耦合带状线定向耦合器大功率合成器的设计

介绍了直线加速器高频全固态功率源中大功率合成器件-3 dB定向耦合器的理论计算和工程设计过程, 该合成器工作频率80.5 MHz, 输出连续波功率大于20 kW。 分析了合成器的功率容量, 并对相应的理论计算结果、 CST (Computer Simulation Technology)软件模拟计算结果和实际功率合成器件测量结果进行了比较。 通过比较得出, CST仿真结果与测试结果基本一致, 隔离度和电压驻波比等实测指标优于设计指标, 只有耦合度与设计指标有些偏差, 总体上达到了预期的设计要求。 在输出功率20 kW时, 取样波形无失真, 合成器无明显温升, 满足固态功率源大功率稳定运行的要求。 The principle of design and calculation of the power synthesis in the solid state amplifier are described in this paper. The working frequency of the synthesizer is 80.5 MHz. The output continuous wave power is more than 20 kW; The synthesizer power capacity is analyzed. The theoretical calculation results, Computer Simulation Technology (CST) simulated results are compared with the measured results of the actual 3 dB couplers. The analysis of the measured results and CST calculated results shows that the simulation is in agreement with the measurement results which meet the design requirements of the solid state amplifier. Except the coupling coefficient, the isolation, the VSWR and other parameters are better than the design target. When the output power is 20 kW, the sampling waveform has no deform and the temperature of the synthesizer is stable.     

The research of high-directive anisotropic magnetic metamaterial antenna loaded with frequency-selective surface

This paper uses a Computer Simulation Technology microwave studio to simulate the performance of a new high-directivity anisotropic magnetic metamaterial antenna loaded with a frequency-selective surface. Frequency-selective surface with cross-dipole element has a great effect on the directivity, radiation pattern, and gain of such an antenna. The experimental results show that frequency-selective surface (FSS) significantly improve the radiation performance of anisotropic magnetic metamaterial antenna. For example, as a single anisotropic magnetic metamaterial antenna, half power beam width is 4 degrees in the H planes, and the gain of this antenna is 19.5 dBi at 10 GHz, achieving a 2.1 degree increment in half power beam width, and a 7.3 dB gain increment by loading with the FSS reflector. The simulating results are consistent with our experimental results.     

31.02 MHz回旋加速器谐振腔Dee电压的标定

中国科学院近代物理研究所医用重离子加速器(HIMM) 高频系统31.02 MHz回旋加速器谐振腔已完成设计加工和腔体的老炼,并投入正常运行。高频腔体的设计峰值Dee 电压要求达到70 kV,但是Dee 电压准确计算比较困难,可以通过CST 仿真软件对腔体进行模拟得到高频腔体的RP=Q0 值,结合输入到腔体的实际功率,计算出腔体的实际电压值。为了验证Dee 电压的准确性,在相同的腔体输入功率条件下,利用韧致辐射法测量腔体电压,测量结果与计算结果误差在0.6% 以内。The 31.02 MHz cyclotron RF system of Heavy Ion Medical Machine (HIMM) in IMP(Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences) has completed the design and commssioning,and now has already been put into operation. Its peak voltage requires 70 kV, but the precise calculation of the Dee voltage is still a difficulty problem, we can get the value Rp/Q0 of the cavity by CST simulation, and then combining the actual input power for cavity to calculate the real Dee voltage. In order to verify its accuracy, we use the bremsstrahlung method to test the cavity voltage under the condition of same input power. The error between test results and calculation is less than 0.6%.     

Study of a rectangular coupled cavity extendedinteraction oscillator in sub-terahertz waves

An extended interaction oscillator （EIO） generating 120 GHz wave in sub-terahertz waves is studied by using the three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software CST and PIC codes. A rectangular reentrant coupled-cavity is proposed as the slow-wave structure of EIO. By CST, the circuit parameters including frequency-phase dispersion, interaction impedance and characteristic impedance are simulated and calculated. The operation mode of EIO is chosen very close to the point where βL = 2π with corresponding frequency 120 GHz, the beam voltage 12 kV and the dimensions of the cavity with the period 0.5mm, the height 3mm and the width 1.4mm. Simulation results of beam-wave interaction by PIC show that the exciting frequency is 120.85 GHz and output peak power 465 W with 12-period coupled-cavity with the perveance 0.17 μP. Simulation results indicate that the EIO has very wide range of the operation voltage.     

