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工作于可见和紫外波段的脉冲激光光声装置 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
报道一种工作于可见和紫外波段的脉冲激光光声装置 .该装置以YAG泵浦的染料激光为光源 (脉宽为8ns ,工作频率为 10Hz) .用此装置记录了C2 H2 分子的泛频激发谱和A1Au←X1Σ+ g 电子跃迁谱 ,并测量了光声强度随气体压力及激光能量的变化关系 .将光声谱用于分子的电子跃迁 .由于脉冲激光光声装置和实验操作十分简便 ,因而除需超高分辨的场合外 ,它均可用来代替共振 (或非共振 )调制cw激光光声装置 .还讨论了脉冲方式和cw调制方式的不同特点 相似文献
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利用可调谐脉冲激光器激发联合聚焦超声探测器前向探测模式搭建了一套血糖光声无损检测实验装置。为了测试该装置的可靠性,实验中利用532 nm泵浦Nd∶YAG调Q脉冲激光器激发不同浓度的葡萄糖水溶液产生实时光声信号;采用脉冲激光在近红外波段1 300~2 300 nm内固定间隔波长10 nm扫描方式激发不同浓度的葡萄糖水溶液,获取了不同波长下的葡萄糖光声峰峰值,利用差谱方法筛选出了多个葡萄糖的特性波长;然后采用主成分回归算法优选了三个特性波长,并建立了浓度梯度与对应三个优选波长光声峰峰值之间的数学校正模型。实验表明,葡萄糖水溶液的光声信号符合弱吸收介质的柱状光声源模型;利用建立的校正模型对校正集和预测集的葡萄糖浓度预测结果表明,葡萄糖浓度的校正和预测均方根误差均小于10 mg·dl-1,相似系数为0.993 6。 相似文献
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多脉冲激光尾波场加速电子方法中限制尾波场振幅的主要机理是“相位失谐”,起源于非线 性效应导致尾波波长随振幅的增长而变大,从而后续脉冲逐渐偏离加速相位. 借助2D3V PIC 模拟方法优化各脉冲之间的间距,使之等于前面脉冲激发的尾波波长,模拟结果表明激发了 更大振幅的尾波场,同时激发了更强的“前向Raman散射”,它在限制尾波场进一步增长的 过程发挥了重要作用.
关键词:
多脉冲激光尾波加速
有质动力
相位失谐
前向Raman散射 相似文献
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针对浅海声波导中远距离脉冲声源被动测距问题,提出了一种利用单水听器接收信号自相关函数进行warping变换的声源被动测距方法。理想水下声波导中,接收信号warping变换输出的傅里叶变换频谱中具有不变性频率特征,即与声源距离无关的各简正波截止频率;信号自相关函数中不同简正波相干成分也存在不变性频率特征;推导了未知声源距离时特征频率提取值与不变性频率特征之间的近似关系式。这些规律可推广到实际浅海声波导,并用于声源被动测距。利用声场计算模型来提供具有不变性频率特征的频谱,对2011年12月北黄海海域水声实验中单水听器接收的脉冲声数据进行了处理,验证了方法的有效性,测距结果和实际距离符合良好,平均测距误差在10%以内。 相似文献
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Juha?M.?Saarela Torbj?rn?L?fqvist Kerstin?Ramser Per?Gren Erik?Olson Jan?Niemi Mikael?Sj?dahl 《Central European Journal of Physics》2010,8(2):235-241
This study is focused on exploring the feasibility of an all-optic surface scanning method in determining the size and position
of a submerged, laser generated, optoacoustic (OA) source. The optoacoustic effect in this case was generated when the absorption
of a short electromagnetic pulse in matter caused a dielectric breakdown, a plasma emission flash and a subsequent acoustic
wave. In the experiment, a laser pulse with λ = 1064 nm and 12 ns pulse length was aimed at a volume of deionized water. When
the laser beam was focused by a f = 16 mm lens, a single dielectric breakdown spot occurred. When a f = 40 mm was used several breakdowns in a row were induced. The breakdowns were photographed using a double shutter camera.
