SSRF中BPM支撑的机械稳定性分析

主要对上海光源(SSRF)束流位置监视器(BPM)支撑的机械稳定性进行了研究. 受有限元计算与初始设计方案的振动测试结果不一致的启发, 对BPM支撑与地面的连接考虑了三种方案: 膨胀螺母、半灌浆与全灌浆连接. 通过采用改进的全灌浆连接来代替初始设计的膨胀螺母连接, BPM支撑的横向最低共振频率由20.2Hz增加到50.2Hz, 支撑顶部与地面的横向均方根位移(4—50Hz)之比由4.36降低到1.32,机械稳定性能得到大大的提高.     

先进光源磁铁支撑基座稳定性的实验研究

基座作为磁铁支架的基础,其制作工艺以及与地面连接固定方式的不同将影响磁铁与支架的稳定性。基于先进光源对磁铁支撑系统稳定性的极高要求,开展了基座安装浇筑实验,选取工程上常用的几种混凝土施工工艺,制作统一外形尺寸的实验件,通过锤击法逐一测试其固有频率,评估其稳定性,得到二次灌浆可有效提高稳定性、环氧基灌浆料获得的稳定性优于水泥基灌浆料等结论。基于固有频率测试结果,以HEPS支撑系统为例分析了不同的基座安装方式对系统模态的影响。     

高能光源BPMS独立支架系统设计

高能光源(HEPS)要求束流轨道稳定性达到0.1 μm。束流位置探测器系统(BPM)作为储存环的重要系统,其测量数据在监测和实现束流轨道稳定中具有重要作用,需要具有长期稳定性。为抑制由于机械振动、环境温度变化导致的机械形变等对BPM探头机械稳定性的影响,需为BPM探头设计独立稳定的支撑系统,使其具有较高的固有频率、较小的振动放大比和较小的温度形变。本文首先考虑温度形变,选取具有良好温度稳定性的Invar36合金作为支架的主体结构材料;为加工及安装方便,杆板结构选作支架模型,通过仿真测试寻找最优结构;利用ANSYS软件中拓扑优化寻找限制空间内实现最大固有频率的模型结构,为支架设计做指导;加工支架实物,并在实验室测量。支架实验室测量结果与仿真结果进行比较,进而优化安装方式。在四种安装方式下对支架进行测试,为支架在光源实地安装提供参考。     

高能光源束流位置探测器支撑架结构优化设计

从热稳定性和振动稳定性两个角度出发,优化设计得到了超高稳定的刚性支撑架结构;通过ANSYS有限元模态分析,验证了结构的热膨胀变化量和特征频率;采用混凝土二次灌浆方法对支撑架进行地面固定和特征频率测试,结果表明,支撑架结构的特征频率达到61.9 Hz、振动幅值小于30 nm,均满足设计要求。最后采用动态刚度测试方法,得到混凝土二次灌浆层的主要刚度值,进一步验证支撑架结构优化结果的准确性。     

6-硫代鸟嘌呤磺化异构体热力学稳定性的计算研究

采用量子化学密度泛函理论B3LYP方法在6-311++G(d,p)基组水平上,对6-硫代鸟嘌呤硫醇式与硫酮式两类共14种磺化异构体的热力学稳定性进行了计算研究,全自由度优化了各物种构型,进行了振动分析,获得了各磺化异构体的零点能、焓、热力学能以及吉布斯自由能等热力学数据.分析了各异构体磺化前后稳定性的变化情况,探讨了磺化异构体的稳定性问题.结果表明,不论是硫酮式还是硫醇式磺化异构体,当H原子连接到N7上时磺化异构体稳定性均比连接到N9上时较高一些.在6-硫代鸟嘌呤磺化异构体中,STG(3,7,10,10)是最稳定的异构体,STG(1,7,10,10)、STG(1,9,10,10)和STG(1,3,7,10)等异构体也可共存,其他异构体存在的可能性均较小.     

神光Ⅱ装置中空间滤波器系统的稳定性设计与分析

 考虑到空间滤波器系统在激光装置中的稳定性要求，分析了影响稳定性的各种因素。对现行装置中的SF4空间滤波器系统进行振动模态测试，初步确定系统的工作状况，并结合振动理论明确系统稳定性的设计参数。利用有限元软件ANSYS对空间滤波器系统及相关的设计进行仿真验证计算。结果表明：SF4系统的一阶固有频率达到83 Hz，与实验结果相符合，满足系统稳定性的要求；在系统中引入支撑不但能有效增加系统的刚度，同时能转移系统的振型；系统基础支撑平台的选择要求平台独立，并且选择较低的高度以便于控制上层光学元件的变形；在系统中的引入波纹管这种弹性连接，能降低系统变形量，并且通过改变波纹管的厚度能实现连接刚度的改变。上述设计可在神光装置其它系统结构中应用。     

透明边界条件算法的比较研究及改进

研究了束传播算法(BPM)中简单透明边界条件(STBC)和完全透明边界条件(CTBC)两种边界处理算法对计算结果精度的影响.通过改进和综合两种边界条件算法,提出改进型透明边界算法(ITBC).该边界算法相对于STBC与CTBC降低了计算精度对于传播步长的依赖性,提高了计算精度,改善了透明边界条件算法在BPM中的稳定性.     

