基于线性方程组数学分离模型建立光纤传感过程检测复方缬沙坦氢氯噻嗪片溶出度

基于线性方程组数学分离模型建立在线过程检测复方缬沙坦氢氯噻嗪片溶出度方法。分别扫描缬沙坦和氢氯噻嗪的紫外吸收光谱,两组分在最大吸收波长处完全重叠。根据朗伯比尔定律吸光度加和性原理,分别测定两组分在最大吸收波长处的吸光系数,建立线性方程组数学分离模型,采用光纤传感过程分析技术(FODT)检测缬沙坦氢氯噻嗪片的溶出度,并与HPLC法相比较。在规定的溶出介质中,两种成分同时实时测定,并且FODT累积溶出度与HPLC法相比较结果无显著性差异(p>0.05)。不同批次药物的溶出行为一致,说明制剂工艺稳定,均匀度好。溶出曲线显示缬沙坦溶出快于并高于氢氯噻嗪,且30 min时两组分的溶出度均大于80%符合美国药典规定。结果表明,应用线性方程组数学分离模型结合FODT法可实现复方缬沙坦氢氯噻嗪片中双组分溶出度的同时检测,并可提供双组分的溶出过程曲线和全部溶出数据,直观反映各组分在各溶出时段的快慢,为此药建立标准提供依据。与HPLC法单点数据相比优势明显,更有利于药品评价和抽验质量分析。     

非洛地平缓释片释放度检测方法的比较

制备了非洛地平缓释片,对其释放度的检测方法进行考察。采用紫外分光光度法和高效液相色谱法分别测定非洛地平缓释片在1%吐温-80释放介质中的释放度,并分别对两种方法进行了方法学验证。结果表明紫外分光光度法和高效液相色谱法两者都符合释放度测定的要求,且两种方法测定的释放度结果没有显著的差异。     

紫外分光光度法测定奥氮平片的溶出度

建立测定奥氮平片溶出度的方法.采用紫外分光光度法,以0.1mol/L盐酸为溶媒,溶媒体积500mL,转速50r/min,30min取样,在259nm波长处测定其溶出度.奥氮平片检测浓度的线性范围为3-20μg/mL （r=0.9994）平均回收率100.14％ （RSD=0.85％）,3批样品30min溶出度均在90％以上.方法简便、准确,结果可靠,可用于该制剂的溶出度测定.     

紫外光纤化学传感原位过程监测青霉素V钾片溶出度

考察了光纤传感溶出度仪监测青霉素V钾片的溶出过程.结果表明方法的日内、日间精密度,回收率符合分析测试的要求,并与中国药典的方法比较,TD、T50及累积溶出率均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).光纤化学传感检测提高了测定的精密度和准确度,获得的数据信息完整,反映了药物在体外溶出的过程,替代了繁琐的传统测试方法.     

对乙酰氨基酚氯美扎酮分散片溶出度研究

采用高效液相色谱法测定对乙酰氨基酚氯美扎酮分散片溶出度。以稀盐酸24mL加水至1000mL为溶媒,转速为100r.min-1,取样时间为15min,在227nm波长处测定其溶出度。对乙酰氨基酚平均回收率为100.6%,RSD=0.59%;氯美扎酮平均回收率为100.6%,RSD=0.86%。3批样品15min溶出度均在90%以上,且溶出均一。本法简便、准确、可靠,可用于该制剂的溶出度测定。     

基于光谱成像技术对中药黄柏煎煮实验的研究

煎煮中药的目的在于使药材中的活性成分充分析出,从而最大发挥中药治疗疾病的功效。为了检测药材在煎煮过程中活性成分的溶出度变化情况,运用光谱成像技术,以中药材黄柏为例,检测了其在煎煮过程中不同时刻的荧光强度,分析结果从侧面反映了黄柏活性成分的溶出度规律。     

复方制剂中格列美脲的溶出度测定

建立了测定复方格列美脲片中格列美脲的HPLC并用于自制复方制剂与国外上市制剂的溶出度对比研究.以浓度0.04％的三羟甲基氨基甲烷作为溶出介质,使用D-800LS智能溶出度仪,在228nm波长处测定格列美脲的溶出量.格列美脲浓度在2.544-12.72μg/mL范围内峰面积与浓度呈良好的线性关系,格列美脲的平均回收率为100.3％,相对标准偏差为0..78％.溶出液在8h内稳定.测定结果显示,本品在45min的溶出度可达80％以上.经与国外上市产品比较,自制的复方制剂质量与上市产品一致.     

光纤药物在位溶出度/释放度监测仪实时监测甲硝唑维B6片体外溶出度

采用光纤化学传感技术,建立了实时、在位监测固体复方制剂体外溶出度的测定方法.分支光纤一端连接光源,公共端部探头浸入溶出液,另一端连接检测器,计算机记录并处理数据.实验显示,甲硝唑维B6片中甲硝唑的高、中、低浓度组回收率分别为100.8%,99.8%和100.6%;RSD分别为2.5,0.8,1.1;维生素B6的高、中、低浓度组回收率分别为98.8%,100.8%和98.8%;RSD分别为4.1,4.1,2.5.该法可监测药物溶出的全过程,显示药物实时溶出曲线图,直接提取相关溶出参数.表明,光纤化学溶出度过程监测法能够有效的测定固体药物的体外溶出度,并能真实地反映药物溶出的全过程.     

