Optimal configuration of bistatic sonar system using Cramér-Rao lower bound of position estimation

In order to study the optimization configuration problem of bistatic sonar system,the optimal configuration model of bistatic sonar system was established. The positioning accuracy of the dual-base sonar at different dual-base angles was obtained by calculating the Cramér-Rao lower bound(CRLB) accuracy based on the optimal configuration model. The effect of system time measurement error and angle measurement error on positioning accuracy was analyzed by simulation. The transmitting and receiving...     

Pose measurement method based on geometrical constraints

The pose estimation method based on geometric constraints is studied.The coordinates of the five feature points in the camera coordinate system are calculated to obtain the pose of an object on the basis of the geometric constraints formed by the connective lines of the feature points and the coordinates of the feature points on the CCD image plane;during the solution process,the scaling and orthography projection model is used to approximate the perspective projection model.The initial values of the coordinates of the five feature points in the camera coordinate system are obtained to ensure the accuracy and convergence rate of the non-linear algorithm.In accordance with the perspective projection characteristics of the circular feature landmarks,we propose an approach that enables the iterative acquisition of accurate target poses through the correction of the perspective projection coordinates of the circular feature landmark centers.Experimental results show that the translation positioning accuracy reaches ±0.05 mm in the measurement range of 0-40 mm,and the rotation positioning accuracy reaches ±0.06° in the measurement range of 4°-60°.     

加速器自动调束系统的研究

描述了加速器自动调束系统的设计方法,介绍了加速器调束工作的现状和实现自动调束的意义,阐述了基于遗传算法进行加速器自动调束的原理和加速器自动调束系统的设计方法,给出了计算机仿真实验结果,并指出了自动调束研究的发展方向. The principle of automatic beam tuning of accelerator based on genetic algorithms(GA) is expounded. Designing method of the automatic beam tuning system is introduced. Computer simulation results are presented, and the research direction of automatic beam tuning is discussed.     

A miniaturized system for measurement of the refractive index of sub-microliter liquid

This study introduced the research and development of a portable and miniaturized system for the measurement of the refractive index of sub-microliter liquid based on a microfluidic chip. A technical method of double-beam interference, was proposed for use in the measurement. Based on this, by using a laser diode as a light source,changes in the refractive index were calculated by utilizing a complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor to detect the movement of interference fringes of the liquid. Firstly, this study simulated the effects of influencing factors on the interference infringes of two Gaussian beams, such as their spot sizes, distance between two beam spots, and detection range. Secondly, this research introduced the system design and construction of the doublebeam interference method and analyzed the results of refractive index tests on sub-microliter aqueous glucose solutions with different concentrations. The measurement accuracy reached 10~(-4) refractive index units. This system has a compact structure and is rendered portable by using batteries for its power supply. The entire system is designed to be a double Z-shaped structure with a length of about 15 cm, a width of 5 cm, and a height of about 10 cm. It can be used to measure changes in the refractive index of sub-microliter to nanoliter liquids based on the use of a microfluidic chip.     

Accurate and rapid error estimation on global gravitational field from current GRACE and future GRACE Follow-On missions

Firstly, the new combined error model of cumulative geoid height influenced by four error sources, including the inter-satellite range-rate of an interferometric laser (K-band) ranging system, the orbital position and velocity of a global positioning system (GPS) receiver and non-conservative force of an accelerometer, is established from the perspectives of the power spectrum principle in physics using the semi-analytical approach. Secondly, the accuracy of the global gravitational field is accurately and rapidly estimated based on the combined error model; the cumulative geoid height error is 1.985× 10^-1~m at degree 120 based on GRACE Level 1B measured observation errors of the year 2007 published by the US Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), and the cumulative geoid height error is 5.825× 10^ - 2~m at degree 360 using GRACE Follow-On orbital altitude 250~km and inter-satellite range 50 km. The matching relationship of accuracy indexes from GRACE Follow-On key payloads is brought forward, and the dependability of the combined error model is validated. Finally, the feasibility of high-accuracy and high-resolution global gravitational field estimation from GRACE Follow-On is demonstrated based on different satellite orbital altitudes.     

Swept source optical coherence tomography based on non-uniform discrete fourier transform

A high-speed high-sensitivity swept source optical coherence tomography （SSOCT） system using a high speed swept laser source is developed. Non-uniform discrete fourier transform （NDFT） method is introduced in the SSOCT system for data processing. Frequency calibration method based on a Mach-Zender interferometer （MZI） and conventional data interpolation method is also adopted in the system for comparison. Optical coherence tomography （OCT） images from SSOCT based on the NDFT method, the MZI method, and the interpolation method are illustrated. The axial resolution of the SSOCT based on the NDFT method is comparable to that of the SSOCT system using MZI calibration method and conventional data interpolation method. The SSOCT system based on the NDFT method can achieve higher signal intensity than that of the system based on the MZI calibration method and conventional data interpolation method because of the better utilization of the power of source.     

