大角度蚀刻衍射光栅的模拟

研究了平面波导密集波分复用器件中很有发展潜力的蚀刻衍射光栅(EDG).小角度范围光栅的模拟通常采用高斯近似的输入光场,由于近轴的高斯光场接近实际光场,所以模拟结果很准确.但这种方法应用于大角度范围的光栅则有偏差.本文提出了大角度蚀刻衍射光栅的模拟方法,分析了这种偏差并给出了模拟结果.事实上这种方法也适合于实际任意输入光场的模拟.     

聚合物阵列波导光栅复用器关键技术的研究

介绍了阵列波导光栅(AWG)复用器的工作原理;运用光栅衍射理论和马卡提里近似法,对中心波长为1.55 μm,波长间隔为1.6 nm的聚合物AWG进行参量设计,通过数值模拟验证了设计的正确性.用甲基丙烯酸甲酯类聚合物对AWG的制备工艺进行了研究,用铝作掩模制作了聚合物光波导,测试结果表明在1.55 μm处波导实现单模传输.     

阵列波导光栅梳状带通滤波器的传输效率

在光波导模场分布高斯近似条件下,根据星形光波导耦合器的耦合特性,推导出了基于累加运算和卷积运算近似表达的阵列波导光栅梳状带通滤波器光谱响应效率的函数表达式。给出了阵列波导光栅梳状带通滤波器光谱响应效率曲线的半最大值全宽度和阵列波导光栅梳状带通滤波器的通道中心波长的光谱响应度与器件参数的关系。在输入信号光谱分布高斯近似条件下,给出了阵列波导光栅梳状带通滤波器信号通道传输效率的计算表达式和输入信号光谱宽度对阵列波导光栅梳状带通滤波器信号通道输出特性的影响。给出了物理意义明确的函数表达式,它们可为快速分析阵列波导光栅梳状带通滤波器的特性提供理论基础。     

阵列波导光栅的简便模拟方法及应用

结合等效折射率方法并利用高斯光束近似给出了一种简便的模拟计算阵列波导光栅方法,可实现AWG锔模拟模拟计算结果与理论公式计算结果吻合利用这种模拟方法,模拟了一个阵列波导光栅(AWG)实例,并考察了阵列波导条数对器件性能的影响,最后分析了制造工艺误差对器件性能的影响     

湍流大气传输高斯谢尔光束的到达角起伏

研究了在弱大气湍流起伏环境下以窄带宽高斯谢尔光束为激光光源的大气通信问题,分析了大气湍流强度和光源空间相干度对通信光束到达角起伏的影响.采用窄带宽光场的交叉谱密度函数代替光场互相干函数的近似方法和采用包含大气湍流内外尺度的简化折射率谱密度函数,得出了湍流大气中传输高斯谢尔光束的波结构函数(WSF) 和到达角起伏方差解析近似关系.分析表明,光源的空间相干度和传输光束的湍流扩展是影响高斯谢尔光束的相位起伏结构函数和传输光束到达角起伏的重要因素.     

平面光波导光场分布的有限时域差分法计算

用有限时域差分法计算了简单三层对称平面光波导中的光场,得到了任意截面上光场的分布.这一方法的优点在于它能完全模拟波导中光场的时域特性,使波导中的光传播完全可视化,模拟横向传播,提取光在波导中的传输模式,也可用于有源波导的计算如光波导放大器.有限时域差分法直接求解依赖时间的麦克斯韦旋度方程,利用二阶精度的中心差分近似,把旋度方程中的微分符直接转换为差分形式.每一步计算都无须作矩阵求逆运算,因此,比其他数值计算方法更有效、精度更高.     

AWG中波导间耦合造成的相位畸变的分析

用(1,1)阶Pad啨近似的广角BPM计算了阵列波导光栅(AWG)中由于阵列波导间耦合造成的相位畸变以及由于相位畸变引起的相位误差分别考虑了光从中心/非中心输入波导入射两种情况结果表明,波导间的耦合会造成显著的相位畸变,但由此引起的相位误差却很小,光从中心输入波导入射时对应的相位误差10-3rad,从非中心输入波导入射时的相位误差约为10-2rad针对波导阵列边缘效应引起的相位畸变,设计AWG结构时,在阵列部分两侧增加了边缘辅助波导结构,从而消除了边缘效应,使得边缘阵列波导对应的相位误差从10-1rad量级减小为10-3(10-2)rad量级.     

