双参数威布尔分布下可靠性抽样检验

对于失效时间遵从双参数威布尔分布产品，本文分别提出了制订全样本下和定时截尾样本下可靠性抽样检验方案的统计方法．质量统计是不可靠度的矩估计的严格增加函数．选择截尾时间的方法被提出．利用分布分位数的Coruish-Fisher展开，佯本量和接收常数被近似地确定．模拟结果表明。本文给出的方法是可行的．     

次序统计量线性组合之分布及其在可靠性统计中的应用

本文利用特征函数的方法,给出了来自于自由度为自然数r的Γ—分布的次序统计量线性组合之精确分布;并将其用于可靠性定数截尾试验中,得到了指数分布的似然比检验统计量之精确分布。     

癌症统计学治愈的统计学检验

统计学治愈是癌症治疗的宏观目标,尚无满意评价方法。循非参数途径,本文提出样本与总体队列半数生存期差别的显著性检验:反射统计量和检基统计量,用于这种评价。截尾问题的处理是以指数内插方程利用Kaplan-Meier或Berkson-Gage估计值,因此,该统计量适于各种生存资料:截尾的,非截尾的,分组的,不分组的。本文为适应截尾而作的所有扩展均具有还原性,无截尾时,该统计量还原为经典中位数检验。附有工作实例描述评价过程。     

计数型最小样本量截尾值的序贯检验

对具有"高成本、破坏性"计数型产品的可靠性验收试验,序贯检验方案的样本量截尾值对试验的成本预算起着决定性作用.为降低试验的成本预算,本文对最小样本量截尾值序贯检验(minimum truncated sample size sequential test, MTST)进行研究,给出MTST的定义、性质及求解方法.通过与目前广泛采用的国际标准IEC1123及序贯网图检验进行比较,结果表明MTST显著地减少了样本量截尾值.为进一步减少序贯检验的样本量截尾值,当已知产品质量的先验信息时,本文研究了Bayes最小样本量截尾值序贯检验方案(Bayesian minimum truncated sample size sequential test, BMTST),与MTST的比较表明, BMTST极大地减少了序贯检验的样本量截尾值及平均试验次数,能更好地缩减"高成本、破坏性"产品的试验成本预算及平均试验费用.     

高维随机截尾数据的PP拟合优度检验

关于一维删截数据的拟合优度检验，已有相当多的文献，但高维截尾数据的拟合优度检验尚不多见．本文用PP技巧讨论了高维截尾数据的拟合优度检验，得到了检验统计量的渐近分布，并讨论了其Bootstrap逼近及逼近的相容性和检验的渐近功效．     

双截尾Tobit模型中的随机加权逼近方法

本文研究双截尾删失回归模型中参数的随机加权估计(RWE),获得了RWE的统计渐近性质,如相合性和渐近分布.本文证明了RWE在给定样本下的条件渐近分布与参数的最小绝对偏差(LAD)估计的渐近分布是一样的,则可以利用RWE的条件分布去逼近回归参数的LAD估计的分布,从而避免冗余参数的估计,如误差项的密度函数.另外,本文也提出了一个M检验统计量和随机加权M检验统计量(RWM)来检验参数的线性假设问题,建立了该检验的统计性质.数值模拟和实际数据分析结果表明所提方法是可行的.     

极值分布参数检验的样本崩溃点

检验的样本崩溃点是样本中能逆转判决的离群值的最小比例.本文计算和分析了一类极值分布位置参数的似然比检验的样本崩溃点.并用截尾方法改进了这类检验的样本崩溃性质.     

混合整参数贝塔分布及其应用

本文给出了一个新的指数型分布,它是整参数贝塔分布Be(k+1,n-k)对于整数n的截0至k的截尾泊松分布的混合分布.论文给出了这一分布的统计意义和数字特征,并通过一个例子说明了它的一个应用.     