Theoretical analysis of a new extraction system for a DUHOCAMIS operating in a high magnetic field

A new extraction system is designed for a penning ion source DUHOCAMIS （dual hollow cathode ion source for metal ion beams） being installed at the Institute of Heavy Ion Physics,Peking University.We have analyzed theoretically the central particle trajectories in the extraction region for ions having different q/m ratios and then compared our results with the simulation results of CST （Computer Simulation Technology） software.The validity of the system is verified and some analytical formulas are obtained which will be used for the optimization of the extraction system as well as the experimental setup.     

Design of a higher harmonic cavity for the SSRF storage ring

Higher harmonic cavity used in the third generation synchrotron light source increases the Touschek lifetime. The higher harmonic cavity of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (SSRF) is a 1.5GHz passive superconducting cavity. Its higher order modes (HOM) are extracted by a ferrite HOM damper out of the cryostat. Multi-cell cavity is chosen concerning the voltage. The harmonic cavity dynamics, beam dynamics with passive harmonic cavity and the design of single cell cavity are included in this paper.     

Design and performance of the LLRF system for CSNS/RCS

The rapid cycling synchrotron(RCS) is part of the China Spallation Neutron Source(CSNS). The RCS provides 1.6 Ge V protons with a repetition rate of 25 Hz. The RF system in RCS is mainly composed of a ferrite loaded RF cavity, a high power tetrode amplifier, a bias supply of 3300 A and a digital low level RF(LLRF) system based on FPGA. The major challenge of the LLRF system is to solve problems caused by rapid frequency sweeping and the heavy beam loading effect. A total of eight control loops are applied to ensure the normal operation. An effective feedforward scheme is widely used to improve the dynamic performance of the system. The design of the LLRF system and high power integration test results with the prototype RF system are presented.     

Low beta spoke cavity multipacting analysis

The simulation and analysis for electron multipacting phenomenon in a low β spoke superconducting cavity in ADS proton accelerator are proposed. Using both CST and Track3P codes, the electron multipacting calculation for β=0.12 spoke superconducting cavity is implemented. The methods of multipacting calculation on both codes are studied and described. With the comparison between the calculation results and the cavity vertical test result, the accuracy and reliability of different codes on calculating multipacting are analyzed. Multipacting calculation can help to understand the results of vertical test and also can help to do the optimization in cavity design.     

RF system design and measurement of HIRF-CSRe

An RF system for the CSRe （cooling storage experimental ring） is designed and manufactured domestically. The present paper mainly describes the RF system design in five main sections： ferrite ring, RF cavity, RF generator, low level system and cavity cooling. The cavity is based on a type of coaxial resonator which is shorted at the end with one gap and loaded with domestic ferrite rings. The RF generator is designed in the push-pull mode and the low level control system is based on a DSP＋FGPA＋DDS＋USB interface and has three feedback loops. Finally we give the results of the measurement on our system.     

Design and test of the microwave cavity in an optically-pumped Rubidium beam frequency standard

We are developing a compact rubidium atomic beam frequency standard with optical pumping and detection.The cavity for microwave interrogation is an important part of the clock.The cavity in our design is a Ramsey-type,E-bend one,which is the same as the conventional method in most cesium beam clocks.Requirements for the design are proposed based on the frequency shift associated with the cavity.The basic structure of the cavity is given by theoretical analysis and detailed dimensions are determined by means of electromagnetic field simulation with the help of commercial software.The cavity is manufactured and fabricated successfully.The preliminary test result of the cavity is given,which is in good agreement with the simulation.The resonant frequency is 6.835 GHz,equal to the clock transition frequency of87Rb,and the loaded quality factor is 500.These values are adjustable with posts outside the cavity.Estimations on the Ramsey line width and several frequency shifts are made.     

RF system design and measurement of HIRF-CSRe

An RF system for the CSRe (cooling storage experimental ring) is designed and manufactured domestically. The present paper mainly describes the RF system design in five main sections:ferrite ring, RF cavity, RF generator, low level system and cavity cooling. The cavity is based on a type of coaxial resonator which is shorted at the end with one gap and loaded with domestic ferrite rings. The RF generator is designed in the push-pull mode and the low level control system is based on a DSP+FGPA+DDS+USB interface and has three feedback loops. Finally we give the results of the measurement on our system.     

THE TIME RESPONSE OF THE FERRITE LOADED CAVITY AND STABILITY OF BIAS AUTOTUNING SYSTEM

A state space model is described, the time response of ferrite loaded cavity is proposed and a new digital measuring method devised.
Results of actual measurement on model cavity are given. On these bases the stability of stationary state of bias autotuning system to fast external perturbation is discussed.     

