高质量立方相ZnMgO的制备与紫外受激发射特性研究（英文）

利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)设备在蓝宝石衬底上制备了高质量Zn_(1-x)Mg_xO单晶薄膜,并对其结构和光学特性进行了深入细致的研究。通过能量衍射谱(EDS)确认Zn_(1-x)Mg_xO薄膜的Mg组分为45%。在Zn0.55Mg0.45O薄膜的X射线衍射谱(XRD)中观测到了明显的位于36.67°的衍射峰,对应的是(111)晶向的立方相ZnMgO。从透射光谱中可以看出,Zn0.55Mg0.45O具有陡峭的吸收边,没有发生相分离,在透射电镜图谱中也得到了证实。该ZnMgO薄膜还表现出了优异的光学特性,在Zn0.55Mg0.45O材料体系中实现了峰位位于310 nm的紫外光泵浦受激发射,其激光发射的阈值仅为22 k W/cm2。     

分子束外延方法生长p型氧化锌薄膜

用等离子辅助分子束外延 (P MBE)的方法 ,在蓝宝石c 平面上外延生长了p型氧化锌薄膜。在实验中采用高纯金属锌作为Zn源、NO作为O源和掺杂源 ,通过射频等离子体激活进行生长。在生长温度 30 0℃ ,NO气体流量为 1.0sccm ,射频功率为 30 0W的条件下 ,获得了重复性很好的p型ZnO ,且载流子浓度最大可达 1.2× 10 19cm-3 ,迁移率为 0 .0 5 35cm2 ·V-1·s-1,电阻率为 9.5Ω·cm。     

分子束外延HgCdTe材料的光致发光研究

报道了分子束外延生长 Ｈｇ０．６８ Ｃｄ０．３２ Ｔｅ 材料的光致发光测量结果。研究了原生样品和退火处理样品、以及氮离子注入样品的低温光致发光特征。对光致发光的测试结果进行拟合得到的禁带宽度, 与用红外透射谱得到的薄膜禁带宽相近; 其半峰宽和带尾能量较小, 显示了较高的薄膜质量。样品经过退火后带尾能量降低, 双晶衍射的半峰宽也有明显的变窄     

MgZnO半导体材料光致发光以及共振拉曼光谱研究

用分子束外延设备在c面蓝宝石衬底上生长得到高质量Mg x Zn1-x O薄膜。X射线衍射显示,当Mg摩尔分数在0~32.7%范围内时,薄膜保持六方结构,(002)衍射峰半高宽为0.08°~0.12°,薄膜结晶质量与现有报道的最高水平相当。随着薄膜中Mg含量的增加,紫外发光峰由378 nm蓝移至303 nm。对Mg0.108Zn0.892O薄膜变温光致发光光谱的研究发现,束缚激子发光随温度变化存在两个不同的猝灭过程。对不同Mg含量薄膜共振拉曼光谱的研究发现,A1(LO)声子模频移与Mg含量在一定范围内呈线性关系,这为确定Mg x Zn1-x O薄膜中的Mg含量提供了一种简单高效的方法。通过拉曼光谱与X射线衍射对比研究发现,拉曼光谱在确定MgZnO材料相变时具有更高的灵敏度。最后,研究了Mg0.057Zn0.943O薄膜的变温共振拉曼光谱,对A1(LO)和A1(2LO)声子模随温度而变化的现象给出了一定的理论解释。     

在c-面蓝宝石上控制生长高质量的ZnO单晶薄膜

利用Mg O和低温Zn O的缓冲层技术,在c面蓝宝石衬底上用等离子体辅助分子束外延(P-MBE)的方法生长了高质量的Zn O单晶薄膜。通过XRD测试,Zn O薄膜样品具有c轴方向的择优取向,其(002)方向摇摆曲线的半高宽(FWHM)仅为68.4 arcsec,(102)方向摇摆曲线的半高宽(FWHM)为1 150 arcsec,显示了外延薄膜极高的晶体质量。另外从扫描电子显微测试结果和原子力显微测试结果来看,Zn O薄膜具有极为平整的表面,3μm×3μm面积内的均方根粗糙度仅为0.842 nm,接近原子级的平整。拉曼光谱(Raman)和荧光光谱(PL)测试结果显示,Zn O薄膜样品内部的应力基本释放,而且具有极低的点缺陷密度。高质量Zn O单晶薄膜的实现为Zn O基的光电器件的制备提供了坚实的基础。     

