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利用差分吸收光谱技术(DOAS)研究了去除BTX(大气中芳香烃污染物的主要成分)测量中O2、O3和SO2的干扰吸收. 针对O2的非线性吸收以及特征吸收结构随柱浓度的不同而变化的特点,研究了O2吸收组成成份-各个吸收带的非同步变化,即三个Herzberg吸收带与O2二聚体吸收带间的非同步变化,以及三个Herzberg吸收带之间,O2-O2和O2-N2两种二聚体吸收带之间也存在的非同步变化;结合各个吸收带的来源与特点研究了各个吸收带在O2吸收中的比重,以及对O2吸收在大气谱中校准误差的影响,最后得出最佳去除方法并证明了光程插值去除O2吸收的可能性. 针对大气中含量较高的O3与SO2的吸收,主要研究了吸收谱主要的影响因素-温度效应对于O3和SO2吸收结构去除误差的影响,讨论了用插值方法去除O3吸收结构时应选择的最佳温度条件. 最后,通过对实际大气进行了实际监测,获得了与点式仪器GC的检测结果的较好相关性,并得到了较低的BTX的检测限,验证了该方法的可行性. 相似文献
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设计了一种具有光栅结构砷化镓吸收层的薄膜太阳能电池,利用严格耦合波方法对矩形光栅和三角形光栅结构砷化镓吸收层在300~900 nm入射波长范围内的吸收效率进行了分析。结果表明:相比于平坦吸收层,两种光栅结构在TE和TM偏振光条件下吸收效率均有提高,峰值吸收率可提高55.9%。并对矩形光栅、三角形光栅结构参数进行了优化设计,对两种光栅吸收层的角度依赖性做了分析,得出在填充比和厚度相同的情况下,正三角形光栅吸收层的角度依赖性最优。最后利用有限元法对入射光在电池吸收层的吸收增强效应进行了理论模拟,通过与平坦结构吸收层的电场分布对比,可以直观地看出入射光在光栅结构吸收层的吸收增强效应。该研究结果为制备高效率、高性能太阳能电池结构提供了参考依据。 相似文献
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几种非线性吸收产生条件的理论分析 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
由速率方程着手,分析了单光子吸收过程的几种吸收类型的产生条件,发现饱和吸收、反饱和吸收相互转化的综合非线性吸收与饱和吸收、反饱和吸收产生条件不同,不只与吸收截面有关,还与入射光强有关,光强达到一定阈值,才能发生转化.材料的参数及入射光频率共同影响转化的光强阈值. 相似文献
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甲烷是瓦斯的主要成分,是易燃易爆的气体。介绍了瓦斯的光谱特性以及光谱吸收法测量甲烷气体浓度的原理,给出了光谱吸收型光纤瓦斯气体传感器的主要进展和技术路径,包括差分吸收测量法和谐波吸收测量法。通过分析可看出,光谱吸收型光纤瓦斯传感器以其优良的特性得到了广泛关注,其中差分吸收法的抗干扰能力强,系统可靠性高,具有较强的工程应用价值。 相似文献
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火焰原子吸收法测定钢铁中钴时的背景吸收及消除 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
李建强 《光谱学与光谱分析》1999,19(3):380-382
对于背景校正装置的原子吸收分光光度计,用火焰原子吸收法测定钴时,由于铁等有背景吸收(指铁的背景通过吸收池以后的背景,称为背景吸收),故无法用标准加入法测定钢铁中低含量钴。本文对测钴时的背景吸收及铁的干扰做了详细的研究,用金242.8nm谱线做为测钴时背景吸收校正线,可完全扣除背景吸收。用标准加入法测定了钢及高温合金中低含量钴。 相似文献
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分别对常规分裂和非分裂完全匹配层吸收边界在完全弹性介质和孔隙介质的应用效果进行了比较研究。比较了两种吸收边界应用于完全弹性介质和孔隙介质所需计算量、存储量大小以及吸收效果。为比较吸收效果,首先给出两种吸收边界下声场快照图的比较,然后利用吸收边界附近的接收点波形,计算和分析了两种吸收边界在固定入射角度处随时间变化的边界反射幅度,以及对不同入射角度声波的边界反射系数。研究结果表明,无论是完全弹性介质还是孔隙介质,常规非分裂完全匹配层吸收边界比分裂完全匹配层吸收边界对垂直入射乃至一般入射角度的声波都有更好的吸收效果,但需要更大的存储量和计算量。 相似文献
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《声学学报:英文版》2015,(1)
分别对常规分裂和非分裂完全匹配层吸收边界在完全弹性介质和孔隙介质的应用效果进行了比较研究。比较了两种吸收边界应用于完全弹性介质和孔隙介质所需计算量、存储量大小以及吸收效果。为比较吸收效果,首先给出两种吸收边界下声场快照图的比较,然后利用吸收边界附近的接收点波形,计算和分析了两种吸收边界在固定入射角度处随时间变化的边界反射幅度,以及对不同入射角度声波的边界反射系数。研究结果表明,无论是完全弹性介质还是孔隙介质,常规非分裂完全匹配层吸收边界比分裂完全匹配层吸收边界对垂直入射乃至一般入射角度的声波都有更好的吸收效果,但需要更大的存储量和计算量。 相似文献
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设计了一种具有光栅结构砷化镓吸收层的薄膜太阳能电池,利用严格耦合波方法分析了矩形光栅和双层矩形光栅结构砷化镓吸收层在280~900nm入射波长范围内的吸收效率.分析表明:在吸收层厚度一定的条件下,矩形光栅结构相比于平坦形吸收层的吸收率有较大提高;双层矩形光栅吸收效果更为明显,其对可见光的吸收率在较大波长范围内比单层矩形光栅提高了至少10%,比平坦形提高了至少20%.可见通过结构设计,光子在光栅内随机反射增加了光在吸收层的作用时间和距离,增强了吸收层对光的吸收率,进而提高薄膜太阳能电池的光电转换效率. 相似文献
