新型荧光试剂N-2-噻唑基水杨醛亚胺Schiff碱的合成及荧光性质

合成了１０种新型荧光试剂Ｎ－２－噻唑基水杨醛亚胺Ｓｃｈｉｆ碱,通过元素分析,ＩＲ,１ＨＮＭＲ和ＵＶ－ｖｉｓ光谱进行了结构表征,并且测定了试剂的荧光光谱,微量的二价碱土金属离子对试剂的荧光有一定的熄灭作用     

测定超氧化物歧化酶活性的一种新的极谱分析方法

报道一种测定超氧化物歧化酶活生的新极谱分析方法，在０．１２５ｍｏｌ／ＬＮＨ３．Ｈ２Ｏ－０．７５ＭＯＬ／ｌ ｎｈ４ｃＬ－２．５％，Ｎａ２ＳＯ３－０．５％，吐温－８０－的介质中，ＳＯＤ在－０．５２Ｖ处产生一氧极谱催化波。ＳＯＤ在１．０×１０＾３Ｕ／Ｌ－４．０×１０＾３Ｕ／Ｌ的活性含量范围内与催化电流呈线性关系，检出限为８．０×１０＾２Ｕ／Ｌ。     

三取代钨硅杂多配合物的导电性和磁性

合成了α－ＮａｍＨｎ［ＳｉＷ９Ｍ３（Ｈ２Ｏ）３Ｏ３７］·１６Ｈ２Ｏ（Ｍ＝Ｃｏ（Ⅱ），Ｎｉ（Ⅱ），Ｖ（Ⅴ）杂多配合物），通过ＩＣＰ，ＩＲ，ＵＶ，ＴＧ－ＤＴＡ，ＸＰＳ，ＥＰＲ，极谱等手段进行了表征．配合物在室温下的电导率σ值达１×１０－３Ｓ·ｃｍ－１，３４３Ｋ时可达１×１０－２Ｓ·ｃｍ－１，是有实用化前景的新型固体电解质．变温磁化率结果表明α－Ｎａ１０［ＳｉＷ９Ｃｏ３（Ｈ２Ｏ）３Ｏ３７］·１６Ｈ２Ｏ和α－Ｎａ１０［ＳｉＷ９Ｎｉ３（Ｈ２Ｏ）３Ｏ３７］·１６Ｈ２Ｏ具有反铁磁性．     

2—（4—联苯基）苯并恶唑衍生物的合成及其光学性能

合成了７种２－（４－联苯基）苯并恶唑衍生物，其中５种为未知物。经元素分析、ＩＲ、ＵＶ、＾１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ表征，并测定了上述化合物的荧光发射光谱、荧光量子产率和激光转移效率，结果发现５，７－二异丙基－２－（４－联苯基）苯并恶唑的激光转换效率高，具有应用价值。     

碳糊电极的吸附／萃取行为及电化学测定美托托宁

报道了碳糊电极测定吲哚类神经化学物质美拉托宁（ＭＬＴＮ）的灵敏电化学分析方法。该经物在电极上开路吸附／萃取预富集后,进行阳极溶出伏安测定,在０．７０Ｖ附近显示了氧化溶出峰。ＭＬＴＮ在２．０＊１０＾－６－１．０＊１０＾－２ｇ／Ｌ范围内峰电流与浓度呈线性关系,检测限可达１．５＊１０＾－７ｇ／Ｌ。该法具有较强的抗干扰能力,在适当条件下ＶＢ６不干扰ＭＬＴＮ的测定。直接测定片剂中的ＭＬＴＮ含量,平均回收率为９８％。本文了探讨了有机化合物在碳糊电极上的富集和溶出机理,发现碳糊电极对有机药物具有强烈的萃取和吸附作用,计时库仑法研究表明萃取在富集过程中起着主要作用。     

导电高聚物聚2,5—二甲基苯胺的化学合成与特性

报道了聚２，５－二甲基苯胺的化学合成，并用标准四探针方法测定其电导率，以ＦＴＩＲ，ＵＶ－Ｖｉｓ吸收光谱，无素分析和ＣＶ法对其性质进行了研究。本征太民的ＰＤＭｅＡｎ能溶于多种有机溶剂，如ＣＨ２Ｃｌ２，ＣＨＣｌ３，ＤＭＳＯ，ＤＭＦ等。     

反式-2-(4-[2-(4-取代苯基)乙烯基]苯基)-5-(4-联苯基)唑的合成、电子光谱与光性能

通过４－ＲＣ６Ｈ４ＣＨＯ与２－（４－甲基苯基）－５－（４－联苯基）口恶唑（Ｒ＝Ｈ，Ｍｅ，Ｅｔ，ｉ－Ｐｒ，ｉ－Ｂｕ，Ｐｈ，ＯＭｅ，Ｆ，Ｃｌ，Ｂｒ）在碱催化下的缩合反应合成了１０个新的反式－２－｛４－［２－（４－取代苯基）乙烯基］苯基｝－５－（４－联苯基）口恶唑类化合物，经元素分析、ＩＲ、ＵＶ及ＭＳ确定了它们的结构．并测定了荧光发射光谱、荧光量子产率和激光转换效率．     

