黑木耳酸性杂多糖溶液性质研究

从黑木耳子实体提取出的酸性杂多糖,通过重沉淀分成8个级分,用小角激光光散射和膜渗透压法测得试样在0.5mol/L NaCl/10％镉乙二胺饱和液(C)中的M_w(5.88×10~5)、M_n(1.43×10~5)和A_2值.研究了各个分级试样在3种水溶液中30℃的粘度行为,确立了Mark-Houwink方程为:(A)0.5mol/L NaCl,[η]=0.235 M_w~(0.48);(B)0.2mol Na_2SO_4/0.01 mol/L 磷酸盐缓冲液,[η]=7.61×10~(-2)M_w~(0.57);(C)[η]=6.44×10~(-2) M_w~(0.59).无扰尺寸(S~2)_0/M及K_8为12.9×10~(-18)cm~2·mol/g及0.175cm~3/g.确证该多糖分子在溶液中呈稍刚硬的柔性无规线团状态.     

超高分子量聚苯乙烯的合成和聚合反应动力学

杯芳烃钕与Mg(n Bu) 2 、HMPA所组成的三元络合催化剂用于苯乙烯配位聚合能以高收率制得超高分子量聚苯乙烯 .以甲苯为溶剂 ,在一定条件下制成三元配位催化剂 ,当 [Nd]=8× 10 - 4mol L ,[St]=4 .0mol L ,Mg Nd =2 0 .0 (摩尔比 ) ,HMPA Mg =1.0 (摩尔比 ) ,5 0℃聚合 4 5min ,聚合转化率可达到 80 %左右 .所得聚苯乙烯的重均分子量高达 2 10× 10 4 ,分子量分布指数为 1.6 1.间规聚苯乙烯含量为 81% .动力学研究表明 ,聚合反应速率与单体和主催化剂 杯 [6 ]芳烃钕的浓度分别呈 1次方关系 ,聚合反应的表观活化能为 4 1.7kJ mol     

甲基丙烯酸甲酯与海藻酸接枝共聚合反应的研究

研究了甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)在过硫酸钾(KPS)-尿素(U)引发体系作用下与海藻酸钠的接枝共聚反应,红外吸收光谱证明了接枝共聚物的结构。结果表明,当[KPS]=[U]=4.0×10~(-3)mol/L、[MMA]=4.0×10~(-1)mol/L、海藻酸钠用量为20g/L,50℃反应5小时,接枝率及接枝效率较高。     

吸附溶出催化伏安法测定人参中的锗

本文提出了利用吸附溶出催化伏安法测定人参中锗的方法。最佳体系为:2.5×10~(-2)mol/LH_2O_2、2.0×10~(-2)mol/L邻苯二酚、2.0×10~(-3)mol/L H_2SO_4。线性范围为2.0×10~(-9)～2.0×10~(-7)mol/L。当富集时间为4 min时,最低检测浓度为4.0×10~(-10)mol/L。此法己成功地应用于测定人参中的锗。     

电致化学发光抑制效应测定SO_3~(2-)

基于SO_3~(2-)能抑制鲁米诺电致化学发光,本文提出了在Na_2CO_3-NaHCO_3-KCl-鲁米诺体系中测定SO_3~(2-)的方法。在1.0×10~(-6)mol/L～5.0×10~(-4)mol/L范围内,SO_3~(2-)-浓度的对数与电致化学发光降低的光强度△I呈线性关系。对11份浓度为5.0×10~(-6)mol/L的Na_2SO_3溶液进行测定,结果的相对标准偏差为4.3%。文中对SO_3~(2-)-抑制鲁米诺电致化学发光的机理作了初步的探讨,提出了可能的反应历程。     

鸟嘌呤与Cu(Ⅰ)配位作用的极谱研究

在0.02mol/L NaHCO_3-0.05mol/L Na_2SO_4(pH9)介质中,对鸟嘌呤与Cu(Ⅰ)的配位作用进行了极谱研究,测定了鸟嘌呤与Cu(Ⅰ)配位的配体数(2)和该配合物的条件形成常数(β_1=1.80×10~(14),β_2=2.85×10~(18)),并对DcFord-Hume公式的适用性作了讨论.     

