Complete low-frequency bandgap in a two-dimensional phononic crystal with spindle-shaped inclusions

A two-dimensional phononic crystal(PC) structure possessing a relatively low frequency range of complete bandgap is presented. The structure is composed of periodic spindle-shaped plumbum inclusions in a rubber matrix which forms a square lattice. The dispersion relation, transmission spectrum and displacement field are studied using the finite element method in conjunction with the Bloch theorem. Numerical results show that the present PC structure can achieve a large complete bandgap in a relatively low frequency range compared with two inclusions of different materials, which is useful in low-frequency noise and vibration control and can be designed as a low frequency acoustic filter and waveguides. Moreover,the transmission spectrum and effective mass are evaluated to validate the obtained band structure. It is interesting to see that within the band gap the effective mass becomes negative, resulting in an imaginary wave speed and wave exponential attenuation. Finally, sensitivity analysis of the effect of geometrical parameters of the presented PC structure on the lowest bandgap is performed to investigate the variations of the bandgap width and frequency.     

新型二维压电声子晶体板带隙可调性研究

设计了一种由涂有硬质材料涂层的柱状压电散射体周期性连接在四个环氧树脂薄板上构成的具有大带宽的新型二维压电声子晶体板,并利用有限元方法计算了该声子晶体板的能带结构、传输损失谱和位移矢量场.研究表明：与二组元材料构成的传统声子晶体板相比,新设计的声子晶体板的第一完全带隙频率更低,并且带宽扩大了5倍;通过在压电体表面上施加不同的电边界条件,可以实现多条完全带隙的主动调控;压电效应对能带结构有很大的影响,并且有利于完全带隙的扩大与形成.基于带隙的可调谐性,分析了可切换路径的压电声子晶体板波导,结果表明可以通过改变电边界条件来限制弹性波能量流.     

调控电磁感应透明气体折射率实现可控光子带隙结构

提出了电磁感应透明(EIT)介质的一个新的相干操纵应用：控制电磁感应透明气体折射率实现可控光子带隙结构. 将一定密度的EIT原子气体充入以砷化钾为背景的椭圆孔柱中，计算表明该三角晶格排列椭圆柱光子晶体的光子带隙随外控制场而变. 通过调控自发辐射率、无辐射衰变率、控制光Rabi频率、原子数密度等外参数以及椭圆结构几何参数，在高频率区域得到了大小约0.0503ω_e(ω_e=2πc/a)的完全光子带隙.     

用于汽车低频振动控制的局域共振声子晶体*

低频振动的控制是评估汽车舒适性的重要指标。针对汽车板件结构的低频振动控制问题,提出了一种基于局域共振机理的新型准二维声子晶体板。其结构由单侧复合圆柱共振单元周期排布在基板上构成。通过有限元方法得到了该结构的带隙特性,并结合其振型和传输谱分析了低频完全带隙的形成机理。研究表明,不同形式的板振动模式与圆柱共振单元的局域共振模式相互耦合形成面内带隙与面外带隙,两者叠加形成完全带隙。进一步研究发现,通过改变结构的材料和尺寸参数可以将共振带隙调节到满足实际应用要求的极低频范围,可在低于100 Hz的频段形成完全带隙,并可在更宽的频带内抑制z方向振动的弯曲波,为声子晶体在车身板件减振中的实际应用提供了依据。     

Helmholtz腔与弹性振子耦合结构带隙

为提高Helmholtz型声子晶体低频隔声性能,设计了一种Helmholtz腔与弹性振子的耦合结构,通过声压场及固体振型对其带隙产生机理进行了详细分析,建立了相应的弹簧-振子系统等效模型,并采用理论计算和有限元计算两种方法研究了各结构参数对其带隙的影响情况.研究表明,该结构可等效为双自由度系统振动,在低频范围内具有两个带隙;在6 cm的尺寸下,其第一带隙下限可低至24.5 Hz,而同尺寸无弹性振子结构只能达到42.1 Hz,带隙下限降低了40%,较传统Helmholtz结构具有更为优良的低频隔声特性.另外,在框体尺寸一定的情况下,降低结构间距、增大开口空气通道长度及振子质量、增大左侧腔体体积等方式,是增大带隙宽度、提高低频隔声效果的主要手段.     

