CSNS-Ⅱ靶站质子束窗结构设计与优化分析

中国散裂中子源（CSNS）靶站质子束窗位于环到靶站输运线（RTBT）与靶站交接面,起到隔离加速器高真空和靶站氦气环境的作用。随着束流功率提高,目前质子束窗单层膜结构形式已无法满足CSNS-Ⅱ 500 kW的高功率需求,因此开展CSNS-Ⅱ质子束窗研制,设计出双层膜中间通水的冷却结构,完成质子束窗双层膜的薄膜半径、薄膜厚度、水冷槽长度与宽度、对流换热系数等各参数对质子束窗温升与热应力的影响分析。通过冷却水需求分析得出,冷却水流速需大于15 L/min。通过质子束窗主体的流固耦合分析,消除箱体内部死水区域。最终优化后质子束窗薄膜位置最高温度47.8℃,薄膜位置最高热应力30.758 MPa。通过FLUKA软件对质子束窗材料的辐照损伤性能进行分析,在每年5 000 h工作时长、500 kW高功率束流的辐照下,辐照损伤DPA计算值为1.285 DPA,质子束窗的安全使用寿命在7年以上。     

高能光源束流位置探测器支撑架结构优化设计

从热稳定性和振动稳定性两个角度出发,优化设计得到了超高稳定的刚性支撑架结构;通过ANSYS有限元模态分析,验证了结构的热膨胀变化量和特征频率;采用混凝土二次灌浆方法对支撑架进行地面固定和特征频率测试,结果表明,支撑架结构的特征频率达到61.9 Hz、振动幅值小于30 nm,均满足设计要求。最后采用动态刚度测试方法,得到混凝土二次灌浆层的主要刚度值,进一步验证支撑架结构优化结果的准确性。     

Thermal analysis and optimization of proton beam window for the CSNS

The proton beam window (PBW) is one of the key devices of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). It is the boundary between transport line and target. This paper will present a new PBW structure and detailed thermal-stress analysis. The energy deposition and scattering effect need to be low when the beam passes through the PBW, so proper selection of material and structure is important. According to the study of energy deposition, A5083-O is selected as the PBW material. A single-double layer structure is first proposed based on the study of cooling structures. Thermal analysis and structural optimization are discussed, and transient analysis is done to show the effect of the beam pulse. Besides, safety is confirmed for cases of cooling tunnel blockage, beam profile shrinkage, or centroid orbit offset. All these analyses show the newly designed PBW structure can meet the requirements of the CSNS well.     

Study of the dynamic characteristics of the AC dipole-girder system for CSNS/RCS

China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a high intensity proton accelerator-based facility. Its accelerator complex includes two main parts: an H- linac and a rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS). The RCS accumulates an 80 MeV proton beam and accelerates it to 1.6 GeV, with a repetition rate of 25 Hz. The AC dipole of the CSNS/RCS is operated at a 25 Hz sinusoidal alternating current which causes severe vibration. The vibration will influence the long-term safety and reliable operation of the magnet. The CSNS/RCS AC dipole-girder system takes vibration isolator to decrease the vibratory force and the vibration amplitude of the dipole. For the long-term safety and reliable operation of the dipole, it is very important to study the dynamic characteristics of the dipole-girder system. This paper takes the dipole-girder as a specific model system. A method for studying the dynamic characteristics of the system is put forward by combining theoretical calculation with experimental testing. The modal parameters with and without vibration isolator of the dipole-girder system are obtained through ANSYS simulation and testing. Then, the dynamic response of the system is calculated with modal analysis and vibration testing data. With the simulation and testing method, the dynamic characteristics of the AC dipole-girder are studied.     

Vibration research of the AC dipole-girder system for CSNS/RCS

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a high intensity proton accelerator based facility. Its accelerator complex includes two main parts: an H^- linac and a rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS). The RCS accumulates the 80 MeV proton beam and accelerates it to 1.6 GeV, with a repetition rate of 25 Hz. The AC dipole of the CSNS/RCS is operated at a 25 Hz sinusoidal alternating current which causes severe vibration. The vibration will influence the long-term safety and reliable operation of the magnet. The dipole magnet of CSNS/RCS is an active vibration equipment, which is different from the ground vibration accelerator. It is very important to design and study the dynamic characteristics of the dipole-girder system. This paper takes the AC dipole and girder as a specific model system. A method for studying the dynamic characteristics of the system is put forward by combining theoretical calculation with experimental testing. The ANSYS simulation method plays a very important role in the girder structure design stage. With this method, the mechanical resonance phenomenon was avoided in the girder design time. At the same time the dipole vibratory force will influence the other equipment through the girder. Since it is necessary to isolate and decrease the dipole vibration, a new isolator was designed to isolate the vibratory force and decrease the vibration amplitude of the magnet.     

Modal analysis of AC quadrupole magnet system for CSNS/RCS

The quadrupole magnet of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) Rapid-cycling Synchrotron (RCS) is operated at a 25 Hz sinusoidal alternating current which causes severe vibration. The vibration will influence the long-term safety and reliable operation of the quadrupole magnet. By taking the quadrupole magnet and girder as specific model system, a method for analyzing and studying the dynamic characteristic of the system is put forward by combining theoretical calculation with experimental testing. The theoretical modal analysis results coincide with the experimental testing results. It shows that the dynamic characteristic parameters of the structure can be obtained by modal analysis which will provide a theoretical basis for the further study and the magnet girder optimal design of CSNS/RCS.     

无氧铜表面处理在束流准直器中的应用

束流准直器作为加速器的关键部件，用于吸收不在预定轨道的束晕粒子。因良好的电导率和良好的准直效率，铜被广泛应用于准直器中作为挡块材料。通常，挡块位于超高真空环境中，承受高功率束流载荷冲击，其不同表面处理工艺直接影响传热性能及放气率。为评估无氧铜表面处理工艺对相关性能的影响，分别对其进行表面化学腐蚀发黑处理、高温氧化处理以及仅机械加工处理，结果表明：无氧铜表面发黑处理后，其热辐射系数明显增加，同时也伴随着放气率的明显增加；而通过高温氧化处理后的铜块，其表面热辐射系数与仅机械加工后的铜块差异不大，放气率有一定程度的增加。以散裂中子源二期项目中的动量准直器为研究对象，在一定的束流载荷作用下，挡块选用发黑无氧铜，可将其最高温度控制在125℃以下，同时增加两台离子泵可使该准直器所在区域真空度满足运行要求。