铊系超导体的额外氧缺陷研究

本文结合有效价键模型和原子对势的理论计算研究了Ｔｌ－１２２３超导相的Ｃｕ－Ｏ金字塔五配位上由于Ｆｅ掺杂所导致的额外氧效应。研究结果表明Ｆｅ掺杂原子占据Ｃｕ晶位后，将导致额外氧进入晶格而占据Ｃａ原子四方网络的间隙位置。     

电化学增氧La2CuO4＋δ（0〈δ〈0.12）的研究：Ⅲ.氧掺杂效率与超…

本研究了Ｌａ２ＣｕＯ４＋δ体系中额外氧的掺杂效率和低温下的超导相图。当氧一较低时，每个额外氧向铜氧面提供两个空穴；而当δ〉０．０３时，每增加一个氧则平均只提供１．３个空穴。在Ｌａ２ＣｕＯ４＋δ体系中首次发现了１５Ｋ反常现象，这种反常不是由晶体相变诱导的。     

电化学增氧La_2CuO_（4＋δ）（0＜δ＜0．12）的研究Ⅲ．氧掺杂效率与超导电性

本文研究了Ｌａ２ＣｕＯ４＋δ体系中额外氧的掺杂效率和低温下的超导相图．当氧含量较低时（δ＜０．０３），每个额外氧向铜氧面提供两个空穴；而当δ＞０．０３时，每增加一个氧则平均只提供１．３个空穴．在Ｌａ２ＣｕＯ４＋δ体系中首次发现了１５Ｋ反常现象，这种反常不是由晶体相变诱导的．     

n型透明导电薄膜CdIn2O4电学性质的研究和大面积制备的最佳条件

在Ar+O2₂气氛中，采用射频反应溅射Cd-In靶制备CdIn2₂O4₄ 薄膜.制得的薄膜经x射线衍射（XRD）检测为CdIn2₂O4₄和CdO相组成的多晶.从理论上分析了热 处理前后氧空位、掺杂点缺陷和富氧电子陷阱在影响膜的载流子浓度和电子散射中所起的重要作用.同时，对样品 进行Hall效应、Seebeck效应测试并得出不同载流子浓度下的迁移率、有效质量、弛豫时间以及它们之间的相互关系，特别强调     

高压增氧T′相铜氧化合物Eu_2CuO_(4+δ)低温反常磁性的研究

本文系统地研究了高氧压下合成的Ｔ′相铜氧化合物Ｅｕ２ＣｕＯ４＋δ样品的结构及磁性，发现了一个由氧掺杂引起位于２８Ｋ具有弱铁磁性特征的磁化率反常．我们的结果表明氧掺杂导致的弱铁磁性不能按稀土离子的尺度效应来解释，而可能是氧掺杂在ＣｕＯ２面形成的空穴非均匀聚集导致的局域畸变产生．本文还对Ｔ′相超导体的一些超导特性作了解释．     

Al局域替代La1.85Sr0.15CuO4中的Cu引起的电子结构变化

本用Ｒｅｃｕｒｓｉｏｎ方法研究Ａｌ局域替代Ｌａ１．８５Ｓｒ０．１５ＣｕＯ４中的Ｃｕ引起的电子结构变化。认为Ａｌ替代后使得ＣｕＯ２面空穴载流子浓度减少，这对超导电性有相当破坏作用；此外，因掺杂而诱导出的有效磁矩也对超导电性起部分破坏作用。     

氧空位对共掺型锐钛矿TiO2能带结构的影响

基于电子密度泛函理论计算,系统研究了氧空位对V-C(p型)、Cr-N(n型)、V-N和Cr-C(电中性)四种共掺型锐钛矿TiO₂的几何和电子结构的影响．结果表明在最稳定构型中氧空位处在与金属杂质原子相连的位置．由于氧空位的出现,共掺TiO₂禁带中一些未占据的杂质态被填充满电子,掺杂体系的导带带边位置几乎不变,这有利于减少光生载流子复合,且不影响光解水过程中的产氢反应,在厌氧条件下很容易在V-N共掺TiO₂中引入氧空位．     