小尺寸低折射率差硅基二氧化硅阵列波导光栅

随着阵列波导光栅(Arrayed Waveguide Grating,AWG)型器件在光通信系统中的大规模应用,对低成本AWG芯片的需求越来越多.在各种降成本方案中,减小AWG芯片的尺寸是最有效的方法之一.本文介绍了一种新型小尺寸低折射率差硅基二氧化硅AWG的设计.在该AWG中,输入波导/输出波导与平板波导连接的部分制...     

半导体激光器远轴光束的准直特性研究

对半导体激光器光束准直场的研究具有重要的意义,半导体激光器的远轴模型能精确描述其发出的光束。根据瑞利索末菲衍射公式,利用稳相法得出了半导体激光器远轴光束经过透镜准直后的场分布解析表达式。根据该表达式可以得出如下结论:准直后光束在两个方向上的光斑大小与透镜焦距成正比,且与传输距离无关,沿轴光强与波导尺寸参量和准直透镜焦距有关,且与透镜焦距成平方反比关系,在传输距离较短的情况下,准直光场相位分布近似为球面,传输距离较长时,光场相位近似为平面.这些结论在工程应用中具有重要的价值。     

聚合物脊形光波导的变分有效折射率法分析

聚合物脊形光波导是聚合物集成光电子器件的重要构成单元.利用有效折射率法计算聚合物脊形光波导的横向折射率分布及有效折射率,将各区域中的光场分布近似用分段函数表达.基于导模满足的标量波动方程,利用变分法确定变分参量,以求得准确的横向光场分布.对聚合物脊形多模光波导基模和高阶模的色散特性与横向场分布进行分析,研究了波导结构参数对色散特性的影响,计算出TM基模和高阶模的光场分布,得出了聚合物脊形光波导的单模传输条件.研究表明,该方法计算量小、精度高,对聚合物光电子器件中脊形光波导的理论分析与设计优化提供了简单高效的方法.     

Three-dimensional hybrid modeling based on a beam propagation method and a diffraction formula for an AWG demultiplexer

An efficient and accurate three-dimensional (3D) hybrid modeling, which combines a 3D beam propagation method (BPM) and the two-dimensional (2D) Kirchhoff–Huygens diffraction formula, is developed to simulate the field propagation in an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) demultiplexer. The 2D Kirchhoff–Huygens diffraction formula is used for the simulation of the light propagation in the free propagation regions (FPRs). A 3D BPM in a polar coordinate system is used to simulate the light propagation in the transition region between the input FPR and the arrayed waveguides so that the coupling coefficients for the arrayed waveguides are calculated conveniently and accurately. For the simulation in the transition region between the arrayed waveguides and the output FPR, only the central arrayed waveguide and several adjacent ones are needed in the computational window of a standard BPM and thus the computation efficiency is improved. Finally, a flat-top AWG is designed and fabricated to verify the reliability of the present simulation method. The calculated and measured spectral responses are in a good agreement.     

Beam Steering Type of 1 : 4 Optical Switch Using Thermo-Optic Effect

We propose a beam steering type optical switch employing a phase shifter. It consists of collimating waveguide mirrors, an arrayed-waveguide which has deep trenches incorporating polymer materials, and input/output waveguides. The incident light is guided to the front mirror, where it is then collimated, and input to the arrayed waveguide. The number of trenches filled with polymer linearly increases in order. The refractive index of the polymer can be controlled with temperature, and the propagation direction of the output light from the arrayed waveguide can also be controlled. A switch with 15 waveguides in the array has been fabricated. The chip size is about 2:5 × 9:0 mm², the insertion loss is 10 dB, and the extinction ratio is about 10–13 dB.     

