超核Λ5He的核结构研究及其结合能计算

对超核Λ5He的核结构及其对Λ超子结合能BΛ的影响进行了系统的研究.考察了其壳心核4He的极化效应,计算了当⁴He中含有D态混合成分时对结合能B_Λ的贡献.结果表明,壳心核受到Λ超子相互作用的严重极化,不再具有自由α粒子的结构;D态成分的贡献仅改善B_Λ的计算值约0.5MeV.进一步考察了可能的三集团结构,发现对Λ+d+d三集团模型,计算所得B_Λ值比较接近实验值,表明它有一定的合理性.要得到肯定的结论,有待进一步的研究.     

超导材料NbS2上临界磁场的理论分析

根据两带Ginzburg-Landau 理论计算了层状超导材料NbS₂的上临界磁场, 以及上临界磁场各向异性参数随温度的变化情况, 并将NbS₂与MgB₂, NbSe₂上临界磁场的各向异性进行比较. 所得计算结果与已有实验数据符合得很好, 充分说明了NbS₂的超导电性具有两能隙特征. NbS₂上临界磁场各向异性参数在5.0 K附近逐渐变小, 这与MgB₂和NbSe₂有相似之处. 但NbS₂的上临界磁场各向异性参数大约为7.3, 明显大于MgB₂和NbSe₂. 计算结果还表明, NbS₂较大能隙所对应能带的有效质量比约为54, 另一能带的有效质量基本为各向同性.     

奇异介子光生反应的QCD描述

从低能QCD有效拉氏量出发,利用重子夸克结构的[SU_SF(6)⊙O(3)]_sym.⊙SU_c(3)波函数,研究了在核子上的奇异介子光生反应.计算了γ+p→K⁺+Λ反应的微分截面.结果表明:与传统唯象的强子理论相比,仅有一个自由参数(即强相互作用耦合常数)的QCD理论成功地描述了反应过程,很好地解释了实验结果.     

对关联对于Pb208附近α衰变的影响——α约化宽度的绝对值的计算

本文利用BCS波函数及投影波函数计算了₈₄Po的偶-偶同位素及₈₅At的奇-偶同位素的α约化宽度γ_α²的绝对值。文中仔细研究γ_α²的绝对值及相对趋势和参数b,R₀,G的关系;b为谐振子势阱参数,R₀为道半径,G为对关联相互作用常数。计算结果的分析表明:(1)对关联有利于α的形成,它可以使α约化宽度的绝对值增加一个数量级,且可以使相对趋势与实验符合得更好。(2)BCS波函数的粒子数不守恒的缺点,对于满壳外粒子数不多的核的α衰变来说相当严重。用了粒子数守恒的投影波函数,绝对值可以增加1—2倍,且可以使相对趋势变好。(3)考虑了阻塞效应后,宽度约减小10％,使奇A核的阻碍因子的理论值和实验值一致。(4)绝对值对参数的选择很敏感,而相对趋势对参数则不太敏感,要使理论的绝对值接近实验值,必须取R₀在8f以内。     

Ⅲ-V族化合物半导体Λ轴光学声子形变势的研究

本文在LMTO-ASA能带计算中,采用冻结声子模型,系统地研究了Ⅲ-V族化合物半导体的Λ轴光学声子形变势随k值的变化关系,提供了9种Ⅲ-V族化合物在Λ轴不同k值情况下的光学声子形变势d₃₀(Λ), d₁₀(Λ,val)和d₁₀(Λ,con)的第一原理计算结果。     

纤锌矿BeO掺Cd的电子结构与能带特性研究

采用基于密度泛函理论平面波赝势方法, 对纤锌矿BeO掺Cd的Be_1-xCd_xO合金进行电子结构与能带特性研究. 结果表明: Be_1-xCd_xO的价带顶始终由O 2p电子态决定, 而导带底由Be 2s和Cd 5s的电子态决定.随着Be_1-xCd_xO合金的Cd掺杂量增加, Cd 4d与O 2p的排斥效应逐渐加强, 同时Be_1-xCd_xO的带隙逐渐变小, 出现"直接-间接-直接"的带隙转变. 为了使理论值与实验值相一致, 对Be_1-xCd_xO带隙进行修正, 并分析了纤锌矿BeO-ZnO-CdO三元合金的带隙和弯曲系数与晶格常数的关系.     

碘与铯同位素高自旋带结构的区别

理论上指出由于在单粒子能级图上,扁椭球和长椭球的两侧均存在下降轨道,因此Z=52－56原子核会有低位的扁椭球转动带.最近对碘和铯同位素的高自旋带结构进行了仔细的实验研究,发现碘同位素中除有长椭球转动带外,确有质子h_11/2、g_7/2和d_5/2组态的扁椭球转动带.但是在铯同位素中,迄今都只发现长椭球转动带,而未发现扁椭球转动带.利用新调整过的Nilsson参数,进一步作了计算.结果表明,对于扁椭球形状,碘同位素的壳修正能及自洽对关联的绝对值均大于铯同位素的;而且碘同位素与铯同位素比较,带头扁椭球与长椭球能量差,也更有利于扁椭球形变.这一切结果均密切联系于单粒子能级图上存在一个扁椭球质子54能隙的事实.     

关于Pt偶同位素的h9/2质子对

本文对于Pt偶同位素中的h_9/2质子对的排列现象作了比较系统的计算和讨论.结果表明,如用改善的Nilsson参数κ、μ,给出的h_9/2的排列频率与νi_13/2排列频率的差值Δhω_c=hω_c(πh_9/2)－hω_c(νi_13/2)对于78¹⁸⁴Pt106核具有最小值,约为75keV.这和最近实验上确定的¹⁸⁴Pt核转晕带上出现的大的上弯现象,是由于νi_13/2和πh_9/2两个排列频率非常靠近的结果一致.而运用Nilsson的标准κ、μ则不能给出这一结果.这两个排列的先后次序仍是值得深入研究的问题.对于相邻Pt偶同位素的πh_9/2排列频率的理论预言,期待着实验数据的检验.     

Mg,Si和S同位素链的壳反常

采用考虑轴向形变的相对论平均场理论,以双中子、双质子分离能隙δ_2n/δ_2p作为壳封闭的特征,分析了Mg,Si和S同位素链的壳封闭和壳反常,发现Mg同位素链在N=12,16处,Si同位素链在N=14,S同位素链在N?=16处出现明显的壳封闭结构,Si同位素链在N=28处壳层结构并没有消失.Mg,Si和S同位素链在N=20处壳效应并不太明显.     

超核激发态的对称性分类

我们把维格纳处理超级多重态的方法,推广用来研究超核激发态的能谱。给出了近似不破坏SU₆=SU₃?SU₂分类的两体相互作用普遍形式,并利用现有的散射实验数据定出了其中的系数。导出了在SU₆分类下,计算能量矩阵元的公式。并以⁹_ΛBe^*,¹⁰_ΛBe^*和¹⁰_ΛΛBe^*为例,进行了具体计算。理论上计算的⁹_ΛBe^*的能量与实验定性符合。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.