“声表面波信道化滤波器组件”通过鉴定

由中国科学院声学研究所承担的院“八五”军工项目“声表面波信道化滤波器组件”于1996年12月在北京通过了中国科学院组织的鉴定．在现代战争中，电子对抗是一个重要的方面军．电子侦察信道化接收机是所有电子对抗系统的关键．声表面波信道化滤波器组件是由多个声表面波滤波器加上匹配网络组合起来的，有一个输人端和多个输出端．输出信号按频率分路，是信道化接收机中实现信道化功能的关键部件．声学所承担院句＼五”军工项目．研制成频率范围分别为200－350MHZ和350一5O0MHZ两种15信道的声表面波滤波器组件．配套使用时复盖带宽达到300MHZ．在研制过程中，技术上有以下突破：（）采用YllZ”LITaO；基片     

利用锥型换能器的宽带低损耗声表面波滤波器设计

分析锥型换能器的基本原则是把换能器沿孔径方向划分成足够多的通道来进行近似,设计制作的关键是加权技术和数据处理技巧。由于SPUDT的特性,把EWC型的SPUDT引入到锥型换能器对制作宽带、低损耗器件是十分有用的;我们在Y128°LN基片上采用一般型和SPUDT型锥型换能器制作了相对带宽约15%的声表面波滤波器,一个换能器采用“块加权”,另一个换能器采用抽指加权。文中给出了两种器件的实验结果,SPUDT型声表面波滤波器的插损仅7.5dB。     

高频超声换能器的阻抗匹配研究

本文介绍了用于声学显微镜中超声换能器的阻抗匹配方法．由三个电感构成的T型结构被选作匹配网络，通过理论计算和实验调试得到了良好的匹配效果．文章的最后给出了实际的匹配结果．     

声表面波低插入损耗滤波器的研制(Ⅰ)──控制电极宽度单相单向换器

概述了控制电极宽度单相单向换能错的工作原理和设计方法；讨论了声波单向辐射的方向与柳条反射系数相位之间的关系；给出了作者在ST石英、Y112°LiTaO3和Y128°LiNbO3基片上研制的两种无线通信用中频滤波器和作无绳电话双工器使用的两种滤波器的实验结果．插入损耗分别为4．6dB、3．5dB和3dB；相对带宽分别为0．60％、0．75％和1．4％；阻带抑制均大于50dB．     

磁致伸缩超声换能器阻抗匹配网络的设计*

根据磁致伸缩超声换能器的等效电路模型和阻抗匹配理论,该文设计了一种优化的型匹配网络。该网络具有调谐、变阻和滤波的功能,适用于工作在中低频超声频率范围内的磁致伸缩超声换能器系统的阻抗匹配。仿真和实验结果表明:接入该型阻抗匹配网络后,驱动电源与换能器之间实现了最大功率传输,换能器两端电信号的波形质量得到优化,换能器激励电流提升了40%。该研究可为大功率磁致伸缩超声换能器的应用提供技术支持。     

叉指换能器的抽指加权

抽指加权避免了切趾加权的末端效应和衍射效应,所以可以从理论上预计出准确的结果,并能进行双加权,但它只能适用于带宽较窄的器件。本文为抽指加权给出了数学表达式,提出了用不着近邻效应修正和相位修正的设计方法,使设计和工艺都大为简化,并且实验上容易保证预期的结果。由于注意到了抽指加权应满足的条件,并用计算机选出最佳的设计方案,本文所设计的滤波器可以超过前人用抽指方法所达到的带宽。本文编制出抽指加权的计算机程序,对辛克函数凯塞窗口加权换能器和海明加权换能器设计出3dB带宽达2—8％的带通滤波器,实验与理论结果基本一致。     

无调谐低插入损失表面漏波滤波器

本文选择了合理的铌酸锂切割方向,并利用了新型多条耦合反射器结构,实现了无调谐低插入损失表面漏波滤波器,它的最小插入损失仅仅3dB,最佳相对带宽大约2％—5％之间,阻带抑制为23dB。如两个换能器采用加权形式,阻带抑制可提高到40dB以上。     

高亮度大功率InGaAIP红光LED芯片研制

报道了大功率高亮度InGaAIP红光LED芯片的设计和工艺制备,实验芯片采用环形插指状电极。和传统的LED芯片相比较,环形插指状电极LED芯片电流扩展分布更均匀,而且更有利于与其它器件的集成。对制备好的芯片进行了I-V特性、光谱特性、光通量和光强的测量。芯片的电性能非常好,其开启电压VT为1．5V;当工作电压达到3V时,工作电流为500mA;在工作电流为350mA时,峰值波长为635nm,半峰全宽为16．4nm。光强为830mcd。在色度学测试中,色坐标为x=0．6943,y=0．3056,显色指数为18．4。因此可以得知高亮度大功率InGaAIP红光LED是未来LED作为普通照明光源应用的第一步,而且将会在科学研究和工业投资的很多应用领域中成为新的焦点。     

宽带多层换能器

为了提高医学超声、无损检测用换能器的频带宽度,目前普遍采用重背衬吸声块及前匹配层技术。一般来说,前匹配层是无压电性的,只起阻抗匹配的作用。 J.A.Hossack和B.A.Auld报道了一种宽带多层换能器,这种换能器的结构与普通具有前匹配层的换能器基本相同,其差别是用压电材料作前匹配层,并且在前匹配层上加激励电压,成为具有两层或两层以     

175kHz高频空气超声换能器研制及其特性测量

本文报道了一种用于复杂空气旋涡场参量测量的高频空气超声换能器．在用超声-激光方法研究流场时，它是关键的换能元件。该换能器工作频率为175kHz。由于采用了管状压电元件及特制的伞状反射器，该换能器具有优越的指向性（士2．5°）     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.