二维空心散射体声子晶体板的低频带隙特性及其形成机理

利用有限元方法,对设计的涂有硅橡胶包裹层的空心铅柱体嵌入到4个环氧树脂短连接板中构成的声子晶体板的低频带隙特性进行了研究,分析了其能带结构、传输损失及位移场。与正方连接板粘连结构、嵌入结构和细连接短板粘连结构这3种传统声子晶体板的带隙特性作对比,说明具有包裹层、短连接板结构的声子晶体板更容易产生低频宽带;观察位移矢量场的振动模态,并结合弹簧质量模型,解释了带隙形成的机理;通过讨论连接板的宽度、散射体的内外半径及高度对第一完全带隙的影响,说明连接板宽度越窄,厚度越小,散射体内半径越小,外半径越大,高度越高,越有利于带隙的扩展。      

0.22 THz二维电磁带隙波导和阵列天线设计

基于二维电磁带隙（EBG）结构,设计了工作在0.22 THz的直波导传输线和90弯波导传输线。数值模拟结果显示:直波导和弯波导的S21参数在0.22 THz处均大于10-5 dB,20 GHz模拟频带内的S21参数分别大于-0.001 dB和-0.003 5 dB。EBG结构很好地阻止了电磁波在电磁带隙内部的传播。基于EBG结构波导,设计了3 dB功分器和H面扇形喇叭阵列天线。数值模拟结果显示:功分器的S21参数在0.22 THz处为-3 dB,阵列天线方向性为17.1 dBi,具有较小的旁瓣和后瓣,E面和H面方向图均具有良好对称性。     

含内部连接体的二维声子晶体弹性波宽频带隙特性

声子晶体的弹性波带隙特性使得它在开发用于减振降噪的新型功能材料方面具有广阔应用前景。为获得宽频大带隙,改进了一种含连接体的正方晶格声子晶体结构.利用有限元法计算并分析了不同结构配置下其能带特性和振动模态。数值结果表明,单胞中同时引入新的质量块以及连接体将对原连接体的自由振动模态产生抑制作用,可在原分离的两带隙频率范围内获得相对带宽超过100%的单一宽频带隙。此外,通过调整几何尺寸、连接体数目、结构对称性等参数可进一步调控结构带隙特性。      

A new periodic structure composite material with quasi-phononic crystals

Phononic crystals (PCs) provide a new method for vibration insulation and noise reduction. PCs commonly have small bandgap width, and understanding how to expand this bandgap, including the ultra-low band gap, is crucial for applying PCs to vibration reduction in engineering structures. A new periodic structure composite material quasi-PCs is proposed and the high polymer concrete with quasi-PCs structure is conducted. Vibration measurements for the new periodic structure composite material demonstrate that quasi-PC behavior can open the ultra-low frequency band gap. The new periodic structure composite material can be used to reduce vibrations in engineering field.     

支撑介质对平面型电磁带隙结构带隙特性的影响

运用直线法对含有不同参数支撑介质的平面型电磁带隙（EBG）结构进行了分析.概述了算法的实现过程,使用周期边界条件隔离出一个结构单元作为计算区域,并利用直线法得到了位函数在各层介质界面间的传输方程.通过联立场分量与位函数的变换关系和界面处切向场分量的连续性条件,建立了本征方程, 得到了表征该EBG 结构表面波带隙的本征模频带图.同时,使用该方法对含有不同介电常数、不同厚度支撑介质的表面波带隙进行了计算.通过对计算结果的分析,得到了支撑介质对平面型EBG 结构带隙特性影响的六条结论,为平面型EBG 结构的设计 关键词： 超媒质 光子带隙 周期结构 表面波     

