痕量铁(Ⅲ)的催化光度法测定及动力学机制研究

在0.30 mol·L-1盐酸中,铁(Ⅲ)显著催化过硫酸钾氧化甲基红的褪色反应,据此建立了测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)的“Fe(Ⅲ)-盐酸-过硫酸钾-甲基红”新体系,研究了该体系测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)的最佳条件,考察了共存离子对测定的影响,分析了测定反应的动力学参数及方程,并利用动力学性质探讨了测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)的反应机理,从而构建了一种测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)的新催化动力学光度法。研究表明,在最大吸收波长518 nm以及最佳测定条件下,该体系中甲基红的浓度变化与铁(Ⅲ)含量呈以下良好线性关系：ln(A₀/A)=1.334 1+0.001 0,相关系数为0.999 1;痕量铁(Ⅲ)发生一级反应,该测定体系符合准一级反应特征且反应的表观活化能为69.88 kJ·mol-1;反应机理的研究进一步证明了该体系中痕量铁(Ⅲ)起催化作用;该痕量铁(Ⅲ)的测定方法操作简便,所用试剂廉价易得,目前还未见报道,其灵敏度优于普通光度法,检出限达0.005 mg·L-1。该方法应用于实测水样和食品中痕量铁(Ⅲ),相对标准偏差为1.18%～2.11%,平均回收率为98.0%～104.0%。该测定体系稳定,结果满意。     

活化剂存在下H2O2氧化间乙酰基偶氮氯膦催化光度法测定痕量铁(Ⅲ)

基于HAc-NaAc(pH 3.0)缓冲介质中,邻菲罗啉对Fe(Ⅲ)催化过氧化氢氧化间乙酰基偶氮氯膦褪色反应的活化作用,建立了催化光度法测定痕量铁的新反应体系.当有邻菲罗啉存在时Fe(Ⅲ)才对褪色反应起显著催化作用,对于10mL溶液测定铁的线性范围0.0008-1.0μg,回归方程△A=0.427C-0.00092,r=0.9997,检出限为2.4×10-11g·mL-1,反应表观活化能127.9kJ·mol-1.应用于蒙药样品中痕量铁的测定,取得了满意的结果.     

能谱法和催化光度法测定无机纤维中铁含量的比较研究

本文研究了铁(Ⅲ)在酸性介质中催化抗坏血酸(Vc或H2A)还原4-硝基-3’-甲基-氨基偶氮苯的褪色反应,拟定了反应的最佳条件,探讨了反应机理,建立了催化动力学测定痕量铁的新方法,该方法的检出限为2.98×10~(-11)g·mL-1,线性范围为0-200 ng·(25 mL)-1。比较了X射线能量色散谱法和催化光度法在玄武岩纤维样品中铁含量的测定,结果误差为2.89％。     

过氧化氢-邻氨基酚体系催化显色分光光度法测定痕量铁

在乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液(pH=5.6)介质中.Fe(Ⅲ)催化H2O2氧化邻氨基酚显色,建立了催化显色分光光度法测定痕量铁的新方法.在冰水浴中反应10min,Fe(Ⅲ)线性范围为0-1.2μg/mL,回归方程为△4=0.4923C+0.0258,摩尔吸光系数为2.9×104L·mol-1·cm-1.方法用于广西东兰县产墨...     

锌试剂—Fe（Ⅲ）—H2O2催化体系测定痕量铁的研究

在pH=4.74的HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,以1,10-菲罗啉为活化剂。Fe(Ⅲ)产生强烈的催化过氧化氢氧化锌试剂的反应,由此建立了测定痕量铁的高灵敏催化光度法,考查了反应的条件,测定了动力学参数,确立了动力学方程,探讨了反应机理。方法检出限为2.2×10－11g/mL,测定范围为0.0—2.0ng/mL。该方法用于一次蒸馏水、分析纯氯化钠和分析纯盐酸中痕量铁的测定,结果令人满意。     

催化动力学分光光度法测定痕量Fe（Ⅲ）的研究

在HAc-NaAc缓冲溶液中,利用Fe（Ⅲ）对过氧化氢氧化亚甲基蓝褪色的催化行为建立了测定痕量铁的催化动力学分析法。该体系测量痕量Fe（Ⅲ）方法的线性范围为0—20μg.L-1,检出限为3.49×10-6g.L-1。用于水样中痕量Fe（Ⅲ）的测定,结果令人满意。     

催化动力学光度法测定抗癌中草药中痕量硒Ⅰ.溴酸钾—罗丹明B体系

研究了硝酸介质中痕量硒(Ⅳ)催化溴酸钾氧化罗丹明B的褪色反应及动力学条件, 建立了动力学光度法测定痕量硒(Ⅳ)的新方法, 其灵敏度为0.905 μg·L-1, 测定范围0～9.6 μg·L-1。用于测定抗癌中草药中的硒(Ⅳ), 获得了满意的结果。     

催化动力学褪色光度法测定痕量铜（Ⅱ）的研究

研究了在盐酸介质中 ,铜 (Ⅱ )催化过氧化氢氧化孔雀绿褪色反应的适宜条件与影响因素 ,建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量铜的新方法。该方法是用固定时间法在 6 15nm波长处监测催化反应。方法的线性范围为 0～ 2 2 μg·L- 1 ,检出限为 1 92× 10 - 9g·mL- 1 ,该催化反应对铜 (Ⅱ )为一级反应 ,表观活化能为12 2 3kJ·mol- 1 ,表观反应速率常数为 7 70× 10 - 4s- 1 。因为Fe3 干扰Cu(Ⅱ )的测定 ,用PO3-4与Fe3 生成稳定的 [Fe(PO4 ) 2 ]3- 络合物 ,可掩蔽Fe3 。方法相对标准偏差为 1 16 % ,标准加入回收率为 98 3%～10 0 3%。该方法用于水样品、茶叶样品、奶粉样品以及苹果样品中铜的测定 ,获满意结果     

催化动力学褪色光度法测定痕量铜(Ⅱ)研究

研究了在盐酸介质中, 铜(Ⅱ)催化过氧化氢氧化孔雀绿褪色反应的适宜条件与影响因素, 建立了催化动力学光度法测定痕量铜的新方法. 该方法是用固定时间法在615 nm波长处监测催化反应. 方法的线性范围为0～22 μg·L-1, 检出限为1.92×10-9 g·mL-1, 该催化反应对铜(Ⅱ)为一级反应, 表观活化能为122.3 kJ·mol-1, 表观反应速率常数为7.70×10-4 s-1. 因为Fe3+干扰Cu(Ⅱ)的测定, 用PO3-4与Fe3+生成稳定的[Fe(PO4)2]3-络合物, 可掩蔽Fe3+. 方法相对标准偏差为1.16%, 标准加入回收率为98.3%～100.3%. 该方法用于水样品、茶叶样品、奶粉样品以及苹果样品中铜的测定, 获满意结果.     

催化动力学分光光度法测定痕量钴(Ⅱ)

研究了在NaOH介质中,痕量Co(Ⅰ)对H2O2氧化5'-硝基水杨基荧光酮的褪色反应具有显著的催化作用,据此建立了催化动力学分光光度法测定Co(Ⅰ)的新方法.方法的线性范围为0-6μg·L-1,检出限为6.7×10-9g·mL-1,相对标准偏差为1.73％-2.15％,回收率为98.0％-99.8％.方法应用于测定维生素B12中痕量钴时,结果满意.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.