High sensitivity micro-displacement homodyne interferometry北大核心CSCD

Interferometry is widely used in nano-scale micro-topography measurement. In order to improve its accuracy and sensitivity, a high-sensitivity homodyne interferometry based on white light interference and laser secondary interference was proposed. A high-sensitivity homodyne interferometry system was designed, and the zero point of the laser secondary interference was used to locate the dark striation of white light interference, so that it could reach the maximum slope when optical path difference was zero. The signals of white light and laser were analyzed by using the wave principle and intensity formula of interference fringes, and a sensitivity calculation method based on the combination of white light and laser interference signal was proposed. The system and its sensitivity were simulated. Finally, the optical path was built, and the white light interference fringes were adjusted to the dark striations position, so as to locate the zero position of laser secondary interference and carry out the data acquisition. It is showed that the sensitivity of the measurement method is at least 1 832 times higher than that of the laser secondary interference, and the corresponding measurement uncertainty is only ±0.288 7 mV. The measurement system can effectively solve the problem of large amount of calculation in traditional interferometry, and has high sensitivity, stability and reliability. Copyright ©2022 Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

Research on WDM optical fiber transmission system based on fiber Raman amplifier

After wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) optical fiber transmission system based on fiber Raman amplifier (FRA) is investigated in detail, the influence of the collocation of dispersion compensation fiber (DCF), the dispersion coefficient, dispersion slope (DS), effective core area, nonlinear index, length of FRA, launch power and the bandwidth of Bessel filter on bit error rate (BER) is deduced. The influence of Rayleigh backscattering noise on optical signal noise ratio (OSNR) is also investigated, which affects the performance of long haul transmission badly. The result indicates that the broadband long haul transmission can be realized through the reasonable design of the fiber. The result is useful to the optimal design of the WDM optical fiber transmission system based on FRA.     

Localization theory of distributed fiber vibration sensor

Based on Sagnac interferometer, a simple distributed optical fiber sensing system with sub-loop is presented to monitor the vibration applied on the sensing fiber. By introducing a sub-loop, three output beams of interference with different delay time are gotten. Location of the vibration is analyzed through mathematical-physical equations. The vibration frequency, amplitude, and location are theoretically simulated. The results agree well with the previous experiments.     

SETUP AND APPLICATION OF SCANNING NEAR-FIELD OPTICAL MICROSCOPY

The research on the setup and application of scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM) performed in our laboratory is reviewed in this report. We have constructed a versatile low temperature scanning near-field optical microscope with the capability of near-field imaging and spectroscopy, operating at liquid nitrogen temperature. A special designed coaxial double lens was used to introduce the illumination beam through a 200μm fiber; the detected optical signal was transmitted via a fiber tip to an avalanche photon detector. The performance test shows the stability of the new design. The shear force image and optical image of a standard sample are shown. A system of SNOM working at room temperature and atmosphere was used to characterize semiconductors and bio-molecular samples. It revealed the unique features of semiconductor microdisks in the near-field that is significantly different from that of far-field. The effects of different geographic microstructures on the near-field light distribution of InGaP, GaN, and InGaN multi-quantum-well microdisk were observed.     

Experimental demonstration of RSOA-based WDM PON with PPM-encoded downstream signals

Pulse position modulation(PPM) is introduced downstream of the reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA)-based single-fiber full-duplex bidirectional wavelength division multiplex passive optical network(WDM PON) to suppress the interference brought by the remodulation effect in the RSOA, Rayleigh backscattering,and reflection of the connection devices.In addition,because of the powerefficient characteristic of the PPM-encoded signals,the power budget shows clear improvement.As the experimental tests indicate,with～6 dB extinction ratio(ER) in the downstream signal,the receiving sensitivity of the PPM-encoded channel is～2.6 and～3 dB higher than that of the NRZ(Non-return to zero)-encoded channel in the downlink and uplink,respectively.     

Numerical analysis of polarization character in Yb~(3+)-doped fiber amplifiers

Polarization-dependent gain (PDG) and state of polarization (SOP) of the output signal light in Yb3+-doped fiber amplifiers are studied by numerically stimulation, which showed that PDG of output signal light is not only changed with the input pump power and signal power, input polarization of pump and signal light, but also changed with the doping concentration, the cross-section anisotropy, the fiber length, the phase difference of the fiber, and so on. Moreover, SOP of the output signal light is studied. It is found that the polarization of output signal light is relative not only to the phase difference of the fiber, polarization of pump and signal light as the non-doped fiber, but also to PDG of output signal light, the cross-section anisotropy, the doping concentration, and so on, which is different to the non-doped fiber.     