具有缺陷结构的三角形二维光子晶体结构参量对本征模的影响

通过有限元数值计算得到并图示了具有缺陷结构三角形二维光子晶体本征频率和介质柱半径、晶格常量以及介质柱介电常量之间的关系.利用这些关系可以在一定的范围内增大介质柱半径而相应减小介质柱介电常量,而本征频率基本保持不变.由于光子晶体结构参量的不同,本征模对应的电磁场在晶体中的分布也不同,图示了电场强度的大小在一些结构中的分布.由此可以掌握光子晶体结构参量对缺陷本征模的影响.     

Study of low-temperature ordering and crystal structure in FePtBi/Au nanocomposite films

We investigate the frequency behavior of a half-wave dipole antenna placed very close over a 2LC uni-planar compact electromagnetic bandgap (UC-EBG) structure. A very compact and high-gain antenna is realized at 1 GHz. The air distance between the dipole element and the UC-EBG surface is ∼λ ₀/100. We analyse the structure by using the optical model of Hansen, full-wave electromagnetic simulations (EM) and experimental characterizations. The analytical model of Hansen describes accurately the UC-EBG phase contribution to the total radiated field below 1 GHz. Above this frequency, the Hansen analytical model is in discrepancy with the measurements and full-wave simulations, which show split in the radiation patterns. We show that this phenomenon is induced by the power leakage of the fast-wave UC-EBG surface excited by the dipole source inside its leaky wave region. We propose an original model based on the Hansen optical analysis that takes into account the overall phenomena. The model includes the contribution of the weighted fields radiated by the cells of the UC-EBG. This model leads to very good agreements with measurements and full-wave simulations.     

Gap opening and tuning in single-layer graphene with combined electric and magnetic field modulation

The energy band structure of single-layer graphene under one-dimensional electric and magnetic field modulation is theoretically investigated. The criterion for bandgap opening at the Dirac point is analytically derived with a two-fold degeneracy second-order perturbation method. It is shown that a direct or an indirect bandgap semiconductor could be realized in a single-layer graphene under some specific configurations of the electric and magnetic field arrangement. Due to the bandgap generated in the single-layer graphene,the Klein tunneling observed in pristine graphene is completely suppressed.     

级联电磁带隙结构对双频微带天线互耦的影响

一种均匀面片尺寸的图钉型电磁带隙结构只能实现一个表面波带隙,而将不同参数的图钉型电磁带隙结构级联可以实现多个或宽带的表面波带隙。利用不同金属面片尺寸的图钉型电磁带隙结构级联的方法实现双带的表面波带隙。设计两种均匀的电磁带隙结构,使其带隙范围分别覆盖天线的两个工作频带,然后将这两种结构级联起来,加载于两个缝隙天线单元之间。仿真分析和实验结果表明,级联型的电磁带隙结构可以有效抑制表面波,在两个频率带内同时减小互耦。     

新型负模量声学超结构的低频宽带机理研究

提出了一种具有负模量特性的新型声学超结构,并揭示了其低频带隙的形成及拓宽机理.通过理论推导给出了该新型结构的归一化有效模量表达式,由于有效模量的零值点与系统参数密切相关,可以调节合适的参数使得零值点降低或带隙下界降低,进一步实现低频带隙.理论结果表明,在一定的频率范围内,系统的弹性模量为负且负模量区域进一步拓宽,从而通过负模量区域的放大而拓宽带隙.这种新的实现低频带隙的方法克服了传统局域共振附加质量过大及惯性放大结构带隙较窄的缺点.同时,通过有限元法得到的周期结构的传输率随着结构参数的变化趋势与理论分析的变化趋势基本一致,并得到了约40—180 Hz的低频宽带.这种实现低频带隙的新思路对低频声波的控制具有很重要的理论指导意义.     

