二维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中孤立波的调制不稳定性

研究了盘状势阱中二维玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)的孤立波. 在平均场理论下, 由BEC所满足的Gross-Pitaevkii方程出发导出了二维BEC所满足的非线性Schrödinger方程. 从该方程出发, 研究单组分常振幅二维BEC(单组分常振幅 BEC)的调制不稳定性, 得到了该系统相应的增长率. 关键词： 孤子 不稳定性 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚     

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚在中国科学院上海光机所实现

文章报道了在稀薄87Rb原子气体中观测到的玻色 -爱因斯坦凝聚 (BEC)现象 .在四极矩和Ioffe组合磁阱 (QUIC)中装载了 1× 10 8个原子 ,经过 19s蒸发冷却达到了相变条件 .在高原子密度的情况下 ,文章作者观察到了BEC对探测光的衍射光环 .这时降低磁阱势垒和绝热的放开冷原子样品 ,我们拍摄到冷原子和BEC的吸收像 .根据数据拟合满足双高斯分布 ,表明发生了BEC相变 .相变温度约 2 15nK ,凝聚的原子数约为 5× 10 4 .     

光晶格中双组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚系统的调制不稳定性

利用线性稳定分析的方法,在不满足原子流相等的条件下,对光晶格中双组分玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚原子(BEC)系统的调制不稳定性区域与不同BEC组分的波长和不同的调制波长,以及两组分BEC间相互作用大小之间的关系进行了研究.结果显示,光晶格中双组分BEC系统的调制稳定性的区域在不满足原子流相等的条件下,随不同的波长,不同的调制和相互作用之间的大小会出现了较大的变化.相应结果可为实际应用中如何操控双组分BEC提供有用的信息.     

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体自囚禁现象的动力学相变及其量子纠缠特性

研究了量子涨落对自囚禁现象的影响.采用玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)两模模型进行研究，发现有限粒子BEC系统自囚禁现象的发生同样存在临界现象，但是由于量子涨落的影响使得这个临界现象变得模糊，并且粒子数越小量子涨落的影响越明显.为了更加明确地描述有限粒子系统的自囚禁现象，通过系统各态平均占有概率的熵(简称平均熵)和平均纠缠熵来刻画自囚禁现象，并讨论自囚禁现象发生前后系统的纠缠特性. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC) 自囚禁 纠缠熵     

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)实验及其最新进展

近年来,有关玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)的实验研究得到了快速发展,并取得了一系列重大的实验进展。本文重点介绍了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实验结果及其最新进展,主要包括具有正、负散射长度碱金属(7Li,23Na,41K,85Rb,87Rb和133Cs)原子BEC的实现,自旋极化1H原子、亚稳态4He原子和具有2个价电子的174Yb稀土原子BEC的实现,全光型BEC和微阱BEC乃至低维BEC的实现,甚至分子BEC和费米原子对的凝聚以及超冷BEC凝聚体的应用等。     

谐振势阱中旋转广义玻色系统的热力学性质

以非广延Tsallis统计理论为基础,导出了广义玻色-爱因斯坦统计分布表达式,并用其分别讨论了三维和二维谐振势阱约束的旋转广义玻色气体的热力学性质.结合系统粒子数、玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)临界温度、基态粒子占据率和比热等物理量的解析表达式,分析了非广延参数和势阱旋转频率等因素对系统热力学性质的影响.     

玻色—爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)实验及其最新进展

近年来,有关玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)的实验研究得到了快速发展,并取得了一系列重大的实验进展。本文重点介绍了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的实验结果及其最新进展,主要包括具有正、负散射长度碱金属(7Li,23Na,41K,85Rb,87Rb和133Cs)原子BEC的实现,自旋极化1H原子、亚稳态4He原子和具有2个价电子的174Yb稀土原子BEC的实现,全光型BEC和微阱BEC乃至低维BEC的实现,甚至分子BEC和费米原子对的凝聚以及超冷BEC凝聚体的应用等。     

谐振子势阱囚禁玻色气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚

基于Thomas-Fermi半经典近似方法研究了谐振子势阱约束下任意维理想玻色气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC)．导出了玻色气体的BEC转变温度、基态粒子占据比例、内能和热容量等物理量的解析表达式,讨论了空间维度和谐振子势阱的影响．以二维和三维玻色系统为例,数值计算了上述热力学量,并与解析结果进行了对比,二者获得了较好的吻合．     

双势阱玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体系的自俘获现象及其周期调制效应

研究了双势阱玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体系(BEC)的自俘获现象(self-trapping). 在平均场近似下通过相平面(phase space)分析的方法研究了两种自俘获的机理：1)势阱中的粒子数在平衡位置附近振动，而相对相位随时间单调变化(running-phase); 2) 势阱中的粒子数和相对相位都在平衡点附近振动. 研究了周期调制场对自俘获现象的影响，发现发生自俘获现象的相变参数能够被周期场非常有效的调制，从而在弱相互作用BEC体系中也可以观察到自俘获现象. 还研究了多体量子涨落对自俘获现象的影响，讨论了在现有的实验条件下对凝聚体自俘获现象进行观察和周期调制. 关键词： 玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚 自俘获 双势阱 周期调制     

谐振子势阱囚禁玻色气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚

基于Thomas-Fermi半经典近似研究了谐振子势阱约束下任意维理想玻色气体的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚(BEC).导出了玻色气体的BEC转变温度、基态粒子占据比例、内能和热容量等物理量的解析表达式,讨论了空间维度和谐振子势阱的影响.以二维和三维玻色系统为例,数值计算了上述热力学量,并与解析结果进行了对比,二者获得了较好的吻合.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.