大量锆存在下铪镧钼杂多酸-耐尔蓝体系测定铪

本文研究了耐尔蓝(NB)-铪镧钼杂多酸(HfLaMo-聚乙烯醇(PVA)体系测定铪的超高灵敏光度法。在PVA存在下,铪、镧和钼酸铵形成杂多酸,继而与耐尔蓝形成离子缔合物。其适宜条件为[HClO_4]=1.2mol/L,[La~(3+)]=2.9×10~(-7)mol/L,[MoO_4~(2-)]=1.1×10~(-3)mol/L,[NB]=2.7×10~(-6)mol/L,PVA0.08％。离子缔合物的最大吸收波长在590nm,表观摩尔吸光系数ε值为1.5×10~7L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),至少稳定96h,服从比耳定律范围为0～250ng/25ml。考察了35种共存离子的影响,容许200倍量Zr(Ⅳ)、As(Ⅲ),300倍量TiO_2、Sb~(3+)、SiO_3~2,100倍量Ge(Ⅳ)及10倍量P(Ⅴ),大多数元素不干扰,几种干扰可用溶剂萃取分离。本法已用于岩矿中铪的测定,结果满意。用摩尔比法和平衡移动法测定缔合物的摩尔比为Hf:La=1:3,探讨了反应机理。     

锆钼杂多酸-耐尔蓝离子缔合显色反应的研究

在聚乙烯醇(PVA)存在下,耐尔蓝(NB)与锆钼杂多酸(ZrMo)形成离子缔合物,其λ_(max)位于615nm,表观摩尔吸光系数e值为3.71×10~5L·mol~(-1)·cm~(-1),线性范围0～5μgzr/25ml。络合物至少稳定24h。考察了30多种共存离子的影响,允许25倍量铪存在。测定锆的适宜条件为[HClO_4]=0.9mol/L,[MoO_4~(2-)]=7.5×10~(-5)mol/L,[NB]=5.5×10~(-5)mol/L,PVA 0.08％。方法已用于岩矿中锆的测定,结果满意。用摩尔比法和平衡移动法测定缔合物的摩尔比为ZrMo:NB=1:4。探讨了反应机理。     

MMA—St无皂乳液聚合成核机理探讨

讨论了MMA-St无皂乳液聚合,当[KPS]=2.77×10~(-3)mol/L,[MMA]0.51mol/L,[St]=0.49mol/L,70℃反应5.0小时,能得到较高的聚合转化率,较小的胶乳粒径和较大的粒子浓度,并对不同反应时期聚合物的分子量及其分布进行了测定,认为该无皂乳液聚合体系为均相沉淀成核机理。当转化率大于30.9％时,胶乳粒的凝聚程度大于胶乳粒的生成速度。KPS分解产生的自由基起到了稳定乳液的作用。     

氨基萘磺酸盐无保护流体室温燐光的取代基位置效应

以TINO_3作重原子微扰剂,Na_2SO_3作化学除氧剂,在无需加入任何保护介质条件下,仅需仪器光源适当照射,1-氨基4-萘磺酸盐、1-氨基5-萘磺酸盐、2-氨基1-萘磺酸盐水溶液均能产生强而稳定的室温燐光信号(RTP)。3种氨基萘磺酸盐浓度分别在4.0×10~(-8)～1.2×10~(-5)mol/L;1.2×10~(-6)～1.6×10~(-5)mol/L;1.6×10~(-7)～8.0×10~(-6)和8.0×10~(-6)～2.5×10~(-5)mol/L范围内与RTP信号呈良好线性关系。检出限分别为3.8×10~(-9_、1.4×10~(-7)和2.8×10~(-8) mol/L。1-氨基 7-萘磺酸盐和1-氨基 8-萘磺酸盐在相同条件下则不能产生RIP信号,表明取代基位置对RTP发射有重要影响。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.