The acoustic wave generated by the dielectric breakdowns were detected at a point on the water surface using a laser Doppler
vibrometer (LDV). First, the LDV signal was used to calculate the speed of sound with an accuracy of 10 m/s. Secondly, the
location and length of the dielectric breakdown was calculated with an accuracy of 1 mm. The calculated position matched the
breakdown location recorded by a camera. The results show that it is possible to use LDV surface measurements from a single
spot to determine both the position and length of the OA source as well as the speed of sound in the medium. Furthermore,
the LDV measurements also show a secondary peak that originates from the OA source. To unravel the origin and properties of
this interesting feature, further investigations are necessary 相似文献
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A method to generate a pulse sound source for acoustic tests based on nanosecond laser ablation with a plasma plume is discussed. Irradiating a solid surface with a laser beam expands a high-temperature plasma plume composed of free electrons, ionized atoms, etc. at a high velocity throughout ambient air. The shockwave generated by the plasma plume becomes the pulse sound source. A laser ablation sound source has two features. Because laser ablation is induced when the laser fluence reaches 1012–1014 W/m2, which is less than that for laser-induced breakdown (1015 W/m2), laser ablation can generate a lower sound pressure, and the sound source has a hemispherical radiation pattern on the surface where laser ablation is generated. Additionally, another feature is that laser-induced breakdown sound sources can fluctuate, whereas laser ablation sound sources do not because laser ablation is produced at a laser beam–irradiation point. We validate this laser ablation method for acoustic tests by comparing the measured and theoretical resonant frequencies of an impedance tube. 相似文献
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We studied the changes of the pulse shape and the phase of the spectral components in converging-surface acoustic wave pulses. These pulses were excited with a femtosecond laser by a thermoelastic mechanism. To produce converging acoustic pulses, the laser beam was focused with an axicon in a circle on the surface of an aluminum sample. During propagation through the focus, the shape of the pulses of the normal surface velocity changed from two to three polar. The absolute value of the phase of the spectral components experienced a change close to pi/2 rad (Gouy phase shift) after passage of the focal region. These observations were confirmed by analytical and numerical calculations based on the two-dimensional wave equation for surface acoustic waves. 相似文献
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Qin Qin 《Applied Acoustics》2004,65(4):325-340
When a high-power laser beam is focused at a point, the air at the focal point is heated to temperatures of thousands of degrees within several nanoseconds and breaks down. This generates a spark that, in turn, is accompanied by an acoustic shock wave. The acoustic shock waves generated by focussing the beam from a pulsed laser with a 1064 nm wavelength and a power of 800 mJ per pulse have been measured using 1/4″ and 1/8″ B&K microphones. Nonlinear sound levels are observed up to 1.5 m from the laser-induced sparks. Beyond a certain region close to the source, levels are found to decrease in a manner consistent with spherical spreading plus nonlinear hydrodynamic losses. Analysis of the waveforms shows that the acoustic pulses associated with the laser-induced sparks are more repeatable and have higher intensity than those from an electrical spark source. Laser-generated acoustic shock waves are ideal for simulating a blast wave or a sonic boom in the laboratory and for studying the associated propagation effects. To illustrate this application, the propagation of the laser generated shock waves over a series of different hard, rough surfaces has been investigated. The results show the distinctive influences of ground roughness on the propagation of the shock wave. 相似文献