聚合物电光调制器中M-Z波导TM模分析

M-Z光波导是聚合物电光调制器的重要结构单元。利用有效折射率法计算聚合物脊形波导的横向折射率分布，将三维光波场传播简化为二维传播。从导模满足的标量波动方程出发，结合透明边界条件，采用Crank-Nicholson差分格式，得出有限差分束传播法的基本计算格式。通过对M Z型波导结构中TM模的传播及损耗特性进行理论分析，系统地研究了脊宽、分支角等结构参数对损耗的影响。研究表明，有效折射率法与二维有限差分束传播法的结合可以较好地解决脊形M Z波导的设计问题。该方法具有精度高、计算量小及效率高等优点，为聚合物电光调制器的制备提供了理论依据。     

A Silicon-Based Arrayed Waveguide Grating Operating in Two Communication Channels

Abstract

This article proposes a silicon-based arrayed waveguide grating operating in two wavelength bands simultaneously with central wavelengths of 1,550.12 nm and 1,310.12 nm. If input light to an arrayed waveguide grating consists of wavelengths around 1,550.12 nm, the proposed system will act as a four-channel demultiplexer with channel spacing of 0.8 nm. On the other hand, when input wavelengths are distributed around 1,310.12 nm, the same arrayed waveguide grating will divide the input to seven channels with channel spacing of 0.33 nm.     

平场输入/输出蚀刻衍射光栅的设计

光通信中波分复用技术是解决通信网络瓶颈的有效手段，近年来得到很大发展。以平面波导波分复用器件为核心的密集波分复用技术已经得到成功商用。蚀刻衍射光栅是平面波导密集波分复用器件中很有发展潜力的一种。原有蚀刻衍射光栅采用罗兰圆设计，输入输出在圆弧曲线上由条形波导引出；而平场输入／输出的蚀刻衍射光栅在很多应用中可以省去制作输入输出波导，大大简化制作工艺，同时能够保持良好的线性色散和聚集效果。给出了平场输入和输出蚀刻衍射光栅的设计方法，并利用标量衍射理论对设计的结果进行模拟，验证了平场输出蚀刻衍射光栅具有很好的分波效果。     

聚合物电光波导传播常数和损耗系数的微扰解

对于聚合物电光波导,依据理想光波导耦合理论的微扰理论,推导传播常数和损耗系数的近似表达式,从而将求解本征值的复杂复数运算简化成简单实数运算。数值计算表明,这些近似解与正确解很好相符。给出的近似公式和特征曲线可供聚合物电光波导及其器件的设计和制备作参考。     

Fabrication of Triplexers Based on Flattop SOI AWG

A triplexer is fabricated based on SOI arrayed waveguide gratings （AWGs）. Three wavelengths of the triplexer operate at different diffraction orders of an arrayed waveguide grating. The signals of 1490nm and 1550nm, which are input from central input waveguide of an AWG, are demultiplexed and the signal of 131Onto, which is input from central output waveguide of an AWG, is uploaded. The tested results show that the downloaded and uploaded signals have fiat-top response. The insertion loss is 9 dB on chip, the nonadjacent crosstalk is less than -30 dB for 1490nm and 1301 nm, and is less than -25 dB for 1550nm, the 3dB bandwidth equates that of the input light source.     

Parameter optimization and structural design of polymer arrayed waveguide grating multiplexer

First some important parameters are optimized for the structural design of a polymer arrayed waveguide grating (AWG) multiplexer around the central wavelength of 1.55 μm with the wavelength spacing of 1.6 nm. These parameters include the thickness and width of the guide core, mode effective refractive indices and group refractive index, diffraction order, pitch of adjacent waveguides, length difference of adjacent arrayed waveguides, focal length of slab waveguides, free spectral range (FSR), the number of input/output (I/O) channels, and that of arrayed waveguides. Then the bent angles, radii and lengths of all the input/output channels and arrayed waveguides are determined. Finally, a schematic waveguide layout of this device is presented, which contains 2 slabs, 11 input channels, 11 output channels, and 91 arrayed waveguides.