ThO2的比热

ＴｈＯ₂的比热Ｃ_p是其它用作核反应堆燃料的锕系二氧化物例如ＵＯ₂ＰｕＯ₂等的Ｃ_p中的声子部分．它的精确确定有助于弄清其它因素对锕系二氧化物Ｃ_p的贡献．通过对ＴｈＯ₂的Ｃ_p的研究发展了一个可用于研究其它固体Ｃ_p的普遍方法．在这种方法里，对一种固体的三种不同性质的实验测量——比热、热膨胀和Ｄｅｂｙｅ-Ｗａｌｅｒ因子     

GdBa2Cu3O7—x超导体失氧与超导电性的关系：GdBa2Cu3o7—x淬火样品的EXAF …

本文采用ＥＸＡＦＳ方法了ＧｄＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－ｘ高Ｔｘ超导陶瓷在不同温度下淬火后各金属原子周围氧配位数及键长的变化,得出该１２３相超导体随淬火温度升高失氧的具体位置为Ｏ１及Ｏ４,Ｃｕ－Ｏ平面未被破坏。指出Ｃｕ－Ｏ链及Ｏ４在１２３相超导体中应具有重要作用。     

Bi系高Tc超导材料的核四极共振（NQR）研究

用标准固相反应法，我们制备了Ｂｉ１．６Ｐｂ０．４Ｓｒ２Ｃａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏｙ和Ｂｉ２ＣａＣｕ２Ｏｙ纯相样品，在液氮温度下测量了Ｃｕ－ＮＱＲ和Ｂ－ＮＱＲ静态谱，发现ＮＱＲ谱都为大宽包，Ｃｕ－ＮＱＲ谱线位置反映铜原子所处的氧环境，Ｂｉ２Ｓｒ２Ｃｕ２Ｏｙ的ＮＱＲ谱宽反映其调制结构，Ｂｉ１．６Ｐｂ０．４Ｓｒ２Ｃａ２Ｃｕ３ＯｙＮＱＲ谱宽取决于其掺杂浓度。由于电场梯度弥散很大，Ｂｉ－ＮＱＲ谱很难观察。     

YBa2Cu1-xCox(Cu1-yZny)2Oz体系的Co,Zn共同掺杂效应

本文报道通过对YBa₂Cu_1-xCo_x(Cu_1-yZn_y)₂O_z(0≤x,y≤0.1)体系晶体结构、氧含量、正常态电阻-温度关系、Hall效应以及超导临界温度等的综合测量,发现随着Co和Zn含量的增加,体系经历了从正交结构的超导金属向四方结构的非超导半导体的转变,超导临界温度T_c和载流子浓度n_h均迅速下降,Co 关键词：     

Neutron powder diffraction and superconductivity in Ca substituted Bi-0212

In the system Bi-0212 the carrier concentration can be changed by both cation substitution and oxygen content. The crystal structure of Ca substituted material was refined from neutron powder diffraction data for Bi_0.5Sr_1.5Ca_0.5Y_0.5Cu_1.5Fe_0.5O_y. It is shown that extra oxygen is introduced in the cation layers between the double sheets of Cu/O pyramids. In superconducting material the familar dependence ofT _c on the hole carrier concentration is observed. The higherT _c is situated at 75 K.     

Neutron powder diffraction and superconductivity in Ca substituted Bi-0212

In the system Bi-0212 the carrier concentration can be changed by both cation substitution and oxygen content. The crystal structure of Ca substituted material was refined from neutron powder diffraction data for Bi_0.5Sr_1.5Ca_0.5Y_0.5Cu_1.5Fe_0.5O_y. It is shown that extra oxygen is introduced in the cation layers between the double sheets of Cu/O pyramids. In superconducting material the familar dependence ofT _c on the hole carrier concentration is observed. The higherT _c is situated at 75 K.     

