基体溶液改进-原子荧光法测定食品中的汞

探讨改进基体溶液双道原子荧光光谱法测定食品样品中的汞。样品消解后用6mol/L盐酸、硫脲+抗坏血酸(50g/L)作为基体溶液进行仪器测定。本方法检出限0.051μg/g,最低检出质量浓度0.10μg/L,相对标准偏差为7.45%、6.76%,回收率为88.6%—113.2%。方法具稳定性好、灵敏度高、检出限低等优点。     

双道原子荧光光谱法同时测定土壤中的砷和汞

建立了同时测定土壤中砷和汞的原子荧光光谱法。样品的相对标准偏差 As为 3.94 % ,Hg为 5 .0 0 % ,回收率在 90 %— 93%之间 ,对砷、汞的检出限分别为 0 .18μg/L和 0 .0 5 7μg/L。本法操作简便、快速、灵敏度高。     

壳聚糖包覆CdTe量子点传感器测定痕量汞

研究了在水相中合成了高质量的巯基乙酸包被的CdTe,通过1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺(EDC)连接了壳聚糖。在pH6.4的PBS缓冲溶液中十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTMAB)存在下,汞离子对壳聚糖包覆的CdTe量子点具有荧光猝灭作用,实现了对水溶液中汞的定量检测。在最优条件下,壳聚糖包覆的量子点荧光猝灭与汞呈良好的线性关系,线性范围为0.3—15.0μg/L,检出限为9.5×10-8g/L。对5.0μg/L Hg2+平行测定11次,相对标准偏差为4.8%。该法用于水样品测定,相对标准偏差在5.0%以下,回收率为95.7%—102.6%,并且与ICP-AES相比,结果基本一致。该法用于实际样品测定误差较小,精密度与准确度均令人满意。     

无富集进样原子荧光光谱法测定地表水中的痕量汞

通过增大样品进样量的方式,样品进样量是标准进样量的10-100倍,降低了汞的检出限,从而达到了无富集直接进样测定地表水中痕量汞.其检出限为0.008μg/L;浓度为0.05μg/L和0.10μg/L左右的有证标准物质测定均值分别为0.0483μg/L和0.1016μg/L,加标回收率为92.3％和95.2％.灵敏度高,精密度好,能达到准确定量Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类地表水汞(0.05μg/L以下)的要求.对汉江湖北段水样进行测定,在较洁净的地表水分析中,氧化还原处理后与酸化水样测定结果差异不大,处理后水样结果略微增大.建议对较洁净的地表水样品将氧化还原预处理步骤省略掉,直接进样.     

聚丙烯酸钠增敏抑制高碘酸钠氧化夜蓝褪色光度法测定痕量锡

建立了聚丙烯酸钠增敏抑制高碘酸钠氧化夜蓝褪色光度法测定痕量锡的新方法。该方法基于聚丙烯酸钠增敏锡 ( )抑制高碘酸钠氧化夜蓝褪色反应 ,在最佳条件下 ,锡 ( )的含量在 0 .2 0— 2 .0 μg/L范围内与 ΔA值呈线性关系 ,其校准曲线的回归方程 ΔA=0 .0 0 788+ 0 .10 9CSn( ) (μg/L) ,r=0 .9992 ,检出限(L D) =1.1× 10 -11g/m L。本方法用于测定人发样品和水样中的锡含量 ,其相应的回收率为 10 0 .3%和10 0 .0 %。相对标准偏差为 3.4 %和 3.2 %。     

高效液相色谱法测定杀虫剂灭幼脲三号的含量

本文采用 Hypersil- ODS2 ( 4 .6mm× 2 50 mm,5μm)柱 ,乙腈 -水 - N,N-二甲基甲酰胺 ( 60∶ 4 0∶ 0 .1)为流动相 ,测定波长为 2 54nm,建立了测定灭幼脲三号的高效液相色谱法。该法线性范围为 2 .0— 80μg/m L,回归方程为 A=52 .4 1C+0 .1936,相关系数 r=0 .9987,精密度为 3.5% ( n=11,C=4 0μg/m L) ,检出限为 0 .0 5μg/m L。平均回收率在 96%— 10 4 %之间 ,已用于 2 5%水剂样品的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

微波消解-氢化物发生原子荧光法测定重油中的砷和汞

采用微波消解处理样品,以硫脲为预还原剂硼氢化钾为还原剂,氢化物发生原子荧光法测定重油中的砷和汞。采用微波消解方法进行样品处理,其结果表明,方法具有高效快速、试剂消耗量少、节能、环保等优点。考察了预还原剂硫脲和抗坏血酸对测定结果的影响。考察了酸度、还原剂浓度、基体效应、光电倍增管负高压、原子化器高度、灯电流和载气流量的影响,优化操作条件。测定砷和汞的线性范围分别为2~12μg/L和0.2~1.2μg/L,线性回归方程为If=a*c+b(c:μg/L),相关系数分别为0.9998和0.9981,砷和汞的检出限分别为0.009μg/L和0.007μg/L,对7个样品进行回收实验,砷、汞的回收率分别为90%~109%、92%~105%准确度较高;11次测定的标准偏差小于5%,精密度较好。本方法用于重油中砷和汞分析,可满足科研和生产需要。     

HG-AFS同时测定驱蚊水中的砷和汞

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定驱蚊水中的砷(A s)和汞(Hg)。在0—50.0μg/L范围内砷和汞的浓度与荧光强度呈线性关系,相关系数均为0.9993,加标回收率分别达到99.76%—103.46%和90.10%—100.10%,砷、汞测定结果的RSD分别小于3.9%和6.6%;同时指出了测定时应注意的事项。     

胶束增溶光度法测定土豆中微量铝

采用 Al( ) - CAS- CTMAB- OP胶束增溶分光光度法测定了土豆中的铝。实验表明 ,在 p H=6 .5的HAc- Na Ac缓冲溶液中 ,λmax=6 2 0 nm处 ,Al3 在 0— 0 .2 4 μg/ m L范围遵守朗伯 -比耳定律 ,回归方程、相关系数、回收率和 RSD分别为 :A=4 .773C- 0 .0 1 3、r=0 .9995 (n=4 )、98.8%— 1 0 2 %和 0 .5 3%。不同产地土豆样品中 Al含量为 :1号样品 1 6 8.8μg/ g,2号样品 1 6 7.0 μg/ g     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中微量锡

以氢氧化钾熔矿 ,硫酸酸化样品 ,硼氢化钾作还原剂 ,建立了氢化物发生 -原子荧光光谱法测定铁矿石中微量锡的新方法。检出限为L D(Sn) =0 .1 0 μg/ L,回收率在 96 .2 %— 1 0 3%,RSD为 0 .90 %(n=1 2 )。该法检出限低 ,灵敏度高 ,测定结果准确可靠 ;操作简单、快速等特点 ,完全满足铁矿石中微量锡的测定。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.