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首先利用高速摄影和压力传感器测量的方法, 对曲面反射式水下强声波脉冲的传播和聚焦过程进行了实验研究.实验研究发现, 椭球面反射罩在起到汇聚声能的作用的同时也将使得强声波脉冲在传播过程中形成负压区, 并由此而引发近场声传播通道上空化气泡群的产生. 在实验结果的基础上, 进一步利用基于Kirchhoff衍射定理的声传播模型和大振幅条件下的QX气泡运动方程, 对强声波脉冲负压区的形成原因及空化气泡的运动过程进行了数值计算和分析. 研究结果表明, 在焦前区, 源于反射罩内表面的"尾波"和出口处的"边缘波"在传播过程中将形成反射波中的负压区; 在焦后区, 源于反射罩顶点的"中心波"在传播过程中将形成反射波中的负压区. 在反射波作用下, 空化气泡体现出了"正压区受压缩并振荡, 负压区膨胀"的运动特点. 在反射波之后, 空化气泡将出现成长、坍缩和回弹等典型的物理过程. 研究结果对曲面反射式水下强声波传播物理规律的认识具有实际意义. 相似文献
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A. V. Bulanov I. G. Nagorny 《Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics》2014,78(2):160-163
Results from experimental investigations of acoustic emission from the optical breakdown zone in liquid formed by laser radiation at a wavelength of 532 nm are presented. The linear dependence of the acoustic pressure on the laser pulse energy is revealed. It is shown that the effect of an additional source of sound at a frequency of 37 kHz enhances the acoustic emission from the optical breakdown zone. 相似文献
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针对激光烧蚀半导体材料Ge初期的特点,建立了1维的热传导和流体动力学模型。对波长为248 nm、脉宽为17 ns、峰值功率密度为4×108 W/cm2的KrF脉冲激光在133.32 Pa氦气环境下烧蚀Ge产生等离子体的特性进行了数值模拟。结果表明:单个激光脉冲对靶的烧蚀深度达到55 nm,蒸气膨胀前端由于压缩背景气体产生压缩冲击波, 波前的速度最大,温度很高。从不同时刻的电离率分布图中得出,在靶面附近区域,Ge的1阶电离始终占优势;在中心区域,脉冲作用时间内,Ge的2阶电离率比1阶电离率大,脉冲结束后,Ge的2阶电离率下降,1阶电离率逐渐变大。 相似文献
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Narrow band laser-generated surface acoustic waves using a formed source in the ablative regime 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Kenderian S Djordjevic BB Green RE 《The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America》2003,113(1):261-266
A narrow band laser-generated acoustic signal was created using a 4-element lenticular array. This arrangement of the array produces an acoustical signal with frequency content that is compatible with the response of a noncontact and remote broadband receiver, such as a capacitive air-coupled transducer. To support the experimental observations, a simplified concept is presented to explain the effect of a line array source on the frequency content of a surface acoustic wave. The analytical model solution for the wave front shape is derived from the point load solution of Lamb's problem that represents the displacement of a surface acoustic wave generated by an ablative line array. The distribution function, which was used for the model to represent the laser light energy, was tailored to depict the actual energy distribution that illuminates the lenticular array. Filtering functions are applied to the resultant surface displacement function to retain frequencies similar to those detected by the broadband 50 kHz-2.25 MHz receiver. The theoretical model showed good agreement with experimental results. 相似文献
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Photomechanical damage in absorbing regions or particles surrounded by a non-absorbing medium is investigated experimentally
and theoretically. The damage mechanism is based on the generation of thermoelastic pressure by absorption of pulsed laser
radiation under conditions of stress confinement. Principles of photoacoustic sound generation predict that the acoustic wave
generated in a finite-size absorbing region must contain both compressive and tensile stresses. Time-resolved imaging experiments
were performed to examine whether the tensile stress causes cavitation in absorbers of spherical or cylindrical shape. The
samples were absorbing water droplets and gelatin cylinders suspended in oil. They were irradiated with 6-ns-long pulses from
an optical parametric oscillator. Photoacoustic cavitation was observed near the center of the absorbers, even if the estimated
temperature caused by absorption of the laser pulse did not exceed the boiling point. The experimental findings are supported
by theoretical simulations that reveal strong tensile stress in the interior of the absorbers, near the center of symmetry.
Tensile stress amplitudes depend on the shape of the absorber, the laser pulse duration, and the ratio of absorber size to
optical absorption length. The photoacoustic damage mechanism has implications for the interaction of ns and sub-nslaser pulses
with pigmented structures in biological tissue.
Received: 9 October 1998 / Accepted: 5 January 1999 / Published online: 31 March 1999 相似文献