HLS Ⅱ储存环条带束流位置检测器的离线标定

针对合肥光源二期改造工程设计了一条带束流位置检测器(BPM), 用于储存环中束流参数在线测量。对条带BPM进行了位置信号的离线标定,采用差比和法和对数比法进行计算,获得了灵敏度系数、映射图和拟合经验多项式,发现采用对数比法得到的灵敏度大小和线性范围好于差比和法。对和信号进行离线标定,发现和信号相对中心位置处的归一化值在(-5 mm, -5 mm)到(5 mm, 5 mm)范围内变化不超过6%。该条带BPM也用来测量合肥光源储存环上束团横向四极振荡,所以需对横向四极分量进行标定。采用二维网格结构高斯加权法模拟高斯束团,使用差比和法进行计算,并将测量结果与模拟结果比较,发现横向四极分量随 (x2-y2)线性变化的灵敏度与模拟结果相同,均为0.001 1 mm-2。得到的拟合经验公式用于在线测量。     

水合金属团簇M~+(H_2O)_n(M=Cu,Ag,Au;n=1-4)的结构和稳定性研究

利用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法优化了M~+(H_2O)_n(M=Cu,Ag,Au;n=1-4)团簇的几何结构,并对它们的稳定性和电子性质进行了系统研究.计算结果表明,Cu~+(H_2O)_n和Ag~+(H_2O)_n团簇的水合骨架结构由三个氧原子与金属离子相连接而成,而Au~+(H_2O)_n团簇则由两个氧原子与金属离子形成的线性结构而得到.通过计算的结合能和HOMO-LUMO能隙也发现:三种水合金属离子体系的稳定性大小为:Eb(Cu)=Eb(Au)Eb(Ag),但是Ag~+(H_2O)_n团簇具有较高的动力学稳定性.这些研究对于今后过渡金属离子水溶液性质的研究和应用提供了重要的理论参考.     

1.5T关节超导核磁共振成像主磁体电磁机械特性分析

本文设计了用于关节成像的1.5T超导核磁共振成像(MRI)主磁体的电磁结构与机械支撑结构.首先计算了主磁体成像区域及磁体周围的电磁场分布.在此基础上,采用电磁-结构耦合方法计算了主磁体与支撑结构中的应力、应变分布情况.同时分析了不同的支撑材料对磁体应力/应变的影响.给出了1.5T超导MRI主磁体支撑结构的设计标准.     

Dynamic performance of the beam position monitor support at the SSRF

Electron beam stability is very important for third‐generation light sources, especially for the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility whose ground vibrations are much larger than those for other light sources. Beam position monitors (BPMs), used to monitor the position of the electron beam, require a greater stability than other mechanical structures. This paper concentrates on an investigation of the dynamic performance of the BPM support prototype. Modal and response analyses have been carried out by finite‐element (FE) calculations and vibration measurements. Inconsistent results between calculation and measurement have motivated a change in the soft connections between the support and the ground from a ground bolt in the initial design to full grout. As a result the mechanical stability of the BPM support is greatly improved, showing an increase in the first eigenfrequency from 20.2 Hz to 50.2 Hz and a decrease in the ratio of the root‐mean‐square displacement (4–50 Hz) between the ground and the top of the support from 4.36 to 1.23 in the lateral direction. An example is given to show how FE analysis can guide the mechanical design and dynamic measurements (i.e. it is not just used as a verification method). Similar ideas can be applied to improve the stability of other mechanical structures.     

Mechanical stability of the magnet girder assembly at the SSRF

Electron beam stability is very important for third‐generation light sources, especially for the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF), whose ground vibration is much larger than other light sources. The mechanical stability of the magnet girder assemblies (MGAs) in a storage ring is essential for electron beam stability and performance. In order to improve the mechanical stability of the R&D MGAs in the storage ring of the SSRF, the number of MGAs in each lattice cell has been modified from three to five, and the girder structure has been optimized. Vibration measurements have been performed on the modified MGA prototype (the longest and heaviest MGA in the cell) to investigate mechanical stability and the influence of cooling water on magnet vibration. Measurement results show that the modified MGA has improved the first eigenfrequency from 5.9 Hz in R&D time to 21.9 Hz in the lateral and 22.5 Hz in the vertical direction; it has a good mechanical stability performance compared with other third‐generation light source projects; and the influence of cooling water on the magnet vibration is about 4%, less than that of the ground vibration.     

第三代同步辐射光源储存环支撑组件振动控制研究

第三代同步辐射光源对束流轨道稳定性要求很高, 上海光源是一台在建的第三代光源, 束流位置稳定度要求达到微米乃至亚微米级. 地基振动会使储存环磁聚焦结构中的各种元件发生机械振动引起随时间变化的束流闭合轨道畸变, 影响束流轨道稳定性. 上海光源场地振动幅值大, 需要研究措施控制机械组件的振动. 阻尼减振是一种有效的振动控制方法, 针对上海光源储存环机械组件, 作者设计了一种阻尼减振方案. 试验结果表明, 该方案能有效地控制机械组件的振动. 这对于保证上海光源的束流稳定性要求有积极意义.     