Evaluation of Slow Light Periodic Signals Considering the Distortion in EDF

Based on the fundamental harmonic phase delay, a new definition of fundamental harmonic fractional delay （FHFD） is proposed to evaluate slow light with the consideration of signal distortion, to eliminate the dependence on the choice of the reference point. By solving the rate equation of erbium-doped fiber （EDF）, it is shown that the slow light always accompanies the signal distortion when the periodic signal propagates in EDF, and FHFD depends on the signal distortion, as well as the average input power, the modulation depth and the length of EDF. The results of simulations and experiments indicate that the definition of FHFD is reasonable and effective to evaluate the slow light of periodic signals.     

Optical Interference Effects by Metal Cathode in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

The dependence of light intensities of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) on the distance of emission zone to metal cathode is investigated numerically. The investigation is based on the half-space optical model that accounts for optical interference effects of metal cathode. We find that light intensities of OLEDs are functions of the distance of emission zone from the metal cathode because of the effect of interference of the metal cathode.This interference leads to an optimal location of emission zone in OLEDs for the maximum of light intensities.Optimal locations of emission zone are numerically shown in various emitting colour OLEDs with different metalcathodes and these results are expected to give insight into the preparation of high efficiency full colour or white light OLEDs.     

Retinal axial focusing and multi-layer imaging with a liquid crystal adaptive optics camera

With the help of adaptive optics(AO) technology, cellular level imaging of living human retina can be achieved.Aiming to reduce distressing feelings and to avoid potential drug induced diseases, we attempted to image retina with dilated pupil and froze accommodation without drugs. An optimized liquid crystal adaptive optics camera was adopted for retinal imaging. A novel eye stared system was used for stimulating accommodation and fixating imaging area. Illumination sources and imaging camera kept linkage for focusing and imaging different layers. Four subjects with diverse degree of myopia were imaged. Based on the optical properties of the human eye, the eye stared system reduced the defocus to less than the typical ocular depth of focus. In this way, the illumination light can be projected on certain retina layer precisely.Since that the defocus had been compensated by the eye stared system, the adopted 512 × 512 liquid crystal spatial light modulator(LC-SLM) corrector provided the crucial spatial fidelity to fully compensate high-order aberrations. The Strehl ratio of a subject with-8 diopter myopia was improved to 0.78, which was nearly close to diffraction-limited imaging. By finely adjusting the axial displacement of illumination sources and imaging camera, cone photoreceptors, blood vessels and nerve fiber layer were clearly imaged successfully.     

Nonlinear optical properties of stimulated Brillouin scattering process in submerged object detection

Nonlinear optical properties of stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)to signal detection in water are analyzed.With the threshold characteristics,SBS only occurs when the high power laser is focused in the SBS cell.When there is an object present in front of the focus,it leads to lower incident intensity and then SBS does not occur.The backward SBS signal depends on the focusing location.The nonlinear optical properties of SBS process in the focusing regime are analyzed theoretically.With the object coming near to the focusing center,the backward Stokes signal rises up from zero to a maximum,and then grows to saturation.The delay time of the echo signal to pump signal can give the object location.In experiment, the peak position of varying rate of energy can give object location.     

Improvements in Carrier-to-Noise-Ratio (CNR) of Lightwave Amplitude Modulated Vestigial-Sideband (AM-VSB) Transmission Systems by the Use of Optical Isolators

In lightwave community antena television (CATV) systems as well as other optical fiber communication networks, a transmitted optical signal is known to be degraded by an intensity noise produced within the fiber due to the interference between the signal and doubly reflected light. We report on the improvements to the signal degradation due to the double Rayleigh backscattering by inserting optical isolators in the trunk lines of the systems. A carrier-to-noise ratio (CNR) has been calculated as a function of the number and the insertion loss of the isolators. The calculated results indicate that there is an optimum number of isolators, and if the insertion loss is less than 0.3 dB, the CNR degradation can be restored by more than 60%. To test the calculated results, we conducted experiments for the specific case of employing one isolator, and obtained good agreements between the two.     

Rayleigh scattering optical frequency correlation in a single-mode optical fiber

The bichromatic optical frequency correlation function for Rayleigh backscattering from a pulse of laser light propagating along a single-mode optical fiber has been calculated and measured. It is shown that the optical correlation frequency, Dnu(c) , is equal to the reciprocal of pulse width T(w) . These results are important for the development of wavelength diversity techniques for the reduction of coherent Rayleigh noise in distributed Rayleigh backscattering single-mode optical fiber sensors.     

