Rb原子激发态碰撞能量转移

报道了用连续单模激光激发Rb原子至特定的激发态，从而观察激发态间的碰撞形成更高Rb原子激发态的实验结果.实验观察到Rb原子激发态的自发辐射与高激发态的碰撞形成通道之间的明显竞争，测得了高激发态的形成概率与激发光功率、原子蒸气温度及激光失谐的关系，所提出的碰撞能量转移机理较好地解释了实验结果. 关键词：     

CdSe量子点的线性和非线性光学特性

主要从实验和理论两个方面,探讨了强受限尺寸区域内不同尺寸对CdSe量子点线性和非线性光学性质的影响.用吸收光谱研究了量子点尺寸与吸收峰之间的关系,用皮秒Z扫描技术研究了共振和非共振情况下(激发光波长分别为532和1064nm),尺寸与三阶非线性极化率之间的关系.基于电子能量状态理论和局域场增强理论对量子点进行分析,得到了CdSe不同尺寸的三阶非线性效应,研究了尺寸对量子点非线性光学性质的影响.结果表明,由激发态粒子数布局改变和纳米颗粒增大引起的非线性共振增强效应相当,二者共同作用使得三阶极化率增强20倍左右,且用532nm的共振频率激发4.3nm CdSe量子点时,χ⁽³⁾具有最大值2.0×10^-11esu. 关键词： CdSe量子点 三阶非线性 Z扫描')" href="#">Z扫描 量子限域效应     

自旋相关的Λ超子与核子间张量相互作用的首次观测

超核γ谱学国际合作组在用超球γ谱仪(Hyperball)进行的1Λ6O的γ射线谱学测量中,观察到由1Λ6O的6.6MeV12-激发态跃迁到基态自旋翻转二重态(11-和0-)之间的两条γ射线.由这两条γ射线的能量差得到基态二重态之间的能量间隔为26.4±1.6(统计误差)±0.5(系统误差)keV,并由此推导出ΛN之间的张量相互作用强度T=0.03MeV.实验还测定了Λ16O的12-激发态的激发能为6561.7±1.1(统计误差)±1.7(系统误差)keV.     

双光子共振激发Rb原子高激发态的瞬态相干效应

本文采用微微秒同步泵浦可调谐染料激光器,研究了Rb原子高激发态15d的双光子共振激发和增强效应,获得了1.065μ→4210(?)的频率上转换;给出自位相匹配与4210(?)相干辐射输出的关系.本文重点研究了高激发态的瞬态相干效应,得到了高激发态瞬态相干的失相过程;实验指明,双光子共振激发获得最大极化的时间是120ps,直到350ps,在探测光作用下仍可诱导出4212(?)相干辐射光.     

自旋相关的A超子与核子间张量相互作用的首次观测

超核γ谱学国际合作组在用超球γ谱仪(Hyperball)进行的16AO的γ射线谱学测量中,观察到由16AO的6.6 MeV12-激发态跃迁到基态自旋翻转二重态(11-和0-)之间的两条γ射线.由这两条γ射线的能量差得到基态二重态之间的能量间隔为26.4±1.6(统计误差)±0.5(系统误差)keV,并由此推导出AN之间的张量相互作用强度T=0.03MeV.实验还测定了16AO的12-激发态的激发能为6561.7±1.1(统计误差)±1.7(系统误差)keV.     

ΛN张量相互作用的首次观测

在用HYPERBALL进行的16ΛO的γ射线谱学测量中, 观察到由16ΛO的6.6 MeV 1－2 激发态跃迁到基态自旋翻转二重态( 1－1和0-)之间的两条γ射线. 由这两条γ射线的能量差得到基态二重态之间的能量间隔为26.4 ± 1.6(stat) ± 0.5(syst) keV, 并由此推导出ΛN之间的张量相互作用强度T=0.03MeV.实验还测定了16ΛO的激发态的激发能为6561.7 ± 1.1(stat) ± 1.7(syst) keV.     