Digital holography experiment of 3D detection of underwater bubble fields

Detection of underwater bubbles is one of the key issues of the research of ocean-atmosphere flux exchange. Digital holographic experiment is carried out based on Maeh-Zehnder digital holographic system, to detect the distribution of bubbles. Holographic images of the dynamical bubble fields are recorded by the chargecoupled device （CCD） video system and the tomographie images at different depth are reproduced. The distribution of sizes and densities of the bubbles is obtained through following steps as denoising, edgedetection, and bubble-recognition using Hough transform. Through the experiments, the efficiency and applicability of the digital holographic detection of underwater bubble fields are tested and verified.     

Real-time positioning technology of train based on optical fiber coherent Rayleigh backscattering北大核心CSCD

With the rapid growth of railway mileage in China, the degree of heavy load of railway wagons continues to increase. An interference technology based on Rayleigh backscattering signal in optical fiber was proposed by using existing communication optical cables along railway lines. When the fiber vibrated slightly, the phase and refractive index of the fiber at disturbed position changed, which resulting in the Rayleigh backscattering light. By performing differential calculation on the Rayleigh signal curves before and after the operation, the location of the interference light intensity signal corresponded to the location of the disturbances was obtained. Based on this method, the recognition and positioning of railway vehicles were realized. By collecting and analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain signal, the signal strength, train length, the number of carriages and other characteristics were extracted, and the model of railway vehicles were accurately recognized. Compared with traditional positioning technologies, this technology could realize long-distance monitoring, and the sensing fiber was buried underground on both sides of the railway, which was conducive to the concealment and protection of optical fiber. Experimental results show that the positioning error of the system is within ±10 m, and the detection of railway speed and position within 25 km can be realized. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

Research progress of rubrene as an excellent multifunctional organic semiconductor

Rubrene,a superstar in organic semiconductors,has acliieved imprecedented achievements in the application of electronic devices,and research based on its various photoelectric properties is still in progress.In this review,we introduced the preparation of rubrene crystal,summarized the applications in organic optoelectronic devices with the latest research achievements based on rubrene semiconductors.An outlook of future research directions and cliallenges of rubrene semiconductor for applications is also provided.     

Beam stability analysis of high power laser system based on relay imaging

The model of a beam propagating in a high power laser system is built based on relay imaging. The displacement sensitivity of the lens to beam positioning error is obtained using this model, which is then compared with the traditional method. Two real systems, the pre-amplifier and four-pass amplifier in SGII-U, are presented to further discuss the differences between the two methods. The limitation and application range are summarized in the end. The findings can be used to provide guidance in similar systems.     

利用定位估计的克拉美罗下界进行双基地声呐系统最优化配置

为了研究双基地声呐系统最优化配置问题,建立了双基地声呐系统优化配置模型。以优化配置模型为基础,通过计算定位精度的克拉美罗下界,得到了不同分置角状态下的双基地声呐定位精度,并且仿真分析了系统计时误差和测角误差对定位精度的影响。当以目标为圆心,收发声呐在相同的半径上布站时,定位精度的仿真实验结果表明,分置角为2π/3时系统定位精度最高,该研究对双/多基地声呐系统最优化配置具有一定的参考意义。      

基于微波光子学的准分布式光纤传感解调技术

准分布式光纤传感系统在土木工程、能源勘测、航空航天、国防、化工等领域一直发挥着不可替代的重要作用。以微波光子学为基础的准分布式光纤传感解调技术被广泛应用于光纤复用系统的快速、高精度的信号解调与传感器定位。与传统的光学波长解调方案相比,该技术大幅提高了系统的解调速率,弥补了传统解调方法在传感器定位方面的缺陷。本文主要介绍了近年来国内外在基于微波光子学的准分布式光纤传感解调领域的研究进展,从光纤光栅准分布式传感系统和光纤法布里-珀罗准分布式传感系统两方面入手,对比分析了现有的数种微波解调光纤准分布式系统的优缺点,并对基于微波光子学的准分布式光纤传感解调技术的未来发展方向进行了总结与展望。     

Robust algorithm for determining line centre within a video positional measuring system

The paper presents research into line centre detection using a video positioning system, as part of a measuring system for line scale calibration. In the described approach, the video positioning system processes an image taken by a CCD camera to estimate the position of the observed line's centre. An important part of this research is also an analysis of line scale contamination's influence (scratches, dirt, usage, etc.) on line position determination. The outcome of the research is mathematical models that can be used as a base for developing a positioning algorithm. This algorithm is simple and adaptable to different types of line scales. It also includes a module for increasing the basic scale factor of the positioning as defined by the number of pixels in the CCD sensor, and a module for reducing the influence of contamination on positioning.     