小样本定数截尾场合下威布尔和对数正态分布的拟合检验

本文给出了小样本定数截尾场合下两参数威布尔分布和对数正态分布的拟合检验方法,该方法还适用于一般的位置-刻度参数族分布,论文还通过实际算例说明方法的可行性。     

逐步Ⅰ型混合截尾下指数-威布尔分布竞争失效模型的统计分析（英文）

本文基于指数-威布尔分布研究逐步Ⅰ型混合截尾竞争失效模型的统计推断问题.根据模型假设和竞争失效数据,推导出未知参数和产品可靠度的极大似然估计;考虑极大似然估计的渐近正态性质,计算出观测Fisher信息阵,从而获得未知参数和可靠度的渐近置信区间.由于贝叶斯后验密度函数不具有封闭形式,利用MCMC方法给出未知参数和可靠度的近似贝叶斯估计以及最大后验密度可信区间.最后通过模拟研究对估计方法作出解释并给出数值结果.结果表明极大似然方法和贝叶斯方法可以对逐步Ⅰ型混合截尾竞争失效模型进行统计推断.     

考虑检验错误的集团抽样检验接收概率函数

本文给出存在集团检验误差时的集团抽样检验接受概率计算公式,该公式可用于设计抽样方案、分析集团检验错误对抽样方案的影响.采用计算机模拟抽样检验的方法对给出的公式加以验证,证明了该所给公式的正确性.同时通过对集团检验错误存在与否的抽样检验特征(OC)曲线的比较,指出:以往的集团抽样检验方案设计,都是在假设无检验误差前提下设计的,在抽样检验中,若存在检验错误,会严重影响抽样检验的接收概率,使抽样检验结果不能客观地反映检验批的质量.     

An innovative Bayesian sequential censored sampling inspection method and application to test design

This paper proposes an innovative Bayesian sequential censored sampling inspection method to improve the inspection level and reduce the sample size in acceptance test plans for continuous lots. A mathematical model of Bayesian sequential censored sampling is built, where a new inspection parameter is created and two types of risk are modified. As the core of Bayesian risk formulas, a new structure method of the prior distribution is presented by combining the empirical distribution with the uncertainty of the estimation. To improve the fitting accuracy of parameter estimation, an adaptive genetic algorithm is applied and compared with different parameter estimation methods. In the prior distribution, a prior estimator is introduced to design a sampling plan for continuous lots. Then, three types of producer's and consumer's risks are derived and compared. The simulation results indicate that the modified Bayesian sampling method performs well, with the lowest risks and the smallest sample size. Finally, a new sequential censored sampling plan for continuous lots is designed for the accuracy acceptance test of an aircraft. The test results show that compared with the traditional single sampling plan, the sample size is reduced by 66.7%, saving a vast amount of test costs.     

A new system of skip‐lot sampling plans having a provision for reducing normal inspection

The skip‐lot sampling program can be used for reducing the amount of inspection on a product that has excellent quality history. Thus skip‐lot sampling plans are designed to reduce inspection costs. Moreover, the skip‐lot concept is sound and useful and is economically advantageous to use in the design of sampling plans. Hence, a new system of skip‐lot sampling plans designated as the SkSP‐V plan is developed in this paper. The proposed plan requires a return to normal inspection whenever a lot is rejected during sampling inspection, but has a provision for a reduced normal inspection upon demonstration of superior product quality. A Markov chain formulation and derivation of performance measures for this new plan are presented. The properties of SkSP‐V plan are studied with single sampling plan as the reference plan. Advantages of this new plan are also discussed. Finally, certain cost models are given for the economic design of the SkSP‐V plan. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

(对数)逻辑斯谛克分布下可靠性抽样检验

对于寿命遵从逻辑斯谛克分布或对数逻辑斯谛克分布的产品,本文在完全样本情形给出了制定可靠性抽样检验方案的统计方法.数值模拟结果表明该方法是可行的.本文还指出,这种方法可用于位置一刻度参数分布族.     