分子束外延法在Sapphire衬底上生长的Zn1－xMgxO薄膜折射率及厚度的测试

利用偏振光椭圆率测量仪对分子束外延(MBE)法在Sapphire衬底上生长的Zn_1-xMg_xO 薄膜的薄膜折射率和厚度进行了测试. 结合ICP法测得的薄膜中的Mg组成量，经数值拟合，导出表征薄膜厚度与薄膜生长条件、薄膜折射率与薄膜中的Mg组成量之间关系的曲线，为MBE法在Sapphire衬底上生长Zn_1-xMg_xO 薄膜时控制薄膜厚度以及在制作Zn_1-xMg_xO 薄膜的波导时控制薄膜的折射率提供了理论依据. 关键词： ZnMgO薄膜 偏振光椭圆率测量仪 折射率 分子束外延(MBE)     

利用ICP法测定ZnMgO薄膜的Mg组分

利用电感耦合等离子体(ICP)装置对分子束外延(MBE)法在Sapphire衬底上生长的Zn_1-xMg_xO薄膜的Mg组分进行了测试. 经理论分析，得到使用1次和2次检量式所确定的Zn_1-xMg_xO薄膜中的Mg组分的差异. 将采用1次检量式的ICP测定与EPMA测定结果进行对照，表明当Mg组分x≤0.5时二者的测试结果相当一致，由此证明ICP测试结果的正确性. 关键词： ZnMgO薄膜 Mg组分 分子束外延(MBE) 电感耦合等离子体(ICP)     

分子束外延法在Sapphire衬底上生长的Zn1-xMgxO薄膜折射率及厚度的测试

利用偏振光椭圆率测量仪对分子束外延(MBE)法在Sapphire衬底上生长的Zn1-xMgxO薄膜的薄膜折射率和厚度进行了测试.结合ICP法测得的薄膜中的Mg组成量,经数值拟合,导出表征薄膜厚度与薄膜生长条件、薄膜折射率与薄膜中的Mg组成量之间关系的曲线,为MBE法在Sapphire衬底上生长Zn1-xMgxO薄膜时控制薄膜厚度以及在制作Zn1-xMgxO薄膜的波导时控制薄膜的折射率提供了理论依据.     

非对称ZnO/ZnMgO双量子阱内量子效率的提高

在c-plane面蓝宝石衬底上生长了ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O非对称双量子阱,其内量子效率相对于对称量子阱有了显著的提高。ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O的10周期对称量子阱和5周期非对称双量子阱都是利用等离子体辅助分子束外延技术制备的。ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O非对称双量子阱的内量子效率提高至对称阱的1.56倍。时间分辨光谱和光致发光谱测试结果证实,在ZnO/Zn0.85Mg0.15O非对称双量子阱中存在从窄阱到宽阱的激子隧穿过程,这是内量子效率提高的主要原因。     

石英玻璃衬底上纤锌矿Mg0.25Zn0.75O薄膜的结构及光学性能

MgxZn1-xO材料是一种新型光电功能材料.采用溶胶凝胶法在石英玻璃上制备了Mg0.25Zn0.75O薄膜,理论结合实验研究了Mg0.25Zn0.75O薄膜的结构和光学性能.研究表明,石英玻璃衬底上Mg0.25Zn0.75O薄膜呈六方纤锌矿结构,薄膜均匀,平均粒径约为20 nm.吸收光谱表明吸收带边始于360 nm,相应的禁带宽度为3.83 eV.发光光谱包含三个发射峰,分别位于384.9 nm(3.23 eV),444.8 nm(2.79 eV)和533.6 nm(2.32 eV),激发光谱峰位于378 nm.由于Mg离子的间隙缺陷导致Mg0.25Zn0.75O薄膜晶格增大,禁带宽度变宽,紫外、蓝光和绿光发射分别红移59,14和12.6 nm.     

