S2(B 3∑u-→X3∑g-(v''''≥18,0))弥散谱带的自旋-轨道从头计算

采用从头计算方法从理论上解释了实验中双原子分子S2(B3∑u-→X3∑g-)吸收谱中谱带(18,0)开始出现的弥散现象.计算了包含自旋-轨道耦合(SOC)的B3∑u-和排斥的15∏u,23∑u+态的电子势能曲线.对于(18,0)谱带开始弥散,给出了与其他文献不同的物理解释.计算结果表明B3∑u-与15∏u,23∑u+态的SOC作用导致预解离对谱带的弥散起着决定作用,并与实验结果作了比较,符合很好.     

S_2(B~3Σ_u~-→X~3Σ_g~-(ν′≥18,0))弥散谱带的自旋-轨道从头计算

采用从头计算方法从理论上解释了实验中双原子分子S_2(B~3Σ_u~-→X~3Σ_g~-吸收谱中谱带(18,0)开始出现的弥散现象.计算了包含自旋-轨道耦合(SOC)的B3Σu-和排斥的15Πu,23Σu 态的电子势能曲线.对于(18,0)谱带开始弥散,给出了与其他文献不同的物理解释.计算结果表明B3Σu-与15Πu,23Σu 态的SOC作用导致预解离对谱带的弥散起着决定作用,并与实验结果作了比较,符合很好.     

CS2+( 2Πg )的(1+1)光解离动力学研究

在气束条件下,利用483．2nm的激光（3＋1）共振增强多光子电离（REMPI）CS2分子以产生CS2＋离子源,用另一束可调谐激光在424－482nm内,通过对CS2^+(x^2∏g)(1+1)双光子共振解离产生的碎片离子发谱的探测,来获取CS2^+的光解离动力学信息,光解离碎片S^+的激光发谱（PHOFEX）可归属为CS2^+（A^2∏u,3/2(v′=0-4,v′＝v1_(1/2)v2-)←X^2′∏g,3/2(0,0,0))和（A^2∏u,1/2(v=0-4)←X^2∏g,1/2(0,0,0))跃迁,对CS2^+光解离动力学的研究表明,其产生S^+的通道为：（i)CS2吸收一个光子从基态X^2∏g共振激发至A^-2∏u态,（ii)已布居的A^-2∏u态的振动能级和X^2-∏g态的高振动能级产生耦合,（iii)吸收第二个光子从上述耦合的振动能级进一步激发至B^2∑u^+态,再通过B^-2∑u^+态与^4∑^-态间的自旋－轨道相互作用,经由4∑^-排斥态解离产生S^+_CS。     

SAC／SAC—CI方法研究LiH基态（X^1∑^＋）以及A^1∑^＋、B^1П激发态结构与性质

利用SAC（Symmetry-Adapted Cluster）／SAC-CI（Configuration Interaction）理论中的SAC-CI-NV（Non-variational）and SAC-CI-V（Variational）方法，以及6-311＋＋g^＊＊基组对LiH分子的基态（X^1∑^＋）和A^1∑^＋、B^1П激发态的平衡结构以及性质进行了研究计算．两种方法对LiH分子的三个态进行处理。并将优化结果与现有实验值进行了比较，结果显示，理论计算值都与实验值符合较好．同时利用SAC/SAC-CI方法中的AllProperties关键字对我们所关心的LiH分子的基态（X^1∑^＋）和A^1∑^＋、B^1П激发态进行了计算，并给出各个态在其平衡点位置处的偶极矩、振子强度和抗磁化率等一些性质参数，对以后的实验作理论参考．     

钠分子三重激发态的光谱分析

利用逆向微扰法、WKB节点法和夫兰克-康登因子相位法等计算方法,分析了Na2分子的2^3∑g^+(v=15,J27)→a^3∑u^+、2^3∏g(v=11,J=11)→a^3∑u^+和4^3∏g(v=12,J=23）→a^3∑u^+的微扰增强光学-光学双共振实验光谱,计算了2^3∑g^+、a^3∑u^+、2^3∏g、4^3∏g的电子态势能曲线以及相关跃迁的电子跃迁电偶矩,并在此基础上将理论计算的光谱与实验光谱相比较。     

Na_2(A~1∑_u~+,v=8～b~3∏_(0u),v=14)-Na体系转动传能的碰撞量子干涉效应(英文)

沙国河及其工作组于1995年发表了COA^1∏（v=0）～e^3∑^-（v=1）与He,Ne及其它碰撞伴的碰撞过程中转动传能的碰撞量子干涉现象,并得到了积分干涉角,陈等从理论和实验上发现了Na2（A^1∑u^＋,v=8～b^3∏0u,v=14）体系与Na（3s）碰撞的碰撞量子干涉现象,孙等计算了其积分干涉角,但是对微分干涉角没有过多的计算.本文作为对原子-双原子体系碰撞诱导转动传能的进一步理论研究,在含时一级波恩近似的基础上考虑各向异性相互作用势和长程相互作用势,计算了单叁混合态的Na2（A^1∑u^＋,v=8～b^3∏0u,v=14）体系与Na碰撞的微分干涉角,并得到了微分干涉角与碰撞参数的关系,此理论模型对理解和进行分子束实验是非常重要的.     