混凝土构件检测样本容量的确定方法

混凝土构件检测时,一般采用百分比抽样的方式.以回弹法中对混凝土强度进行检测时采用百分比抽样的抽样方式为例,从绝对误差限和相对误差限的角度分析了不同构件总量均采用此方法抽取样本的不合理性,并提出在不同混凝土强度等级、不同构件总数的情况下,通过控制一定的误差限来确定样本数量的方法.通过理论和实例分析,提出在抽样过程中,采用分层抽样技术对检测构件进行合理分层,降低总体方差,可减少样本数量.这种方法也适用于其它检测问题的样本容量的确定.     

Bayesian single and double variable sampling plans for the Weibull distribution with censoring

The sampling inspection problem is one of the main research topics in quality control. In this paper, we employ Bayesian decision theory to study single and double variable sampling plans, for the Weibull distribution, with Type II censoring. A general loss function which includes the sampling cost, the time-consuming cost, the salvage value, and the after-sales cost is proposed to determine the Bayes risk and the corresponding optimal sampling plan. Explicit expressions for the Bayes risks for both single and double sampling plans are derived, respectively. Numerical examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Comparisons between single and double sampling plans are made, and sensitivity analysis is performed.     

Integrated inventory and inspection policies for stochastic demand

In this paper, we develop integrated inventory inspection models with and without replacement of nonconforming items. Inspection policies include no inspection, sampling inspection, and 100% inspection. We consider a buyer who places an order from a supplier when his inventory level drops to a certain point, due to demand which is stochastic in nature. When a lot is received, the buyer uses some type of inspection policy. The fraction nonconforming is assumed to be a random variable following a beta distribution. The order quantity, reorder point and the inspection policy are decision variables. In the inspection policy involving determining sampling plan parameters, constraints on the buyer and manufacturer risks is set in order to obtain a fair plan for both parties. A solution procedure for determining the operating policies for inventory and inspection consisting of order quantity, sample size, and acceptance number is proposed. Numerical examples are presented to conduct a sensitivity analysis for important model parameters and to illustrate important issues about the developed models.     

Variables sampling inspection scheme for resubmitted lots based on the process capability index Cpk

This paper attempts to develop a sampling inspection scheme by variables based on process performance index for product acceptance determination, which examines the situation where resampling is permitted on lots not accepted on original inspection. The equations for plan parameters, the required sample size and the corresponding critical value, are derived based on the exact sampling distribution rather than an approximation approach hence the decisions made are more accurate and reliable. Moreover, the efficiency of the proposed variables resubmitted sampling plan is evaluated and compared with the existing variables single sampling plan. For illustrative purpose, an example is presented to demonstrate the use of the derived results for making a decision on product acceptance determination.     

计数集团检查的抽查特征函数

本文给出计数型集团检查一次、二次抽样方案的抽查特征函数及其算法, 并且通过与近似算法的比较和计算机抽样检查模拟, 验证了该方法的正确性, 并对该抽查特征函数性质和应用作了初步讨论.     

Optimal truncated repetitive lot inspection with defect rates

Single and repetitive sampling schemes are conventional methods for evaluating the quality of lots or batches of products. Truncation repetitive sampling plans are introduced in this paper in order to significantly reduce the size of samples drawn from the lot. Under this scheme type, if a decision about the acceptance or rejection of the lots cannot be made in the original inspection, they can be reinspected, at most, a prefixed number of times. The Poisson distribution is assumed for the number of defects found in the samples drawn from the lot. Best truncated repetitive sampling plans are determined by solving integer nonlinear programming problems. A simplified methodology is suggested to obtain the plans with optimal inspection effort and controlled risks by using an iterative procedure. According to the results obtained, optimal truncated plans are shown to be better than the optimal single and repetitive schemes in reducing the average sample number of the inspection. An application to the manufacturing of glass is presented for illustrative purposes.