The influence of substrate and annealing temperatures on electrical properties of p-type ZnO films

In this study, p-type ZnO films with excellent electrical properties were prepared by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) combining with a N-Al codoping technique. The influence of the substrate temperature and annealing temperature on electrical properties of ZnO films was investigated. The growth and doping process of ZnO films was explored by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and mass spectrum (TG-DSC-MS) measurements. It is suggested that the variation of electrical properties of ZnO films with the substrate temperature and annealing temperature results from the removal of H element out of the films.     

MOCVD法生长Ga、P掺杂的ZnO薄膜

采用金属有机化学气相沉积法在蓝宝石衬底上制备Ga、P掺杂的ZnO薄膜,分别采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、霍尔效应测试、光致发光谱对样品进行表征。通过Ga、P掺杂分别得到n、p型ZnO薄膜,n型ZnO薄膜的载流子浓度可以达到1×1019cm-3,p型ZnO薄膜的载流子浓度达到1.66×1016cm-3。所制备的ZnO薄膜具有c轴择优生长取向,并且p型ZnO薄膜具有较好的光致发光特性。     

光辅助对MOCVD法制备ZnO薄膜性能的影响

采用光辅助金属有机化学气相沉积(MOCVD)技术在(0001)蓝宝石衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜。通过X射线衍射、透射光谱和霍尔测试等研究了光照对MOCVD法制备的ZnO薄膜的影响。实验结果表明,引入光辅助后制备的ZnO薄膜,其结晶质量和光学质量均得到改善。分析认为,这主要是由于光辅助有助于提高锌有机源的分解效率,并且高能量的光子可为反应吸附的原子提供足够高的激活能,从而易于其迁移到合适的晶格位置所致。同时我们还发现,有光照和无光照条件下制备的ZnO薄膜均呈n型导电,但有光照条件下制备的ZnO薄膜具有更低的本底载流子浓度,这将为日后通过降低自补偿实现p型掺杂提供一个很好的解决办法。     

Electrical and optical properties of ZnO films grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Zinc oxide (ZnO) films have been grown on sapphire by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), and it is found that the grain size of the ZnO films increased with increasing the growth temperature. Photoluminescence (PL) study shows that the intensity ratio of near-band-edge emission to deep-level-related emission (NBE/DL) of the ZnO is significantly enhanced with increasing the growth temperature, and the dependence of the carrier mobility on the growth temperature shows very similar trend, which implies that there is a community factor that determines the optical and electrical properties of ZnO, and this factor is suggested to be the grain boundary. The results obtained in this paper reveal that by reducing the grain boundaries, ZnO films with high optical and electrical properties may be acquired.     

Comparison of the optical properties of undoped and Ga-doped ZnO thin films deposited using RF magnetron sputtering at room temperature

The optical properties of undoped zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films of various thicknesses were compared with those of Ga-doped (GZO) thin films. Transparent, high-quality undoped ZnO and GZO films were deposited successfully using radio-frequency (RF) sputtering at room temperature. The films were polycrystalline with a hexagonal structure and a strongly preferred orientation along the c-axis. The films had an average optical transmission >85% in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. The undoped ZnO thin films were more transparent than the GZO thin films. In the photoluminescence (PL) spectrum, ZnO film has higher quality than GZO as a result of decrease in the green emission intensity.     

Transparent conductive ZnO:Al films grown by atomic layer deposition for Si-wire-based solar cells

Structural, electrical, and optical properties of atomic layer-controlled Al-doped ZnO (ZnO:Al) films grown by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on glass substrates were characterized at various growth temperatures for use as transparent electrodes. The Al atomic content in ZnO:Al films increased due to the reduced ZnO film growth rate with increasing temperature. The preferred orientation of ZnO:Al films was changed, and the optimum condition for best crystallinity was identified by varying the growth temperature. Furthermore, the carrier concentration of free electron was increased by substituting the Zn sites with Al atoms in the crystal, resulting from monolayer growth based on alternate self-limiting surface chemical reactions. The electrical resistivity of ZnO:Al film grown by ALD at 225 °C reached the lowest value of 8.45 × 10⁻⁴ Ω cm, with a carrier mobility of 9.00 cm² V⁻¹ s⁻¹ and optical transmittance of ∼93%. This result demonstrates that ZnO:Al films grown by ALD possess excellent potential for applications in electronic devices and displays as transparent electrodes and surface passivation layers.     