重离子加速器冷却储存环高频腔体设计

 通过二维高频电磁场的计算，设计了兰州重离子加速器冷却储存环（HIRFL–CSR）的铁氧体加载腔，给出了高频系统主要参数及加速电场的分布。     

A Two-dimensional Full-wave Finite-difference Frequency-domain Analysis of Ferrite Loaded Structures

A two-dimensional (2-D) full-wave finite-difference frequency-domain (FDFD) method is presented for analyzing the dispersion characteristics of transversely magnetized ferrite loaded structures. Results for a number of different ferrite loaded structures are presented. The accuracy of the FDFD formulation is verified by comparing the numerical results with analytical results and those obtained using the FDTD method, and very good agreement is obtained.     

同步加速器Barrier Bucket高频电压的研究

同步加速器Barrier Bucket高频系统用于克服空间电荷效应的影响,并对束团进行预压缩从而实现束团的多次累积来提高束流的流强。实现Barrier Bucket束流多次累积,要求在同步环高频加速腔上产生一个单正弦电压信号。针对单正弦波形的特点,讨论在同轴加载腔上产生该电压波形的方法和条件。通过对单正弦信号的频谱分析得出信号对加速腔高频系统的带宽要求,运用等效并联电路的方法并将同轴加载腔作线性时不变近似,求出输出的腔体电压与输入的激励电流间的关系。Barrier Bucket电压信号对加速腔整个高频系统的带宽要求至少应为单正弦频率的两倍。输入的激励电流为单正弦信号的基础上叠加上一个直流脉冲偏置,偏置大小为腔体Q值。最后,根据分析的结果在兰州重离子加速器冷却储存实验环（CSRe）高频系统的铁氧体加载腔和新研制的磁合金加载腔系统上进行测试,并对测试结果作相关讨论。     

铁氧体环的导磁率及其品质因数的测量

 初级绕有线圈的铁氧体环形成电感，如果同时在其次级绕有偏磁线圈并加一直流电流，当此电流改变时，铁氧体导磁率会随之改变，绕有线圈的铁氧体环的电感量也就相应改变。加载了铁氧体环谐振腔的谐振阻抗与铁氧体导磁率、品质因数及腔体谐振频率的乘积成正比，而腔体谐振阻抗直接决定其所需功率的大小。讨论了铁氧体环导磁率和品质因数的测量原理，给出了测试装置的具体电路和测量结果。     

Eigen electric moments and magnetic–dipolar vortices in quasi-2D ferrite disks

In a quasi-2D ferrite disk with a dominating role of magnetic–dipolar (non-exchange-interaction) spectra, one can observe the vortex structures. The vortices are guaranteed by the chiral edge states of magnetic–dipolar modes which result in appearance of eigen electric moments oriented normally to the disk plane. Due to the eigen-electric-moment properties, a ferrite disk placed in a microwave cavity is strongly affected by the cavity RF electric field with a clear evidence for multi-resonance oscillations. For different cavity parameters, one may observe the resonance absorption and resonance repulsion behaviors.     

铁氧体磁芯感应加速腔模型

 针对铁氧体磁芯,建立了以多层有损传输线为基础的同轴感应加速腔物理模型,并在短脉冲励磁条件下,通过低压及高压实验,结合PSpice电路模拟,对模型的准确性进行了验证,并由此间接推算出了铁氧体磁芯在不同情况下的平均脉冲磁导率和介电常数。实验和模拟结果显示,该模型能够准确地反映铁氧体磁芯感应腔在脉冲励磁下的动态物理过程,为感应加速腔实验结果分析、结构优化设计及磁芯性能选取提供了准确有效的方法。     

双间隙输出腔开放腔的高频特性分析

 建立了S波段相对论速调管放大器双间隙输出腔开放腔的3维模型。采用时域有限差分法，通过监测激励电流源的响应计算了该双间隙输出腔的谐振频率、有载Q值、场分布以及特性阻抗，并分析了腔体结构尺寸对谐振频率、有载Q值和特性阻抗的影响。研究表明：腔体半径对开放腔的谐振频率影响很大，耦合孔尺寸对腔体谐振频率的影响较小；随着耦合孔张角增加，有载Q值逐渐减小；随着腔体半径增大、间隙的减小，腔体特性阻抗降低。研究结果可为S波段强流相对论速调管放大器双间隙输出腔的设计提供理论依据。