A simple model for approximate bandgap structure calculation of all-solid photonic bandgap fibre based on an array of rings

A simple model for approximate bandgap structure calculation of all-solid photonic bandgap fibre based on an array of rings is proposed. In this model calculated are only the potential modes of a unit cell, which is a high-index ring in the low-index background for this fibre, rather than the whole cladding periodic structure based on Bloch＇s theorem to find the bandgap. Its accuracy is proved by comparing its results with the results obtained by using the accurate full-vector plane-wave method. High speed in computation is its great advantage over the other exact methods, because it only needs to find the roots of one-dimensional analytical expressions. And the results of this model, mode plots, offer an ideal environment to explore the basic properties of photonie bandgap clearly.     

A simple model for approximate bandgap structure calculation of all-solid photonic bandgap fibre based on an array of rings

A simple model for approximate bandgap structure calculation of all-solid photonic bandgap fibre based on an array of rings is proposed. In this model calculated are only the potential modes of a unit cell, which is a high-index ring in the low-index background for this fibre, rather than the whole cladding periodic structure based on Bloch's theorem to find the bandgap. Its accuracy is proved by comparing its results with the results obtained by using the accurate full-vector plane-wave method. High speed in computation is its great advantage over the other exact methods, because it only needs to find the roots of one-dimensional analytical expressions. And the results of this model, mode plots, offer an ideal environment to explore the basic properties of photonic bandgap clearly.     

石墨烯射频器件研究进展

石墨烯因具有优良的电学特性,在半导体行业中受到广泛关注,特别因其具有超薄的结构和极高的载流子迁移率,为解决短沟道效应提供了可能,并且在高速电子领域具有应用前景.近年来,使用石墨烯作为沟道材料制备射频晶体管及射频电路是发挥石墨烯材料优势的一个重要研究方向.制造高性能的射频器件,首先要制备出高性能的石墨烯材料.在金属衬底上沉积均匀的单层石墨烯材料或者在绝缘衬底上外延生长单层、双层石墨烯材料都是获得高质量石墨烯材料的常用方法.器件结构及工艺流程的设计也是提升晶体管射频性能的重要因素,多指栅结构、T型栅结构、埋栅结构以及自对准工艺的发展能够有效改善石墨烯射频晶体管的截止频率及最大振荡频率.石墨烯晶体管独特的电学特性使得其除了可以构造与其他半导体材料电路相似的射频电路结构,还可以构造出功能完整并且结构更加简单的新型射频电路结构.     

Compact and broadband waveguide taper based on partial bandgap photonic crystals

Partial bandgap characteristics of parallelogram lattice photonic crystals are proposed to suppress the radiation modes in a compact dielectric waveguide taper so as to obtain high transmittance in a large wavelength range. Band structure of the photonic crystals shows that there exists a partial bandgap, The photonie crystals with partial bandgap are then used as the cladding of a waveguide taper to reduce the radiation loss efficiently. In comparison with the conventional dielectric taper and the complete bandgap photonic crystal taper, the partial bandgap photonic crystal taper has a high transmittance of above 85% with a wide band of 170 nm.     

Extending the zero-effective-phase photonic bandgap by one-dimensional ternary photonic crystals

A novel method to enlarge the zero-effective-phase bandgap has been presented in the one-dimensional photonic crystals by sandwiching the third material between the two single-negative materials to form a one-dimensional ternary periodic structure. The band-edges formula for the one-dimensional ternary photonic crystal is derived based on the effective-medium theory and the expressions of the upper and lower frequency limits for the ternary photonic crystals are obtained. Then two schemes to enlarge the zero-effective-phase bandgaps are put forward. Moreover, the angular- and polarization-dependences of the photonic bandgap are investigated. Finally, the role of the dispersion in the sandwiched layer on the bandgap extending has been discussed and two schemes are also presented to enlarge the zero-effective-phase photonic bandgap.