profiles and chemical bonds by surface profilometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). For the laser-treated surface with low roughness, the polar (such as C—O, C=O, and O—C=O bonds) and non-polar (such as C—C or C—H bonds) groups were found to be responsible for the wettability changes. While for a rough surface, the surface roughness or the surface topography structure played a more significant role in the changes of the surface WCA. The mechanisms involved in the laser surface wettability modification process were discussed.     

Comparative study of the photo-discoloration of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) and two wood species

Bamboo or bamboo products undergo surface degradation during outdoor exposure resulting in lower quality in service. In this study, the effect of UV-vis light irradiation on changes in color and surface chemistry of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel) was investigated. For comparison purpose, two wood species (a soft and a hardwood) were also studied to present their differences in degradation performance. Color characterization was performed by measuring CIELab parameters (L*, a*, b* and ΔE*), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to analyze the chemical changes induced by irradiation. The results showed that the surface color of bamboo changed rapidly during the irradiation process. Compared with the wood species, bamboo was less influenced by photo-irradiation. Chemical analysis indicated that irradiation altered the chemical structures of bamboo surfaces. Lignin was the most sensitive component to photo-degradation and the intensities of its characteristics bands decreased significantly during the irradiation process. This was accompanied by formation of new carbonyl groups at 1735 cm⁻¹. The rate of lignin degradation and carbonyl formation in bamboo was relatively lower compared with the wood species. The color changes (ΔE*) was well correlated with lignin degradation and carbonyl formation regardless bamboo or the wood species.