中微子质量矩阵和中微子转换矩阵间的一种可能的关系

我们探讨了以ν_e,ν_μ,ν_τ为基的, 具有一种新的对称性的中微子质量矩阵M. 首先在没有T(时间)破坏的前提下, 假定该质量矩阵具有一个简单的三参数形式. 这一矩阵确定了3种中微子的质量m₁, m₂, m₃以及使M对角化的转换矩阵U. 因为无T破坏的U给出3个可测量参数s₁₂, s₂₃, s₁₃, 我们的形式用3个参数表示6个可测量的物理量, 其结果与实验数据符合得很好. 更精确的测量将对模型给出严格的检验, 并确定这3个参数的值. 本文还推广讨论了包含T破坏的情况.     

Eu2+, Cr3+共掺杂的MAl12O19 (M=Ca, Sr, Ba) 的发光性质及能量传递

三基色荧光粉中, 红色荧光粉性能较差, 为获得性能优良的红色荧光粉, 本文采用高温固相法合成了Eu²⁺, Cr³⁺单掺杂及共掺杂的碱土金属多铝酸盐MAl₁₂O₁₉ (M =Ca, Sr, Ba) 发光体. 实验表明, 在以上三种基质中均存在Eu²⁺→Cr³⁺的能量传递, 利用能量传递可以有效将Eu²⁺的蓝光或绿光转换为红光. 三种碱土金属多铝酸盐基质的晶体结构相似,但Eu²⁺, Cr³⁺发光受晶体场影响,导致在不同的基质中Eu²⁺, Cr³⁺间能量传递效率不同.通过光谱分析及能量传递效率计算发现, 相同掺杂浓度下,CaAl₁₂O₁₉中Eu²⁺→Cr³⁺的能量传递效率最高,SrAl₁₂O₁₉次之, BaAl₁₂O₁₉最低.红光转换率在CaAl₁₂O₁₉中最高.     

8路神光Ⅱ装置在基频和三倍频条件下工作研究进展

 简要描述在神光Ⅱ装置上进行的部分物理实验，为神光Ⅱ激光装置提供光学性能指标。神光Ⅱ激光装置已经能在三倍频、外转换效率高于60%的条件下常规输出三倍频能量。穿孔实验表明，蓝光(3w₀)的光束质量，特别是远场旁瓣分布质量，甚至于要好于红光(1w₀光)。用100ps脉冲宽度的红光输出打爆推内爆的氘氚球靶，获得单发最高中子产额4×10⁹个。基频线聚焦打靶，获得类Ni银X光激光饱和输出，并成功应用于激光等离子体密度测量，观测到莫尔条纹移动。     

裂变位垒的角动量效应测量

本工作采用金硅面垒型半导体探测器和天然白云母固体核径迹探测器测量了¹²C+²⁰⁹Bi和¹⁴N+Pb反应的裂变截面σ_f和蒸发余核截面σ_er.由蒸发余核截面提取角动量l_er,基于统计模型导出的裂变宽度与蒸发中子宽度比(Γ_f/Γ_n)_l的表达式计算给定角动量l_er的裂变位垒E_f(l),从实验上研究裂变位垒的角动量效应.     

夸克模型中的Dsj(2317),Dsj(2460)衰变

用夸克模型结合D_s,D_s^*, 讨论窄共振态D_sj^*(2317),D_sj(2460). 除η－π⁰混合角由D^*_s衰变宽度给出, 所有的参数均取自Godfrey和Isgur的夸克模型. 得到的电磁衰变宽度与实验数据和其他作者的结果相一致. 但是, 与现有的实验结果比较, D_sj^*(2317), D_sj(2460)的π介子衰变宽度要小一个数量级. 我们怀疑简单的手征夸克-π轴矢相互作用的哈密顿量不适合于D_sj^*(2317), D_sj(2460)的强衰变.     

重离子背散射——测量表面与近表面痕量元素的一种新方法

本文报道了用重离子背散射探测表面、近表面微量重元素的新方法。通过选择入射离子种类,使入射离子原子量M₁等于或略大于基体原子量M₂,利用弹性散射运动学实现自动排除探测系统的脉冲堆积现象。实验结果表明利用能量为3MeVSi离子背散射,测量基体Si中注As的灵敏度优于2×10¹²原子/cm²;对基体Si表面的杂质元素Au,探测灵敏度高达2.2×10⁹原子/cm²。     

少量稀土元素氧化物对于一种矩磁铁氧体磁心性能的影响

本文报导了少量稀土元素氧化物(La₂O₃,CeO₂,Sm₂O₃,Gd₂O₃和Y₂O₃)对于一种含ZnO和CuO的Mg-Mn矩磁铁氧体磁心性能的影响,简要地叙述了样品的制备过程。测量了磁心的静态磁滞迴线,饱和磁化强度,居里点和讯号杂音比。实验结果表明:加La₂O₃或Gd₂O₃可以增加矩形比和(B-H_m/2)/B_m和讯号杂音比,并使后者的分布往高比值移动,但加CeO₂,Sm₂O₃或Y₂O₃却没有使这些性能改善,甚至有所降低。文中举例说明了磁心尺寸对于矩形比、淬火温度和稀土元素氧化物的含量对于讯号杂音比的影响。最后指出:这种方法可能提供一种改善磁心某些性能而不显著改变其居里点的途径。     

自洽半经典Sum rule方法研究巨共振的平均性质

从同一扩展Skyrme力出发,用自洽半经典方法确定球形核基态密度分布ρ_π和ρ^{p,用Sum rule方法计算强度函数矩m_－1,m₁和m₃,从而具体计算了isovector巨单极,巨偶极和巨四极共振的平均激发能量,以及isoscalar巨单极和巨四极共振的宽度,部分结果同实验事实做了比较.}     

LiBX2 (B=Ga, In; X= S, Se, Te)光学性质与力学性质的第一性原理计算

采用基于第一性原理的赝势平面波方法系统地计算了LiBX₂ (B= Ga, In; X= S,Se,Te) 晶体的光学性质与力学性质. 由禁带宽度推断出晶体抗激光损伤阈值的大小顺序为LiGaS₂ > LiInS₂ > LiGaSe₂ > LiInSe₂ > LiGaTe₂ > LiInTe₂. 六种晶体在常压下均满足机械力学稳定性要求, 且铟化合物可塑性及延展性强于镓化合物. 这些晶体的静态电介电常数 ε₁(0)、静态折射率n(0)和双折射率Δn 理论计算值与实验值相符. LiGaS₂, LiInS₂, LiGaSe₂, LiInSe₂和LiGaTe₂五种化合物双折射率较高, 并且它们的吸收谱与反射谱在中远红外区是透过的, 因此可推断出这五种化合物可以成为优异的中远红外非线性光学材料.     

中子平面晶体谱仪的分辨宽度

本文分析了中子平面晶体谱仪的分辨宽度,给出它的近似表示式为:△θ=((α₁²α₂²+α₁²β²+α₂²β²)/(α₁²+4β²+α₂²))^1/2;同时对几种常见情况也作了简略的讨论。为了确定计算参量△θ,又给出了晶体摇动曲线半宽度的近似表示式为:△γ=1/2(α₁²+4β²+α₂²)^1/2。以上两式中的α₁,α₂是第一、第二准直器的散开角;β是晶体单色器嵌镶结构(mosaic)分布半宽度。最后,依据上述结果,计算了我们仪器的分辨宽度,另外从该仪器测量的中子共振截面估计了它的分辨宽度,并作了比较。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.