一般两速离散lllner模型的1＋1维精确解

ｌｌｌｎｅｒ模型是最一般的Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ方程的两速模型，它包括Ｃａｒｌｅｍａｎ模型和ＭｃＫｅａｎ模型作为两种特殊情形。离散ｌｌｌｎｅｒ模型１＋１维精确能够以一种简洁的方式进行研究，前人的结论需要修正。我们得到了一类新的１＋１维精确解，这给出了研究类似的离散Ｂｏｌｚｍａｎｎ方程精确行波解的一般方法。     

（2＋1）维KP方程的三类精确解

研究了（2＋1）维KP方程的孤子解问题．应用Riccati方程映射法,得到了（2＋1）维KP方程的新的显式精确解的结构．根据得到的精确解结构,构造出了该方程的三类精确解．     

非线性发展方程新的显式精确解

借助Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａ系统,采用三角函数法和吴文俊消元法,本文获得了著名的２＋１维ＫＰ方程的若干精确解,其中包括新的精确解和孤波解．在此基础上,进而得到著名ＫｄＶ方程、Ｈｉｒｏｔａ－Ｓａｔｓｕｍａ方程和耦合ＫｄＶ方程的一些精确解．     

离散速度动力学方程组的数值方法研究 Ⅰ.半隐式差分格式

１．引言文中考虑 Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ方程的离散速度模型一两速度模型的数值方法的构造和分析．其中,ｃ为分子速度,Ｊ（ｕ,ｖ）为碰撞算子,具有如下一般形式式中ｋ（ｕ,ｖ）,和为非负实常数．模型（１．１）－（１．２０包含了一些著名的动力学模型,例如 Ｇｏｌｄｓｔｅｉｎ－Ｔａｙｌｏｒ模型［５,１４］, Ｒｕｉｊｇｒｏｏｋ－Ｗｕ模型［１２］,多孔介质方程［９,１１］等． 如果引进宏观变量产＝ｕ＋ｖ,ｊ＝（ｕ－ｖ）,则可得到宏观方程其中此外,方程（１．３）有两个自然渐近区．第一个是此时Ｊ（ｊ）＝０,如果该方程有…     

离散时间代数Riccati方程的解矩阵的下界与上界

本文讨论离散时间代数Ｒｉｃｃａｔｉ方程ＡＴＸＡ－Ｘ－（ＡＴＸＢ＋Ｌ）（Ｒ＋ＢＴＸＢ）＾－１（ＬＴ＋ＢＴＸＡ）＋Ｑ＝０的唯一对称正定解的上界和下界。     

变系数(2+1)维非线性色散长波方程新的类孤子解和局域相干结构

本文通过构造两个新的Riccati方程组,应用齐次平衡原则和分离变量法的思想,借助Matlnematica软件,得到了变系数（2＋1）维非线性色散长波方程的一系列新的精确解.包括各种类孤立波解、类周期解等,并构造了该方程的几种不同形式的局域相干结构.     

一类非线性发展方程的精确孤波解

本文首先求出了非线性常微分方程ｕ″（ξ）＋ｍｕ２（ξ）＋ｎｕ３（ξ）＋ｐｕ（ξ）＝ｃ（Ⅰ）和ｕ″（ξ）＋ｒｕ′（ξ）＋ｍｕ２（ξ）＋ｎｕ３（ξ）＋ｐｕ（ξ）＝ｃ（Ⅱ）的显式精确解．进而求出了组合ＢＢＭ方程、Ｂｕｒｇｅｒｓ方程与组合ＢＢＭ方程混合型的钟状孤波解和扭状孤波解，同时还求出了广义Ｂｏｕｓｓｉｎｅｓｑ方程和广义ＫＰ方程的钟状和扭状孤波解．文中指出了其行波解可化为（Ⅰ）的发展方程既有钟状又有扭状孤波解，而其行波解可化为（Ⅱ）的发展方程没有钟状孤波解．     

体上的矩阵方程AX—XB=C与AX±XB=±C

设Ｆ和Ω分别是一个任意的体和一个具有对合反自同构的有限维中心代数且ｃｈａｒΩ≠２．本研究体上的下列矩阵方程：ＡＸ－ＸＢ＝Ｃ，（１）ＡＸ－ＸＢ＝Ｃ，（２）ＡＸ＋ＸＢ＝－Ｃ（３）分别给出了在Ω上（１）有一般解，（２）自共轭解及（３）有斜自共轭解的充要条件，并将Ｗ．Ｅ．Ｒｏｔｈ的相似定理推广到了任意的体Ｆ上。     

均匀格子气Boltzmann方程的稳定性研究

１．引言格子气的基本方程是在几何空间、速度空间和时间上都是离散的Ｂｏｌｔｚｍａｎｎ方程（Ｂ方程）．这是一个有限差分方程．在离散速度气体运动论中［１］,Ｂ方程在速度空间上是离散的,在几何空间和时间上是连续的．这是一个偏微分方程．人们对离散速度气体Ｂ方程的稳定性和渐近特性的研究已经取得了很多结果．Ｍａａｓｓ~［２］通过构造Ｌｙaｐｕｎｏｖ函数族,在分布函数在空间上均匀的条件下,证明了平衡分布的渐近稳定性．信息函数Ｈ是该函数族的一员．Ｂｅｌｌｏｍｏｅｔａｌ~［３］．采用小扰动线性化方法在初值距离平衡解足…     