LiGaO2衬底上ZnO外延膜的结构与光学特性

采用磁控溅射法在(001),(100)及(010)LiGaO2衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、透过光谱以及光致发光谱(PL)对薄膜的结构、形貌及光学性质进行了表征.结果表明LiGaO2衬底不同晶面上制备的ZnO薄膜具有不同的择优取向,在(001)、(100)及(010)LiGaO2上分别获得了[001]、[1100]及[1120]取向的ZnO薄膜;不同取向的ZnO薄膜表面形貌差异较大;薄膜在可见光波段具有较高的透过率;在ZnO薄膜的光致发光谱中只观察到了位于378 nm的紫外发射峰,而深能级发射几乎观察不到,(1100)取向的薄膜紫外发射峰强度最大,半高宽也最小,薄膜光致发光件质的差异丰要和晶粒尺寸有关.     

Electrical properties and Raman scattering investigation of Ag doped ZnO thin films

Ag-doped ZnO thin films were deposited on quartz glass substrates by a radio-frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique at room temperature (RT). The influence of Ag doping content on the electrical and Raman scattering properties of ZnO films were systematically investigated by Hall measurement system and Raman scattering spectrum. Two additional local vibrational modes (LVMs) at 230.0 and 394.5 cm^?1 induced by Ag dopant in ZnO:Ag films were observed by Raman analyses at RT, corresponding to Ag atoms located at O sites (LV M_Zn?Ag) and Zn sites (LV M_Ag?O) in ZnO lattice. Moreover, we further studied the effect of donor Ag_O and acceptor Ag_Zn defects on the electrical properties of ZnO:Ag films. The results indicate that O-rich condition is preferred to suppress the formation of Ag_O defects and enhance Ag_Zn defects. The p-type ZnO:Ag film was achieved by properly optimizing the annealing conditions under O-rich condition.     

Microstructure and electro-optical properties of sol–gel derived Cd-doped ZnO films

The microstructure, and the electrical and optical properties of undoped zinc oxide (ZnO) and cadmium-doped ZnO (CZO) films deposited by a sol–gel method have been investigated. The films have a polycrystalline structure with hexagonal wurtzite ZnO. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated that the films have a wrinkle network with uniform size distributions. The elemental analyses of the CZO films were carried out by energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The fundamental absorption edge changed with doping. The optical band gap of the films decreased with Cd dopant. The optical constants of the films such as refractive index, extinction coefficient and dielectric constants changed with Cd dopant. A two-probe method was used to investigate the electrical properties, and the effect of Cd content on the electrical properties was investigated. The electrical conductivity of the films was improved by incorporation of Cd in the ZnO film.     

Controlling the orientation of ZnO nanorod arrays using TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> thin film templates dip-coated by sol–gel

The oriented ZnO nanorod arrays have been synthesized on a silicon wafer that coated with TiO₂ films by aqueous chemical method. The morphologies, phase structure and the photoluminescence (PL) properties of the as-obtained product were investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and PL spectrum. The nanorods were about 100 nm in diameter and more than 1 μm in length, which possessed wurtzite structure with a c axis growth direction. The room-temperature PL measurement of the nanorod arrays showed strong ultraviolet emission. The effect of the crystal structure and the thickness of TiO₂ films on the morphologies of ZnO nanostructures were investigated. It was found that the rutile TiO₂ films were appropriate to the oriented growth of ZnO nanorod arrays in comparison with anatase TiO₂ films. Moreover, flakelike ZnO nanostructures were obtained with increasing the thickness of anatase TiO₂ films.