光纤式输油管道安全预警系统

提出了一种基于光时域反射原理(Optical Time Domain Reflectometer,ODTR)和分布式光纤传感器的输油管道泄漏实时监测技术。当输油管道发生泄漏时,光纤所处的温度场发生变化,利用光纤后向拉曼散射的温度效应,通过测量该处的温度变化来判断管道泄漏;当发生人为破坏(盗油)事件时,所产生的振动、压力等扰动信号使在光纤中传输的后向瑞利散射光产生明显的损耗特征,通过测量其光强的变化来检测管道是否受到扰动或破坏。用ODTR技术实现对光纤测量点的定位。实验结果表明,光纤长度5km(可延长),测温范围0～90℃(可扩展),温度测量偏差小于+ 5℃,对扰动外力和温度的定位偏差小于15m。该检测技术可以有效地提高输油管道泄漏监测的水平和油的防盗水平。     

双马赫-曾德尔分布式光纤传感系统定位技术

基于马赫-曾德尔干涉原理的分布式光纤传感系统具有对油气管道破坏行为的预警潜力,而分布式的定位技术是其关键技术之一;基于互相关原理、对其定位理论进行了研究,构建了基于虚拟仪器平台的实验系统、并进行了试验;在总长20 km光纤的8个不同位置分别进行多次试验,初步试验结果达到了149 m的定位精度,接近了实际工程的定位需求。     

Optical beat interference-tolerant 60-km WDM/SCM-PON link based on reflective-SOA using amplified spontaneous emission and wavelength conversion

An optical beat interference (OBI)-resistant 60-km wavelength division multiplexed/subcarrier multiplexing-passive optical network (WDM/SCM-PON) is proposed. This scheme disperses OBI-noises using broadband amplified spontaneous emission (ASE)-light as an optical source for optical network unit. An uplink transmission is executed using a cross gain modulated light by ASE source with data in a local exchange. Error free transmissions of up and downlink are experimentally accomplished after 60-km optical transmission. The impact of Rayleigh backscattering noise on 100-Mb/s uplink signal is also investigated.     

混沌-脉冲混合信号光时域反射仪

研制了一种混沌-脉冲混合信号光时域反射仪,其工作原理是通过连续混沌光与离散脉冲光分别对光纤中的菲涅尔反射与后向瑞利散射进行高精度测量,将2次测量结果进行线性叠加得到光纤故障测量曲线,该仪器解决了传统混沌光时域反射仪无法测量光纤损耗事件的问题。实验中利用G.652.B单模光纤作为被测对象,对该仪器进行了实际测试,测试结果表明:所研制的混沌-脉冲混合信号光时域反射仪在104 km测量范围内实现了与距离无关的35 cm空间分辨率测量,对光纤损耗事件也有良好的检测效果。     

光电信息事件识别感知关键技术研究进展

目前随着公共安全领域非法入侵事件的数量急剧增加,迫切需要新型传感技术来侦测非法入侵事件。针对精确定位、准确识别、多参量融合等瓶颈问题,天津大学、天地伟业技术有限公司等研究机构提出了光电信息事件识别感知关键技术,其紧密融合了视频监控和分布式光纤传感两种技术的优势,通过光时域与光频域分布式扰动定位技术、干涉信号模式识别技术、超星光图像识别技术、视频捕捉分析识别技术、多参量感知融合技术、主动式偏振跟踪感知技术等,实现了重点区域内异常事件的全天候、全覆盖监控识别。重点介绍了光电信息事件识别感知的关键技术研究进展。     

任意波形输入脉冲光纤背向瑞利散射的研究

背向瑞利散射是光纤中一种重要的物理过程,利用该物理现象实现的光时域反射计是一种重要且常见的光纤测量设备.本文理论研究了任意波形的输入脉冲在光纤中的背向瑞利散射过程,导出了将瑞利散射看作为一种线性系统的冲激响应函数,讨论了方波与有振荡拖尾的注入脉冲的背向散射输出波形.对于方波注入,利用商用光时域反射仪表对理论进行了验证;对于有拖尾的脉冲,进行了实验研究,结果表明仿真与实验结果一致.     

任意波形输入脉冲光纤背向瑞利散射的研究

背向瑞利散射是光纤中一种重要的物理过程,利用该物理现象实现的光时域反射计是一种重要且常见的光纤测量设备.本文理论研究了任意波形的输入脉冲在光纤中的背向瑞利散射过程,导出了将瑞利散射看作为一种线性系统的冲激响应函数,讨论了方波与有振荡拖尾的注入脉冲的背向散射输出波形.对于方波注入,利用商用光时域反射仪表对理论进行了验证;对于有拖尾的脉冲,进行了实验研究,结果表明仿真与实验结果一致.