Real-time positioning technology of train based on optical fiber coherent Rayleigh backscattering北大核心CSCD

With the rapid growth of railway mileage in China, the degree of heavy load of railway wagons continues to increase. An interference technology based on Rayleigh backscattering signal in optical fiber was proposed by using existing communication optical cables along railway lines. When the fiber vibrated slightly, the phase and refractive index of the fiber at disturbed position changed, which resulting in the Rayleigh backscattering light. By performing differential calculation on the Rayleigh signal curves before and after the operation, the location of the interference light intensity signal corresponded to the location of the disturbances was obtained. Based on this method, the recognition and positioning of railway vehicles were realized. By collecting and analyzing the time-domain and frequency-domain signal, the signal strength, train length, the number of carriages and other characteristics were extracted, and the model of railway vehicles were accurately recognized. Compared with traditional positioning technologies, this technology could realize long-distance monitoring, and the sensing fiber was buried underground on both sides of the railway, which was conducive to the concealment and protection of optical fiber. Experimental results show that the positioning error of the system is within ±10 m, and the detection of railway speed and position within 25 km can be realized. © 2022 Editorial office of Journal of Applied Optics. All rights reserved.     

45°光纤微反射镜聚焦离子束加工及多轴位移检测研究

聚焦离子束加工作为一种微纳加工手段,可以用来制造纳米元件和微结构元件。研究了在多芯光纤的末端,使用聚焦离子束加工技术设计和制造45°镜面的全过程。该光学镜面由两步加工完成,首先是扫描过程,用来制造粗糙的切割面;然后是抛光过程,用来完成光学表面的光洁处理。加工完成的45°镜面可以准确地与光纤的纤芯对接,避免了外部转向镜组件对接的相关问题。实验测试表明,加工的结构可以通过干涉测量两个垂直轴向的位移值,检测位移测量范围大致为60 μm,X和Y方向的均方根绝对测量误差约为1.75‰和1.97‰。该技术有望用于精密零件内表面、血管内壁等检测领域。