A portable high-power diode laser-based single-stage ceramic tile grout sealing system

By means of a 60 W high-power diode laser (HPDL) and a specially developed grout material the void between adjoining ceramic tiles has been successfully sealed. A single-stage process has been developed which uses a crushed ceramic tile mix to act as a tough, inexpensive bulk substrate and a glazed enamel surface to provide an impervious surface glaze. The single-stage ceramic tile grout sealing process yielded seals produced in normal atmospheric conditions that displayed no discernible cracks and porosities. The single-stage grout is simple to formulate and easy to apply. Tiles were successfully sealed with power densities as low as 200 kW/mm² and at rates of up to 600 mm/min. Bonding of the enamel to the crushed ceramic tile mix was identified as being primarily due to van der Waals forces and, on a very small scale, some of the crushed ceramic tile mix material dissolving into the glaze. In terms of mechanical, physical and chemical characteristics, the single-stage ceramic tile grout was found to be far superior to the conventional epoxy tile grout and, in many instances, matched and occasionally surpassed that of the ceramic tiles themselves. What is more, the development of a hand-held HPDL beam delivery unit and the related procedures necessary to lead to the commercialisation of the single-stage ceramic tile grout sealing process are presented. Further, an appraisal of the potential hazards associated with the use of the HPDL in an industrial environment and the solutions implemented to ensure that the system complies with the relevant safety standards are given.     

Thermal-noise limit in the frequency stabilization of lasers with rigid cavities

We evaluate thermal noise (Brownian motion) in a rigid reference cavity used for frequency stabilization of lasers, based on the mechanical loss of cavity materials and the numerical analysis of the mirror-spacer mechanics with the direct application of the fluctuation dissipation theorem. This noise sets a fundamental limit for the frequency stability achieved with a rigid frequency-reference cavity of order 1 Hz/ square root Hz (0.01 Hz/ square root Hz) at 10 mHz (100 Hz) at room temperature. This level coincides with the world-highest level stabilization results.     

模块化Marx发生器机芯的力学环境适应性分析及优化设计

为研究Marx发生器机芯在公路运输条件下的力学环境适应性,基于随机振动理论和有限元分析方法对Marx机芯进行了仿真分析和随机振动试验。首先,建立了八级模块化Marx机芯的有限元动力学仿真模型,模拟确定了机芯的应力集中点;然后,通过振动台运输振动摸底试验修正了有限元模型,对机芯结构进行了优化设计,使Marx机芯整体一阶频率由15.4 Hz提高到19.7 Hz,降低了整机垂向的动力学响应,提高了机芯的力学环境适应性。试验结果表明,Marx发生器结构设计需要重点考虑其在垂直方向的可靠性;振动过程中,机芯整体连接稳定,振动应力集中于机芯与U型支撑杆连接处、支撑杆与支撑板连接的角片处,以及开关连接件处,是结构设计的薄弱环节。     

空间相机主支撑结构优化设计方法的研究

描述了空间相机运载发射及在轨运行阶段经历的力学和热环境,提出空间相机主支撑结构优化设计方法,用有限元分析法对卡塞格林和TMA两种具体空间相机光学系统主支撑结构进行了优化设计。对拓扑优化前后分析结果进行比较,卡塞格林光学系统主支撑结构一阶固有频率从41Hz提高到72Hz,重量降低15%;TMA光学系统主支撑结构一阶固有频率不变,重量降低35%。结果表明,采用此优化设计方法不仅缩短了设计周期,而且有效地降低了支撑结构重量,提高了主支撑结构的性能,满足系统设计要求。     

High-sensitivity optical monitoring of a micromechanical resonator with a quantum-limited optomechanical sensor

We experimentally demonstrate the high-sensitivity optical monitoring of a micromechanical resonator and its cooling by active control. Coating a low-loss mirror upon the resonator, we have built an optomechanical sensor based on a very high-finesse cavity (30 000). We have measured the thermal noise of the resonator with a quantum-limited sensitivity at the 10(-19) m/sqrt[Hz] level, and cooled the resonator down to 5 K by a cold-damping technique. Applications of our setup range from quantum optics experiments to the experimental demonstration of the quantum ground state of a macroscopic mechanical resonator.     

上海光源储存环主支撑减振研究

 上海光源是一台在建的第三代同步辐射光源,对束流轨道稳定性要求很高。由磁铁和支架组成的支撑组件的机械稳定性是影响束流轨道稳定性的重要因素。对主支撑组件样机的测试结果表明,其最低共振频率处放大倍数为50左右,超过要求5倍。因此,需要研究相应的减振措施。利用阻尼减振原理设计了一种约束阻尼结构。在样机上的测试结果表明,安装该装置后,支撑组件的共振放大倍数最大可以降低91.8%,对应的功率谱密度的峰值可以降低25 dB。因此,该装置可以用来增加支撑的稳定性。