CS2+经由B2Σu +←X2Πg,3/2跃迁的[1+1]光倒空和光碎片激发谱

用483．2nm的电离激光使CS2分子经由[3＋1]REMPI制备出CS2^＋（X^∽2Пg,3／2）后，在270～285nm扫描解离激光获得了CS2^＋经由B^∽2∑u^＋←X^∽2Пg,3／2跃迁的光倒空和光碎片激发谱，由此给出了B^∽2∑u^＋电子态的振动频率ν1=613cm^-1和2ν2=707cm^-1。分析表明，正是CS2^＋的[1＋1]双光子光激发解离过程导致了母体离子CS2^＋的光倒空和光解离成碎片离子CS^＋和S^＋，该过程中光碎片离子的分支比CS^＋／S^＋大约为3．     

Collisional Quantum Interference on Rotational Energy Transfer： Relation Between Integral Interference Angle and Rotational Quantum Number in Na2（A^1∑u^＋,ν=8～b^3∏0u,ν=14）-Na System

Collisional quantum interference （CQI） on rotational energy transfer was observed in Na2（A^1∑u^＋,ν=8～b^3∏0u,ν=14） system in collision with Na [Chem. Phys. Lett. 318 （2000） 107], and the degree of the interference was measured. The integral interference angle was obtaJned through theoretical calculation. We will research the factors that have effect on collisional quantum interference on rotational energy transfer in Na2（A^1∑u^＋,ν=8～b^3∏0u,ν=14）-Na system. Basing on the time-dependent first order Born approximation, and taking into account the anlsotroplc Lennard Jones interaction potentials and ＂straight-line＂ trajectory approximation, we obtain the factors that have effect on CQI in Na2-Na system, and obtain the relation between the integral interference angle and rotational quantum number.     

^7Li2分子B^1Ⅱu及X^1∑g^＋态的准确平衡几何、离解能及谐振频率

使用SAC／SAC-CI方法，利用6-311G，6-311＋＋G，6-311G（3df，3pd），D95V（d，P），D95，D95V，6-311＋＋G（3df,3pd）。D95（3df,3pd）、cc—PVTZAt和AUG-cc-PVTZ等基组，对Li2分子的B^1IIu及X^1∑g^＋态的平衡几何进行了优化计算．同时，在优化得到的平衡位置附近、于同一条件下通过精细的单点能扫描，也获得了相应基组下的平衡核间距、发现优化计算结果与精细的单点能扫描结果不一致．分析表明由单点能扫描获得的平衡核间距应更为合理．通过对平衡核间距及计算离解能的比较，得出了对B^1Ⅱu态而言AUG-cc-PVTZ基组为最优基组的结论．在AUG-cc-PVTZ基组下，于0.135～1.5nnl范围内，利用SAC的GSUM（Group Sum of Operators）方法对X^1∑g^＋态、SAC-CI的GSUM方法对B^1Ⅱu态进行单点能扫描、并用正规方程组拟合出了相应的解析势能函数．利用解析势能函数的物理意义并结合RKR方法，计算出了X^1∑g^＋态及B^1Ⅱu态的谐振频率，理论计算结果与实验值较为一致．     

B2分子X3∑g-和A3∑u-态的势能函数

使用SAC／SAC-CI方法，利用D95（d），6—311g^＊＊以及cc-PVTZ等基组，对B2分子的基态（X^3∑g^-）和第一激发态（A^3∑u^-）的平衡结构和谐振频率进行了优化计算，通过对3个基组的计算结果的比较，得出了D95（d）基组为3个基组中的最优基组的结论；使用D95（d）基组，利用SAC的GSUM（Group Sum of Operators）方法对基态（X^3∑g^-），SAC-CI的GSUM方法对激发态（A^3∑u^-）进行单点能扫描计算，用正规方程组拟合MurreLl-Sorbie函数，得到了相应电子态的完整势能函数；从得到的势能函数计算了与基态（X^3∑g^-）和第一激发态（A^3∑u^-）相对应的光谱常数（Be，ae，ωe和ωeχe），结果与实验数据吻合。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.     

Real-time restoration of rotational blurred image using gradient-loading

The key to the restoration of rotational motion blurred image is how to restore the image under a low cost and to correct the irreversibility of the degradation function matrix.Based on the special qualities of degradation function matrix and precise deduction in space-domain, we present a new approach using gradient-loading for restoration of rotational blurred image.By easily adding a gradient operator, the irreversibility of the original matrix is corrected and can be applied for inverse filtering then.Gradientloading is the optimized approach which combines the advantages of both the approaches using constrained least square filtering and traditional diagonal-loading.Compared with the approach using least square filtering, its peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) is improved from 3.18 to 6.46dB, while the computing time is reduced to 1/2-1/3.Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness, noise-resistibility, robustness, and low complexity of this approach, which make it more suitable for real-time environment.     

All-Optical Logic Device Using Bent Nonlinear Tapered Y-Junction Waveguide Structure

We propose an all-optical logic device made of a bent tapered Y-junction waveguide with a Kerr-type nonlinear interface. It could provide an AND gate, OR gate, and exclusive-OR (XOR) gate. We could obtain different transmission results by adjusting the bending angle. The numerical simulation results show that the device functions as AND, OR, and XOR gates.     

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz imaging by a pyroelectric camera

Real-time, continuous-wave terahertz (THz) imaging is demonstrated. A 1.89-THz optically-pumped farinfrared laser is used as the illumination source, and a 124 × 124 element room-temperature pyroelectric camera is adopted as the detector. With this setup, THz images through various wrapping materials are shown. The results show that this imaging system has the potential applications in real-time mail and security inspection.