二维RLW方程和二维SRLW方程的显式精确解

本文讨论了二维RLW方程和二维SRLW方程孤立波解的性态，通过直接积分的方法求出了这两个方程的显式精确孤立波解，并通过选取初始条件的方法求出了二维RLW方程和二维SRLW方程的另一类精确行波解．     

A new consistent discrete‐velocity model for the Boltzmann equation

This paper discusses the convergence of a new discrete‐velocity model to the Boltzmann equation. First the consistency of the collision integral approximation is proved. Based on this we prove the convergence of solutions for a modified model to renormalized solutions of the Boltzmann equation. In a numerical example, the solutions to the discrete problems are compared with the exact solution of the Boltzmann equation in the space‐homogeneous case. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A study of integrability and symmetry for the (p + 1)th Boltzmann equation via Painlevé analysis and Lie‐group method

In this paper,we applied the Painlevé property test on Krook‐Wu model of the nonlinear Boltzmann equation (p = 1). As a result, by using Bäcklund transformation, we obtained three solutions two of them were known earlier, while the third one is new and more general, we have also two reductions one of them is Abel's equation. Also, Lie‐group method is applied to the (p + 1)th Boltzmann equation. The complete Lie algebra of infinitesimal symmetries is established. Three nonequivalent sub‐algebraic of the complete Lie algebra are used to investigate similarity solutions and similarity reductions in the form of nonlinear ordinary equations for (p + 1)th Boltzmann equation; we obtained two general solutions for (p + 1)th Boltzmann equation and new solutions for Krook‐Wu model of Boltzmann equation (p = 1). Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Asymptotic behaviour of the relativistic Boltzmann equation in the Robertson–Walker spacetime

In this paper, we study the relativistic Boltzmann equation in the spatially flat Robertson–Walker spacetime. For a certain class of scattering kernels, global existence of classical solutions is proved. We use the standard method of Illner and Shinbrot for the global existence and apply the splitting technique of Guo and Strain for the regularity of solutions. The main interest of this paper is to study the evolution of matter distribution, rather than the evolution of spacetime. We obtain the asymptotic behaviour of solutions and will understand how the expansion of the universe affects the evolution of matter distribution.     

Stationary solutions of the kinetic Broadwell model

We consider a stationary discrete model of the Boltzmann equation for four velocities (the Broadwell model). We obtain new exact automodel solutions of the model corresponding to an incompressible and a compressible gas. We show that one class of solutions satisfies the problem of gas evaporation and condensation on the boundary of a disk and external space. The system turns out to be strongly nonequilibrium, and continuous medium equations are not applicable to it.     

2+1维广义浅水波方程的类孤子解与周期解

该文基于一个Riccati方程组，提出了一个新的广义投影Ric cati展开法，该方法直接简单并能构造非线性微分方程更多的新的解析解。利用该算法研究了(2+1)维广义浅水波方程，并求得了许多新的精确解，包括类孤子解和周期解。该算法也能应用到其它非线性微分方程中。     

Constructing exact solutions to discrete systems with the trial function method

Based on the homogenous balance method and the trial function method, several trial function methods composed of exponential functions are proposed and applied to nonlinear discrete systems. With the.help of symbolic computation system, the new exact solitary wave solutions to discrete nonlinear mKdV lattice equation, discrete nonlinear （2 ＋ 1） dimensional Toda lattice equation, Ablowitz-Ladik-lattice system are constructed.The method is of significance to seek exact solitary wave solutions to other nonlinear discrete systems.     

Hydrodynamic limits with shock waves of the Boltzmann equation

We show that piecewise smooth solutions with shocks of the Euler equations in gas dynamics can be obtained as the zero Knudsen number limit of solutions of the Boltzmann equation for hard sphere collision model. The construction of the Boltzmann solutions is done in two steps. First we introduce a generalized Hilbert expansion with shock layer correction to construct approximations to the solutions of the Boltzmann equations with small Knudsen numbers. We then apply the recently developed macro‐micro decomposition and energy method for Boltzmann shock layers to construct the exact Boltzmann solutions through the stability analysis. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Interaction solutions to Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation in (2+1)-dimensions

Abundant exact interaction solutions, including lump-soliton, lump-kink, and lump-periodic solutions, are computed for the Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation in (2+1)-dimensions, through conducting symbolic computations with Maple. The basic starting point is a Hirota bilinear form of the Hirota-Satsuma-Ito equation. A few three-dimensional plots and contour plots of three special presented solutions are made to shed light on the characteristic of interaction solutions.     

EXACT SOLUTIONS OF (2+1)-DIMENSIONAL NONLINEAR SCHRöDINGER EQUATION BASED ON MODIFIED EXTENDED TANH METHOD

In this paper, the modified extended tanh method is used to construct more general exact solutions of a(2+1)-dimensional nonlinear Schr¨odinger equation.With the aid of Maple and Matlab software, we obtain exact explicit kink wave solutions, peakon wave solutions, periodic wave solutions and their 3D images.     

(2+1)维Burgers方程新的复合解

In this paper, a new generalized compound Riccati equations rational expansion method （GCRERE） is proposed. Compared with most existing rational expansion methods and other sophisticated methods, the proposed method is not only recover some known solutions, but also find some new and general complexiton solutions. Being concise and straightforward, it is applied to the （2＋1）-dimensional Burgers equation. As a result, eight families of new exact analytical solutions for this equation are found. The method can also be applied to other nonlinear partial differential equations.