207Rn能级结构的实验研究

利用能量为85—95MeV的^0束流，通过^196Pt(^160，5n)^207Rn反应布居了^207Rn的高自旋态。实验进行了γ射线的激发函数、γ射线的单谱、衰变谱和γ—γ—t符合测量。建立了由17条γ射线组成的^207Rn能级纲图，并且基于实验测量的DC0系数建议了各能级的自旋值。用一个人f5/2价中子空穴与^207Rn核芯耦合定性地解释了^207Rn的低位激发态。     

单分子荧光过程的Monte-Carlo模拟

从单分子发光过程中电子在激发态上的停留时间t服从P(t)=γe^-γt分布出发,对单分子荧光过程进行M-C(Monte-Carlo)随机试验,得到了单分子的激发态相邻两次发光的时间间隔的统计结果以及单分子荧光强度的自相关函数,并对其进行了详细地讨论,这些结果与目前文献报道的实验结果相一致.     

PbS纳米颗粒复合的溶胶凝胶薄膜的飞秒非线性光学特性

通过光Kerr效应研究了PbS半导体纳米颗粒的三阶光学非线性响应。在较低的激发强度下,单激子态的饱和吸收和双激子效应的激发态吸收对非线性的贡献同时存在;而在高激发强度下,双激子效应是主要的。计算了高激发强度下(4mJ/cm²)PbS半导体纳米颗粒的三阶非线性光学极化率为5.1×10^-10esu。     

强红外激光引起BCl_3分子可见荧光的脉冲光-声-光效应

用时间、空间分辨的方法研究了OAO荧光对时间、空间的依赖关系。观察到反应池几何形状对OAO荧光的显著影响。记录了CO_2脉冲激光激发BCl_3分子时形成的脉冲声波,及其与OAO荧光的对应关系。证实了OAO荧光是脉冲声波对BCl_3激发态分子的再激发。用简单的模型计算了OAO荧光的形成、轴向移动速度,结果与实验基本一致。     

Precise measurement of the energy of γ rays excited in <Superscript>191</Superscript>Pt decay

The energy differences for 19 pairs of γ rays are measured with a γ spectrometer. The first γ transition in each pair is excited in decay of ¹⁹¹Pt, and the second transition, accompanying the decay of ¹⁸²Ta or ¹⁹²Tr is a third-order nuclear spectroscopic normal. The energies of nine ¹⁹¹Ir levels and 36 γ-ray photons accompanying decay of ¹⁹¹Pt, were determined with high accuracy on the basis of these data.     

Coulomb enhancement of the third-order nonlinearities in the mesoscopic semiconductor structures

The prospects for the enhancement of the third-order optical nonlinearity in the mesoscopic semiconductor structures: quantum wells, wires, and boxes are analyzed. It is shown, that if the structures are designed in such a way that the ground state and the excited states wavefunctions are spatially separated, then the electrostatic Coulomb interactions will result in the enhancement of the optical nonlinearity. The enhancement factor has been analyzed for the structures of different shapes and material compositions. It was found that the possible enhancement factor ranges from 2 for quantum wells to 10 for quantum wires and boxes.     

Dispersion of the third-order susceptibility of a cyanine dye measured by coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering

The dispersion of the third-order susceptibility of the cyanine dye bis-(dimethylamino)-heptamethinium chloride was measured by Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (CARS) over a wide wavelength range from 530 to 830 nm. Large negative values of the real part of the second-order hyperpolarizability are observed. The data are analyzed with the help of theoretical calculations based on a perturbative approach for the nonlinearities. The dispersion behavior of the third-order susceptibility is governed by the resonant enhancement due to vibrational transitions of the first excited electronic state and, to lesser extent, by an electronic two-photon resonance around 600 nm.     