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在n型四能级原子系统中,研究了电磁感应吸收的非线性理论.结果表明:探测光的拉比频率和衰减分配系数A影响非线性吸收,进而影响介质吸收.当探测光光强较弱时,介质吸收和线性吸收一致,均表现为电磁感应吸收特征;当探测光光强增大时,介质吸收和线性吸收不再一致,介质吸收曲线将会呈现出烧孔现象;当探测光光强增大到控制光(或信号光)光强时,介质吸收表现出很大的增益现象.同时,非线性吸收受到衰减分配系数A的影响,即使在探测场很弱的条件下,随着A值的减小,介质吸收由电磁感应吸收现象表
关键词:
电磁感应吸收
非线性吸收
增益现象
n型四能级原子系统 相似文献
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《Infrared Physics & Technology》2000,41(3):169-173
A solid precursor was used to prepare ferroelectric lead zirconate titanate (PZT) 30/70 thin films using the sol–gel deposition method. To apply PZT thin films for uncooled pyroelectric IR sensors, a Ni layer was deposited onto the PZT thin films, serving both as a selective absorption layer and as the top electrode. The absorption properties of such Ni coated multi-layered pyroelectric sensors were studied in the visible and infrared wavelength ranges. The maximum absorption coefficient of this type of IR sensor was measured to be 0.8 at 0.633 μm and 0.7 at 4 μm wavelength, respectively. A striking asymmetric polarization hysteresis loop in these PZT thin films with Ni as the top electrode was observed as a direct consequence. This asymmetric polarization was attributed to cause the difference in the dynamic pyroelectric responses in these Ni/PZT/Pt films, poled either positively or negatively before the measurement. 相似文献
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利用THz时域光谱技术(THz-TDS)探测了制作在SiO2/Si衬底上的(Pb,La)TiO3铁电薄膜的频谱响应,获得了三种不同烧结温度的掺镧钛酸铅(PLT)薄膜的THz频谱.根据实验数据计算得到了PLT薄膜在0.2~3 THz频段内的吸收系数、折射率和复介电常数,并对比了三种不同烧结温度的PLT薄膜的实验计算结果.实验结果表明,三种PLT薄膜在所测频段内均有较强吸收,且都在1.5 THz处有一个明显的吸收峰,在2.25 THz处有一个相对较弱的吸收峰. 相似文献
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Litty Irimpan A. Deepthy L.M. Kukreja P. Radhakrishnan 《Optics Communications》2008,281(10):2938-2943
In the present work, we report the third order nonlinear optical properties of ZnO thin films deposited using self assembly, sol gel process as well as pulsed laser ablation by z scan technique. ZnO thin films clearly exhibit a negative nonlinear index of refraction at 532 nm and the observed nonlinear refraction is attributed to two photon absorption followed by free carrier absorption. Although the absolute nonlinear values for these films are comparable, there is a change in the sign of the absorptive nonlinearity of the films. The films developed by dip coating and pulsed laser ablation exhibit reverse saturable absorption whereas the self assembled film exhibits saturable absorption. These different nonlinear characteristics in the self assembled films can be mainly attributed to the saturation of linear absorption of the ZnO defect states. 相似文献