Relationship between chemical bond parameters and superconducting temperature in HgBa2Can−1CunO2n+2+δ (n=1, 2, 3, 4)

Bond covalency and valence of elements in HgBa₂Ca_n−1Cu_nO_2n+2+δ (n=1, 2, 3, 4) were calculated and their relationship with T_c was discussed. For both oxygen and argon annealed samples, the results indicated that with the increase of n, the trend of bond covalency of Hg-O and Cu-O was the same or opposite compared with that of superconducting temperature. This may suggest that the magnitudes of Cu-O and Hg-O bond covalency are important in governing the superconducting temperature. For the highest T_c sample, Hg had the lowest valence, implying that lower valence of Hg was preferred in order to produce higher T_c. For fixed n, the valence of Cu in oxygen annealed samples was larger than that in argon annealed samples, indicating that oxygen annealed samples produced more carriers than argon annealed samples.     

在H2气氛中Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ的热处理效应

对高品质单相多晶Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ样品作真空或H₂气氛中不同温度下的热处理。由X射线结构分析,其正常态和超导态性质(特别是载流子浓度)的系统测量结果表明:Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂0_8+δ样品在H₂气氛中热处理,其氧的释放可分为两个阶段:一是Bi-O层之间的过量氧原子的逸出,降低系统的载流子浓度,从而调节T_c;二是CuO₂面内氧原子的迁移,产生氧空位,使CuO₂面内Cu²⁺的短程二维反铁磁(2D-AFM)有序背景遭到破坏。可以认为:以往文献中报道的Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ超导体的吸氢效应导致T_c的变化,很可能主要的并不是氢原子的电子掺杂行为,而是与吸氢过程中氧含量的变化相联系。 关键词：     

Conductivity anomalies in Y–Ba–Cu–O at 40K and 100K under high quasihydrostatic pressures

Electrical resistance measurements at low temperatures and high quasihydrostatic pressures on superconducting and non-superconducting varieties of Y_0.8Ba_1.2Cu₂O₅ (obtained by annealing in oxygen and air respectively) show striking anomalies in the vicinity of 100K and 40K. Arguments are presented to show that these anomalies as also the occurrence of T 's in the oxide superconductors either in the vicinity of 100K or of 40K are connected with their layered structure containing planes of Cu-O otahedral complexes.     

Sc替代Y-Ba-Cu-O(123)系统的Cu位对该系统电子结构的影响

本文计算了高温超导材料YBa₂Cu₂ScO₇的电子结构。对于Sc替代Cu1和Cu2晶位的两种情况都进行了研究。后者对Cu-O二维面的电子结构的影响较大,有可能破坏高温超导性。但计算表明,替代Cu1晶位的可能性要大一些。本文结果显示,Sc的成键分波轨道与其余四个3d轨道的交迭分裂约为4eV,据此可用近红外荧光实验判定在Sc-Y-Ba-Cu-O高温超导材料中,Sc究竟是替代Y晶位还是Cu晶位。 关键词：     

1D-ACAR Spectra of YBa2－xSrxCu3Oy

The measurements of one-dimensional angular correlation of positron annihilation radiation (1D-ACAR) spectra,superconducting critical temperature,lattice parameters and oxygen contents have been made on YBa_2－xSr_xCu₃O_y high temperature supercnductor system.It was found that the substitution of Sr for Ba weakens the orthorhombic symmery,suppresses T_C,hardly changes oxygen content and does not disturb the electronic structure of Cu-O chains.Based on the above results.the authors propose that the localized electronic structure of Cu-O plane is a dominating factor for high temperature superconductivity in 1:2:3 phase superconductors.     

Temperature dependent local Cu-O displacements from underdoped to overdoped La-Sr-Cu-O superconductor

We have studied doping evolution of the temperature dependent local Cu-O displacements in the La_2-x Sr _x CuO₄ superconductor by polarized Cu K-edge extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) measurements. While temperature dependent Debye-Waller factor of the Cu-O bonds, measuring the local Cu-O displacements, shows an anomalous increase at low temperature for the underdoped single crystals, we do not find such a dependence for the case of the overdoped system. The results, which are discussed in the light of recent angle resolved photoemission measurements, provide an evidence for some important correlation between the doping dependent electron-lattice interaction, the charge inhomogeneities and the local Cu-O displacements in the copper oxide superconductors.Received: 9 July 2003, Published online: 19 November 2003PACS: 74.72.Dn La-based cuprates - 61.10.Ht X-ray absorption spectroscopy: EXAFS, NEXAFS, XANES, etc. - 74.81.-g Inhomogeneous superconductors and superconducting systems