反式—2—（4—（2—（4—取代苯基）乙烯基）苯基）—5—（4—联苯基）恶唑的合成,？…

通过４－ＲＣ６ＨＣＨＯ与２－（４－甲基苯基）－５－（４－联苯基）恶唑（Ｒ＝Ｈ，Ｍｅ，Ｅｔ，ｉ－Ｐｒ，ｉ－Ｂｕ，Ｐｈ，ＯＭｅ，Ｆ，Ｃｌ，Ｂｒ）在碱催化下的缩合反应合成了１０个新的反式－２－（２－（４－取代苯基）乙烯基）苯基）－５－（４－联苯基）恶唑类化合物，经元素分析，ＩＲ，ＵＶ及ＭＳ确定了它们的结构，并测定了荧光发射光谱，荧光量子产率和激光转换效率。     

2－（4－联苯基）苯并噁唑衍生物的合成及其光学性能

合成了７种２－（４－联苯基）苯并　唑衍生物，其中５种为未知物．经元素分析、ＩＲ、ＵＶ、１ＨＮＭＲ和ＭＳ表征，并测定了上述化合物的荧光发射光谱、荧光量子产率和激光转换效率，结果发现５，７－二异丙基－２－（４－联苯基）苯并　唑的激光转换效率高，具有应用价值．     

RUTHENIUM COORDINATION COMPOUNDS WITH POLYPYRIDINES V．DNA－BINDING STUDIES OF Ru（Ⅱ）COORDINATION COMPOUNDS WITH（2－PHENYL－）IMIDAZO［f］1，10－PHENANTHROLINE

ＲＵＴＨＥＮＩＵＭＣＯＯＲＤＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＣＯＭＰＯＵＮＤＳＷＩＴＨＰＯＬＹＰＹＲＩＤＩＮＥＳＶ．ＤＮＡ－ＢＩＮＤＩＮＧＳＴＵＤＩＥＳＯＦＲｕ（Ⅱ）ＣＯＯＲＤＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＣＯＭＰＯＵＮＤＳＷＩＴＨ（２－ＰＨＥＮＹＬ－）ＩＭＩＤＡＺＯ［ｆ］１，１０－...     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

Synthesis of phenolic components of Grains of Paradise

Two vanilloids, (5E)-8-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)oct-5-en-4-one (1) and 4-[3-hydroxydecyl]-2-methoxyphenol (2), isolated from the dried seeds of Grains of Paradise (Aframomum melegueta), were synthesized; the latter compound was made as the S-enantiomer and the material derived from the seeds was found to be a 1:1.7 mixture of the R and S isomers. The synthetic route used should allow the preparation of analogs having extended alkyl chains and consequently different lipophilicity, and 3, a homolog of 2, was also prepared.     

恶臭嗅辨实验室建设探讨

针对恶臭测试的环境影响问题,提出了解决的实例方案,并对方案的要点及优缺点进行讨论,此方案在实际操作中具有较好的效果。     

氯氧化镁生成热的研究

用氧化镁氯化镁水溶液制备了8水合氯氧化镁[nMg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O], 并测定了其在盐酸中的溶解热, 实验结果表明, 氯氧化镁溶解热与n值呈线性关系, 根据溶解热求出5Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O和3Mg(OH)2·MgCl2·8H2O的生成热分别为-7727.1和5888.1kJ·mol^1^-。     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.     

Study of hydration of two cements of different strengths

Main hydration products of two cement pastes, i.e. CSH-gel, portlandite (P) (and specific surface S) were studied by static heating, and by SEM, TEM and XRD, as a function of cement strength (C-33 and C-43) hydration time (th) and subsequent hydration in water vapour.Total change in mass on hydration and air drying, M_o, increased with strength of cement paste and with hydration time. Content of water escaping at 110 to 220°C, defined as water bound with low energy, mainly interlayer and hydrate water, was independent on cement strength but its content increased with (th). Content of chemically bound (zeolitic) water in CSH-gel, escaping at 220-400°C, was slightly dependent on strength and increased with (th). It was possibly derived from the dehydroxylation of CSH-gel and AFm phase. Portlandite water, escaping at 400-500°C, was independent on cement strength and was higher on longer hydration. Large P crystals were formed in the weaker cement paste C-33. Smaller crystals were formed in C-43 but they increased with (th). Carbonate formated on contact with air (calcite, vaterite and aragonite), decomposed in cement at 600-700^oC. It was high in pastes C-33(1 month) and C-43(1 month), i.e. 5.7 and 3.3%, respectively; it was less than 1% after 6 hydration months (low sensitivity to carbonation) in agreement with the XRD study showing carbonates in the air dry paste (1month), and its absence on prolonged hydration (6 months) and on acetone treatment. Water vapour treatment of (6 months) pastes or wetting-drying increased this sensitivity.Nanosized P-crystals, detected by TEM, could contribute to the cement strength; carbonate was observed on the rims of gel clusters.This revised version was published online in November 2005 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

解决能源问题的新途径--光解水制氢的研究

面对日益枯竭的能源危机,氢能是一种洁净、最有前景的替代能源。目前在各种制氢的方法中光催化分解水制氢的研究最多,光解水过程中催化剂最关键,本文对利用太阳能光解水的途径、提高光催化反应效率以及光催化剂的开发研究进行了综述。