非醚PPQ的三阶非线性光学性质及其时间响应

研究了一种易加工、光吸收小、热稳定性好的材料──非醚聚苯基喹啉（Ｐｏｌｙｐｈｅｎｙｌｑｕｉｎｏｘａｌｉｎｅｓ，缩写ＰＰＱ）的三阶非线性光学性质，用皮秒时间分辨简并四波混频方法测得材料的三阶非线性系数χ（３）～３×１０－１０ｅｓｕ及其时间响应快于３５ｐｓ（受所用激光脉冲宽度的限制）。     

Low-frequency strong-field ionization and excitation of hydrogen atom

The dynamics of hydrogen atom in the presence of a strong radiation field of the titanium-sapphire laser is studied for the Keldysh parameters γ ≥ 1 and γ ≤ 1. It is demonstrated that the ionization is supplemented with the effective population of the excited states with the principal quantum numbers n = 5–10 in the entire range of variation in the Keldysh parameter. The population of the excited Rydberg states can be interpreted as a consequence of the multiphoton resonance involving the initial 1s state and a group of excited states in the vicinity of the continuum boundary with the simultaneous repopulation of these states by Λ-type Raman transitions under the action of the laser field. The resulting coherent Rydberg packet appears to be stable with respect to ionization, so that the ionization of the atomic system in the presence of strong electromagnetic field is suppressed. Physical reasons for the stabilization are discussed. An interpretation of the effective population of the Rydberg states in the recent experiments on the ionization of atomic helium by the titanium-sapphire laser is proposed.     

藻蓝蛋白(C-Pc)的三阶光学非线性和激发态弛豫

随着对生物体系的深入研究,特别是对光合作用原初光物理过程的研究,使人们认识到对光合器官中生物大分子的光学性质进行研究的必要性,这对理解它们结构与功能的关系有重要的参考价值.藻蓝蛋白(C-Pc)是藻类光合作用中重要的捕光色素分子之一,它在光合原初反应能量传递等过程中起着重要的作用.     

Excited-state absorption in oxidized cytochrome c solution

Nonlinear absorption dynamics of oxidized cytochrome c in water solution was investigated at 532 nm with Z-scan and pump–probe techniques. The optical characterization of this compound is very important owing to its similarity with hematoporphyrin-based drugs commonly used in photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment. We observed a saturable absorption process related to the excited singlet population, followed by a fast decay to the ground state. The optical excitation and subsequent relaxation were interpreted with a three-energy-level diagram, allowing the first singlet excited-state absorption cross section and lifetime determination. PACS 42.65.Sf; 78.66.Qn; 42.62.Be     

Femtosecond time-resolved difference absorption spectroscopy of all-trans-β-Apo-8′-carotenal

The femtosecond time-resolved difference absorption spectra of all-trans-βApo-8′-carotenal have been recorded and analyzed by the singular-value decomposition (SVD) method followed by global fitting using a sequential model for the excited-state energy relaxation. With this model, we have obtained the excited-state absorption spectra and the lifetimes of the corresponding excited states both in nonpolar solvent n-hexane and polar solvent methanol. Three excited states, namely S3(170fs), S2(2.32ps) and S1(26ps) in n-hexane, and two excited states S2 (190fs) and S1(9.4ps) in methanol have been observed. The excited-state absorption spectra of all-trans-β-Apo-8′-carotenal in methanol display a red shift and broadeness, while the lifetime of S1 state becomes shorter. It is proposed that these effects are related to the presence of a carbonyl functional group that leads to the solvent effect on the excited-state energy level. At the same time, it is shown that the SVD method is a useful tool in resolving the time-resolved absorption spectra.     

Excited-state dynamics of magnesium phthalocyanine thin film

Ultrafast excitation relaxation dynamics of magnesium phthalocyanine (MgPc) thin film were investigated by femtosecond pump-probe spectroscopy. The excited state dynamics of MgPc's Q-band were found to be strongly dependent on the probe wavelength. Ultrafast exciton–exciton annihilation with a t^−1/2 time dependence of the excited-state population was observed.     

Excited-state Enhanced Third-order Nonlinearity of Azobenzene Material

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