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The effect of hydrogen absorption on electrical resistance with temperature for TiNi and TiNi-Cr thin films was investigated. The TiNi thin films of thickness 800 Å were deposited at different angles (? = 0°, 30°, 45°, 60° and 75°) under 10?5 Torr pressure by thermal evaporation on the glass substrate at room temperature. A layer of Cr of thickness 100 Å was coated on the TiNi thin films. The changing rate of hydrogen absorption increases after Cr layer coating because Cr enhances the catalytic properties of hydrogen absorption in thin films. The rate of hydrogen absorption increases with temperature at lower range but at higher range of temperature it was found to decrease and also it was found that the hydrogen absorption increases with angle of deposition. 相似文献
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利用脉冲激光沉积技术在非晶石英衬底上制备立方结构MgZnO薄膜,并研究MgZnO薄膜结晶特性、光学带隙随生长温度的变化情况。当生长温度从150℃升高到700℃时,MgZnO薄膜的生长取向由(200)向(111)转变。在600℃以下,MgZnO薄膜光学带隙的变化规律与晶格中Mg和Zn原子比例的变化趋势是一致的;而当温度升至700℃时,虽然MgZnO晶格中Mg和Zn原子比例降低,但由于平均晶粒尺寸变大,薄膜的光学带隙反而上升。在300℃和700℃晶格匹配的情况下,获得了单一(200)和(111)取向的立方MgZnO薄膜。 相似文献
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This study investigated the effects of ZnSe nanoparticles (NPs) on the structural and (linear and nonlinear) optical properties of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) thin film. Three samples of ZnSe NP-doped PVA thin films with different concentrations of ZnSe were produced on a glass substrate. The ZnSe NPs were synthesized by pulsed laser ablation of the ZnSe bulk target immersed in distilled water using a 1064 nm wavelength and a high frequency pulsed Nd:YAG laser. The optical bandgap energies of the films were extracted from their UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectra. The corresponding energy bandgaps of the nanocomposite films declined as the ZnSe NPs doping concentration increased. X-ray diffraction analysis was used to characterize the crystalline phases of the ZnSe/PVA nanocomposite films. The concentration-dependent nonlinear optical absorption and nonlinear refraction behaviors of the films after exposure to 532-nm nanosecond laser pulses were investigated using the Z-scan technique. The nonlinear absorption response of the films was positive when measured using an open aperture scheme, which was attributed to the two-photon absorption mechanism. In addition, the nonlinear refraction indices had a negative value and they increased as the concentration of ZnSe NPs in the films increased. 相似文献