阿霉素凝胶体外释放度的测定

建立阿霉素凝胶的制备方法,并考察其体外释放度。采用紫外分光光度法,恒温空气浴摇床装置(温度为37℃±0.5℃,转速为50r/min),以pH7.4的PBS为溶出介质测定阿霉素凝胶的释放度,检测波长为254nm。阿霉素凝胶在24h内释放较快,体外释放率达到56.67%左右,随后可持续稳定释药,释放时间可达到7天以上。阿霉素凝胶体外释放性能良好,具有明显的缓释作用。     

六通道光纤传感药物溶出度监测仪的研制及应用

药物溶出度试验是药品检验的重要项目,在药物质量评价方面起着非常重要的作用。利用光纤传感技术可以实现药物溶出度的自动化、过程化监测。以氙灯、氘灯或卤钨灯作为荧光、紫外光及可见光的光源,以Y型分支光纤作为光路传输介质,紫外-可见吸收探头或荧光分子探头作为光响应器件,CCD作为检测器,通过自编软件实现紫外-可见吸收及荧光猝灭两种模式的检测。光纤传感药物溶出度监测仪不但解决了目前离线取样分析方法耗时、耗力的缺点,而且提供了药物溶出过程的实时信息,为药物质量控制提供了更好的评价手段。     

薰衣草精油微胶囊释放过程的红外光谱研究

为了解薰衣草精油β-环糊精包合物的构成形式和精油随温度变化的缓释过程,利用傅里叶变换红外变换光谱(FTIR)技术,对薰衣草精油(LO)、β-环糊精(β-CD)及薰衣草精油微胶囊(LOM)进行红外光谱对比分析,同时对不同温度下精油缓释过程中微胶囊红外光谱变化进行了分析,并结合主成分分析,进一步探究β-CD包埋LO后物理化学稳定性及LO释放过程。结果表明,LO包埋后其特征峰有红移现象、峰形变宽,这主要受形成分子间氢键、p-π共轭现象和β-CD空间结构影响;另外,设定温度变化范围25～95 ℃,温度间隔10 ℃,测定LOM的红外光谱,以考证β-CD包埋LO的物理化学稳定性及释放情况,分析实验结果表明,LOM中水合物分子较易失去,LOM中的精油组分物理化学性质稳定,在95 ℃时逸出量小于6.5%,释放缓慢;对变温红外光谱数据进行主成分分析(PCA),前二个主成分的累积方差为99.3%,通过主成分载荷分析,PC1成分可认为是β-CD特征变量,PC2成分为LO特征变量,主成分结果表明,LOM包埋精油中酯类物质的释放速度要快于醇类物质。采用红外分析方法简便快捷,全面了解包埋精油的物理化学稳定性和释放过程,为薰衣草精油微胶囊释放过程的研究提供新的理论支持。     

罗替戈汀微球体外释放度的检查方法

分别采用摇床法和流通池法测定罗替戈汀微球的体外释放度,并通过与体内药动学曲线拟合进行选择.结果表明,摇床法和流通池法测定的体外释放度均与体内吸收具有明显相关性,相关系数r分别为0.9937和0.9978,且流通池法可检测到微球存在的较小突释.摇床法和流通池法均可用于罗替戈汀微球的体外释放度检查,流通池法作为一种新型溶出...     

Dye Release from Laser Irradiated Liposomes

The main focus of this paper is to examine the consequence of laser pulses of narrow width impinging on phosphatidylcholine liposomes containing sulforhodamine dye molecules. The release of dye molecules following short-pulsed laser excitation and localized heating was measured and its dependence on laser excitation parameters studied. A characterization of the optimal conditions necessary for release of liposome contents can be applied to the targeted delivery of therapeutic drugs.     

Controlled Release of an Antihypertensive Drug through Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel Tablets of Tamarind Seed Polysaccharide and Sodium Alginate

The application of interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) hydrogel tablets of tamarind seed polysaccharide and sodium alginate for controlled release of a water-soluble antihypertensive drug, propranolol HCl (PPL), was investigated. The IPN tablets loaded with PPL or PPL–resin complex (resinate) were prepared by a wet granulation/covalent cross-linking method. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopic confirmed the cross-linking reaction and IPN formation, while X-ray Diffraction and Scanning Electron Microscopy studies confirmed the amorphous dispersion of the drug within the IPN tablets. The plain drug PPL showed complete release within 1 h, while drug release from the resinate was prolonged for 2.5 h and the IPN matrices showed drug release up to 24 h. The drug release rate from the IPN matrices was affected by polymer concentration and cross-linking time; the higher the cross-linking time, the slower was the drug release. The drug release mechanism was found to be of a non-Fickian type.     