无人机侦察多目标实时定位技术研究

目标定位是无人机侦察系统中至关重要一步。为增强无人机侦察目标定位的实时性、提高定位精度及侦察效率,提出一种多目标实时定位的方法,建立主次目标定位几何关系及坐标转换模型,结合已知数据信息求取各目标大地坐标,并用蒙特卡洛法分析目标定位误差。最后,基于即将组网成功"北斗二代"卫星导航系统对无人机空中定位,同时采用递归最小二乘算法滤波处理,提高了目标定位精度。研究及实验结果表明,北斗导航定位能够有效提高无人机空中定位精度,且有望达到厘米级精度,同时采用RLS滤波处理能使目标定位精度提高10 m左右。该方法能够有效增强无人机定位实时性,提高定位精度及侦察效率。     

信息作战环境下舰船无源定位系统设计与实现

信息作战环境下,对我方舰船位置坐标与敌方舰船所在地理位置坐标进行准确、快速定位是定位系统设计的必备条件;传统舰船上使用的舰船定位系统存在定位源信号追踪稳定性差、恶劣环境下的定位信号搜索域范围小、定位波反干扰性差等一系列的问题;通过深度的研究分析,提出信息作战环境下舰船无源定位系统设计;采用三维立体空间定位单元、广域GPNS信号检索模组与谐波振频反干扰技术,实现作战环境下舰船无源定位系统设计;对作战环境下舰船无源定位系统的设计进行仿真实验测试;仿真实验测试证明,提出的信息作战环境下舰船无源定位系统设计具有定位速度快、坐标定位准、定位源抗干扰性强的优点,满足当今恶劣的信息作战环境,能够达到无源定位的目的。     

Improved spring model-based collaborative indoor visible light positioning

Gaining accuracy with indoor positioning of individuals is important as many location-based services rely on the user’s current position to provide them with useful services. Many researchers have studied indoor positioning techniques based on WiFi and Bluetooth. However, they have disadvantages such as low accuracy or high cost. In this paper, we propose an indoor positioning system in which visible light radiated from light-emitting diodes is used to locate the position of receivers. Compared with existing methods using light-emitting diode light, we present a high-precision and simple implementation collaborative indoor visible light positioning system based on an improved spring model. We first estimate coordinate position information using the visible light positioning system, and then use the spring model to correct positioning errors. The system can be employed easily because it does not require additional sensors and the occlusion problem of visible light would be alleviated. We also describe simulation experiments, which confirm the feasibility of our proposed method.     

Ultrasonic actuators for nanometre positioning

This paper deals with ultrasonic motors based on bimodal plate vibrations and their application to nanometre resolution stepper positioning systems. The concept of a linear ultrasonic motor drive capable of nanometric steps, long-range travel and reversible controlled motion is presented. The motor concept developed is based on the superposition of a longitudinal and bending vibrations of a rectangular resonator. The ultrasonic motor model based on system identification via discrete observations and prediction has been developed for control applications. The control algorithm for ultrasonic motors has been developed and theoretical investigations have been made. The open loop positioning system with designed stepper ultrasonic drive produced 10 nm resolution and 5% displacement repeatability. The system with computer controlled position feedback has shown 0.3 micron positioning accuracy over the 100 mm positioning range.     

基于LED照明灯光的可见光室内停车场定位导航系统

室内停车场是静态交通的一个重要组成部分,由于缺乏有效的室内定位技术,目前存在着泊车导航以及反向寻车困难的问题。提出一种基于LED照明灯光的可见光室内停车场定位导航系统,实现了面向车辆的停车位引导和面向行人的反向寻车导航,具有定位速度快、定位精度高和"照明定位两用"的优势。实验结果及现场测试表明:该系统定位精度可达到7.5 cm,可支持车辆或行人在时速达17 km/h下的实时定位导航。     

The solutions of navigation observation equations for CAPS

Chinese scientists invent the navigation and positioning system based on commercial communications satellites and develop them successfully into China Area Positioning System (CAPS). In principle, this system is different from the GPS broadcasting satellite navigation class, where the propagation epoch of original navigation signals for pseudo-range measurement is from a ground master control station rather than from satellite transponders. This paper addresses the establishment of the three observation equation models for the navigation and positioning system based on communications satellites, and expresses them identically to operator equations and optimized models. Furthermore, both algorithms of the linear solution for the observable characteristic equation and the least-squares solution for the condition number more than 4 are discussed, with several methods for the exact solution, such as improving the behavior of coefficient matrices, right estimation for the weighted right hand side and selection of iteration forms of solutions, and the influence of the condition number on improving navigation and positioning accuracy is also analyzed carefully. Hopefully, all the works would be contributive to further development of the navigation and positioning system based on communications satellites, and be potentially valuable to other satellite navigation and positioning systems. Supported by the National Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB815500)     

天文定位中倾角传感器的标定

为提高天文定位系统的定位精度,减小倾角传感器安装误差对系统水平测量精度的影响,对系统中倾角传感器的安装参数标定及校正进行了研究.首先,给出基于倾角传感器的天文定位系统工作原理,分析倾角传感器安装过程中存在的误差源.然后,提出一种通过对天文定位系统进行改造,利用系统自身完成倾角传感器安装参数标定的方法,并给出了倾角测量数据的校正算法.最后,建立三视场天文定位系统仿真测试平台,对标定方法的性能进行了分析和验证.实验结果表明:该倾角传感器安装参数标定方法的标定精度与倾角传感器自身测量精度保持一致,在全量程范围内校正后的倾角测量结果最大误差为4.315 5″,基本满足天文定位系统中高精度倾角测量要求.