排序方式: 共有53条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
六价铬Cr(Ⅵ)是废水中常见的重金属污染物,广泛应用于电镀、皮革制造、金属表面处理、纺织制造等领域.传统的处理方法有吸附、超滤、反渗透和凝固等.但是,这些方法均具有一定的缺陷,比如膜污染、高功耗、高运行和维护成本.Cr(Ⅲ)有较低毒性且易在水溶液中沉淀形成Cr(OH)_3,因此,将Cr(Ⅵ)还原为Cr(Ⅲ)被认为是一种有效去除Cr(Ⅵ)的策略.近年来,半导体光催化技术广受关注,被用于去除有毒污染物、还原二氧化碳和分解水,并在光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)领域取得一系列进展.但是,探索开发可见光响应的高效光催化剂仍是挑战.三元金属硫属元素化合物半导体具有独特的光电特性和催化活性,备受关注.尤其是窄带Znln_2S_4被认为是一种有潜力的可见光催化剂.但是,由于其较窄的光响应范围以及光生载流子短的寿命,使得它的催化活性很低.研究表明,控制形貌、掺杂贵金属和构筑异质结复合物能够提高Znln_2S_4的光催化活性.不幸的是,有关Znln_2S_4在光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)中的应用还鲜有报道.本文通过构筑花状微球Znln_2S_4和碳量子点(CQDs)异质结,合成Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物,获得高效光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)活性的复合光催化剂.扫描电子显微镜和高分辨投射电子显微镜结果显示, Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物是由花瓣自组装的花状微球结构, CQDs分散在Znln_2S_4花瓣上,形成很好的界面接触,有利于光催化过程的进行.紫外可见吸收光谱结果表明, Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物在可见光区域展现了很好的吸收.随着CQDs含量的增加, Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物的光吸收能力增加,有利于提高其催化活性.电化学阻抗谱、光电流响应曲线和原位电子顺磁共振谱结果表明, CQDs可以作为电子受体材料,促进光生载流子的转移,抑制其复合,从而延长光生载流子的寿命.通过光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)的实验发现,与纯Znln_2S_4相比, Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物具有增强的光催化活性,并且与CQDs的掺杂比例有关.在可见光照射40 min后,当CQDs的掺杂比例为0.5 wt%时, Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物对Cr(Ⅵ)的还原率达到93%.Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物优异的催化活性归因于其优异的光吸收,良好的界面电荷转移,和CQDs的下转换特性.另外,光催化还原Cr(Ⅵ)实验被循环3次后发现, Cr(Ⅵ)的还原率没有明显降低.同时, X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜和光电子能谱结果表明,催化反应之后的Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物的结构、形貌和组分均未发生变化,说明Znln_2S_4/CQDs复合物具有良好的稳定性.本工作以期为进一步设计具有理想功能的CQDs基复合材料提供有价值的信息. 相似文献
3.
用相对论力学考察两个小球的二维完全弹性碰撞过程.通过比较相对论力学与经典力学所得到结果的差异,显示了相对论力学的特性. 相似文献
4.
A novel all-fiber temperature-calibrated refractometer based on a compact fiber Bragg grating(FBG) single-multi-single(SMS)structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.The sensor head is composed of a FBG combined with a SMS structure,in which the middle multimode fiber(MMF)section is etched by a time-controlled hydrofluoric.The transmission dip of SMS is extremely sensitive to ambient refractive index(RI)variation,whereas the upstream FBG provides the necessary temperature information for RI calibration.All aforementioned functions are performed via a compact FBG-SMS structure not longer than 25 mm.The proposed sensing device provides a linear RI sensitivity over water or waterbased solutions(RI values near 1.33 at optical wavelengths for most biological and many environmental applications),and has temperature-calibration capability.Hence,the said refractometer is a good candidate for sensing in chemical and biological applications. 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Simulation of the Quasi-Monoenergetic Protons Generation by Parallel Laser Pulses Interaction with Foils 下载免费PDF全文
A new scheme of radiation pressure acceleration for generating high-quality protons by using two overlappingparallel laser pulses is proposed. Particle-in-cell simulation shows that the overlapping of two pulses with identical Caussian profiles in space and trapezoidal profiles in the time domain can result in a composite light pulse with a spatial profile suitable for stable acceleration of protons to high energies. At~2.46 × 10^21 W/cm^2 intensity of the combination light pulse, a quasi-monoenergetic proton beam with peak energy ,~200 MeV/nucleon, energy spread 〈15%, and divergency angle 〈4° is obtained, which is appropriate for tumor therapy. The proton beam quality can be controlled by adjusting the incidence points of two laser pulses. 相似文献