Palladium Release in Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry

The absorbance signal in electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry is a result of the processes of atom formation and dissipation and first of all depends on the initial generation of atoms from the surface. The rising part of the absorbance time profiles can be used for characterization of the release of the metals like Pd, Ag, Au etc. The method is applied to investigate the palladium release from a pyrocoated graphite support at different initial masses of the Pd. The kinetic parameters are evaluated and conclusions about the distribution of palladium on the graphite surface are made. The estimated values of apparent activation energies depend on the initial mass of analyte. The advantages and limitations of the present approach are discussed.     

阿莫西林分散片溶出度光纤化学传感在线过程检测

采用双波长法消除赋形剂的干扰,利用六通道光纤化学传感原位过程分析仪(FOCSDT)在线监测阿莫西林分散片溶出度。FOCSDT的平均校准曲线方程为y=188.38x+0.7607,回归系数r为0.9998。阿莫西林分散片的溶出数据与中国药典(Ch.P)方法对照无显著性差异。FOCSDT法无需取液、稀释等手工操作,能实时监测药物溶出全过程,为速释制剂内在质量的检测提供良好的手段。     

油茶皂苷-干酪素控释片的制备及其性能研究

以油茶皂苷为主药,采用干酪素和瓜尔豆胶为控释辅料,制备油茶皂苷-干酪素控释片。研究油茶皂苷-干酪素片中油茶皂苷含量的测定方法、溶出介质对油茶皂苷-干酪素控释片释放度的影响及油茶皂苷-干酪素控释片的红外光谱,并对油茶皂苷-干酪素片体外释放动力学方程进行拟合。用香草醛-浓硫酸显色法测定pH 6.8的磷酸盐缓冲溶液作为释放介质时油茶皂苷-干酪素片中油茶皂苷的含量,回收率为98.59%。油茶皂苷-干酪素控释片在pH 6.8的磷酸盐缓冲液中,释放时间分别为3,6和12h时,其释放度分别为:23.80%,51.26%和94.77%。体外释药曲线与零级方程拟合相关性较好,相关系数(R2)为0.996。油茶皂苷、干酪素和瓜尔豆胶之间可能形成了化学键。     

Factors affecting the morphology of benzoyl peroxide microsponges

Benzoyl peroxide (BPO) is primarily used in the treatment of mild to moderate acne. However, its application is associated with skin irritation. It has been shown that encapsulation and controlled release of BPO could reduce the side effect while also reducing percutaneous absorption when administered to the skin. The aim of the present investigation was to design and formulate an appropriate encapsulated form of BPO, using microsponge technology, and explore the parameters affecting the morphology and other characteristics of the resultant products employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Benzoyl peroxide particles were prepared using an emulsion solvent diffusion method by adding an organic internal phase containing benzoyl peroxide, ethyl cellulose and dichloromethane into a stirred aqueous phase containing polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Different concentrations of BPO microsponges were incorporated in lotion formulations and the drug release from these formulations were studied. The SEM micrographs of the BPO microsponges enabled measurement of their size and showed that they were spherical and porous. Results showed that the morphology and particle size of microsponges were affected by drug:polymer ratio, stirring rate and the amount of emulsifier used. The results obtained also showed that an increase in the ratio of drug:polymer resulted in a reduction in the release rate of BPO from the microsponges. The release data showed that the highest and the lowest release rates were obtained from lotions containing plain BPO particles and BPO microsponges with the drug:polymer ratio of 13:1, respectively. The kinetics of release study showed that the release data followed Peppas model and the main mechanism of drug release from BPO microsponges was diffusion.     

Oxidative Precipitation as a Versatile Method to Obtain Ferromagnetic Fe3O4 Nano- and Mesocrystals Adjustable in Morphology and Magnetic Properties

Oxidative precipitation is a facile synthesis method to obtain ferromagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles from ferrous salts—with unexplored potential. The concentration of base and oxidant alone strongly affects the particle's structure and thus their magnetic properties despite the same material, magnetite (Fe₃O₄), is obtained when precipitated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) from ferrous sulfate (FeSO₄) and treated with potassium nitrate (KNO₃) at appropriate temperature. Depending on the potassium hydroxide and potassium nitrate concentrations, it is possible to obtain a series of different types of either single crystals or mesocrystals. The time-dependent mesocrystal evolution can be revealed via electron microscopy and provides insights into the process of oriented attachment, yielding faceted particles, showing a facet-dependent reactivity. It is found that it is the nitrate and hydroxide concentration that influences the ligand exchange process and thus the crystallization pathways. The presence of sulfate ions contributes to the mesocrystal evolution as well, as sulfate apparently hinders further crystal fusion, as revealed via infrared spectroscopy. Finally, it is found that nitrite, as one possible and ecologically highly relevant reduction product occurring in nature in context with iron, only evolves if the reaction is quantitative.