中等银纬区逆康普顿γ射线强度

使用最近期的EGRET/CGRO γ射线数据,确定出了中等银纬区(|b|=10°-20°)银河宇宙线与星际气体相互作用产生的γ射线的发射率q/4π,其中采用了由γ射线数据本身来确定该发射率的方法;并由此获得了以银经为函数的不同能区的逆康普顿(IC)γ射线积分强度.在该银纬区,沿银经平均的IC微分强度可表为:I_Ic(E)=1.58×10^－6E^{－2.08±0.06}cm^－2·s^－1·sr^－1GeV^－1,b=10°—20°;I_Ic(E)=2.08×10^－6E^{－2.03±0.06}cm^－2·s^－1·sr^－1GeV^－1,b=－20°—－10°,其中,能量E的范围为30MeV到4000MeV.     

来自γ暴的甚高能γ射线

以膨胀火球模型解释来自γ暴的甚高能γ射线,其中考虑了高能γ射线产生效率,相对论效应以及宇宙背景辐射等因素,计算表明,大于10GeV的γ射线的喷射可能在火球膨胀开始后约10^－5s发生,其到达地面时的通量可达10^－4—10^－6cm^－2.     

95Ru的衰变

通过⁹²Mo(a,n)反应产生⁹⁵Ru,对半衰期为1.65小时的⁹⁵Ru的衰变Y谱学进行了研究,观察到了⁹⁵Ru衰变产生的130条γ射线,其中34条是新的.根据符合关系,将新γ射线中的29条放进了衰变纲图,同时确认了原纲图中7条γ射线的位置,发现了⁹⁵Ru衰变子体⁹⁵Tc的3个新能级,给出了⁹⁵Ru新的衰变纲图.     

120Ba的β衰变

用68MeV的¹⁶O束轰击2mg/cm²的¹⁰⁶Cd靶产生¹²⁰Ba再把它氟化,送入氦喷嘴离子源.在线质量分离的¹²⁰Ba的衰变性质被γ-X,γ-γ和γ-β符合测量.其半衰期为24±2S,总衰变能Q_EC=5.0±0.3MeV,并获得了简单的¹²⁰Ba的衰变纲图.     

缺中子核素129Ce的(EC/β+)衰变

利用102MeV¹⁶O⁶⁺束轰击同位素靶¹¹⁷Sn,通过熔合蒸发4n反应产生核素¹²⁹Ce.由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.通过化学分离来制备待测的Ce样品,与此同时用¹⁶O束轰击¹¹⁷Sn的两种相邻的同位素靶¹¹⁸Sn和¹¹⁶Sn,并比较上述3种反应中的产物来进一步区分元素Ce的不同的同位素.结果一种半衰期为4.1min的活性被鉴定为¹²⁹Ce.基于X–γ–t和γ–γ–t符合测量,建议了包括51条射线在内的¹²⁹Ce的(EC/β⁺)衰变纲图.其中,¹²⁹Ce基态直接馈送到¹²⁹La基态的份额(26±7)%是用观测到的¹²⁹La衰变的278.6keV的γ射线的生长和衰变曲线估计出来的.另外还给出了用La-K_α-X射线和68.2keVγ射线开门的γ谱以及典型的衰变γ射线的时间谱.     

缺中子176Ir核β+/EC衰变研究

在210MeV的束流能量下, 利用重离子熔合蒸发反应¹⁴⁶Nd(³⁵Cl, 5nγ)¹⁷⁶Ir产生具有β⁺/EC衰变性质的核素¹⁷⁶Ir,由氦喷嘴快速带传输系统将反应产物传送到低本底区进行测量. 经过实验数据的离线处理分析,对早先发表的¹⁷⁶Ir衰变γ跃迁进行确认的同时又发现了3个新能级和10条新的γ射线, 丰富了¹⁷⁶Os核的低位激发态能级纲图. 并根据典型γ射线的衰变时间谱建议了¹⁷⁶Ir核的一个长寿命的低自旋同核异能态.     

首次建立缺中子核素209Fr的分支比很弱的(EC+β+)衰变纲图

用¹⁶O束轰击¹⁹⁷Au靶,通过熔合蒸发4n反应产生了²⁰⁹Fr,借助于氦喷嘴带传输系统对其衰变性质进行了研究.由γ-t,X-γ-t,γ-γ-t符合及γ-γ延迟符合测量得到的结果,首次建立了²⁰⁹Fr的(EC+β⁺)衰变纲图.它包含了20条γ射线.²⁰⁹Rn的5个低位态的成员可以用[(²¹⁰Rn2⁺)(νf_5/2)^－1]多重态结构来解释.实验估计²⁰⁹Fr(EC+β⁺)衰变的分支比为(3.0±1.5)%.     

缺中子120Ba核EC/β+衰变的再研究

利用171MeV ³²S束轰击⁹²Mo靶,熔合蒸发(2n2p)反应合成了¹²⁰Ba核.由氦喷嘴反冲快速带传输系统将反应产物送到低本底区.位于带子两侧的两个平面型高纯锗探测器对反应产物进行了符合测量.经离线数据分析,对早先发表的¹²⁰Ba衰变γ射线予以确认,并补充了19条强度较弱、能量较低的γ射线.建议了¹²⁰Ba的衰变纲图共包括35条γ射线和25条能级.     

101Mo衰变的研究

采用γ–γ–t三参数快慢符合谱仪研究了¹⁰¹Mo¹⁰¹Tc的衰变,利用符合测量结果构造了一个新的¹⁰¹Mo¹⁰¹Tc衰变纲图.首次确定了104.70,105.95,774.15keV γ射线的位置.首次观测到1508.01keV的γ射线并确认了其跃迁位置.     

197Au中子辐射俘获过程中γ射线强度函数与能谱研究

文章假定在复合核首次和级联γ退激过程中,除包含巨偶极共振模式外,还存在⁶He,⁶Li,⁶Be,⁷Li和⁷Be等粒子集团的激发态的退激过程,并据此建立了包括这些过程的γ射线强度函数,计算了入射中子能量在0.01—3MeV能区的中子辐射俘获反应:¹⁹⁷Au(n,γ)的反应截面和γ能谱,得到了与实验数据较好符合的结果.特别是,很好地解释了γ能谱中5.5MeV之后的反常突起.     

视觉估计显示器gamma在Internet网络上的应用

使用自行开发出的基于Web的gamma估计程序,分别通过Internet对CRT和LCD显示器在暗、微暗和办公环境三种观察环境下,进行了视觉估计显示器gamma精确度研究实验.实验得出:不同实验者估计偏差范围,对CRT和LCD显示器分别是0.13和0.20;估计与测量结果的平均误差范围,对CRT和LCD显示器分别是0.07和0.17;gamma估计基本与观察环境无关;观察视角对LCD显示器gamma值影响很大;显示器的"亮度"和"对比度"设置,不影响视觉估计结果.     

Search for γ-Emission from Isomeric Nuclei Induced by MeV Electron Beams

In this paper we study the nuclear transitions induced by incident electrons having an energy of several MeV's. We measured the cross sections for the excitation of isomeric nuclear states by 7.7 MeV electrons. The cross sections were 1.2 μb for ^111m Cd, 5.5 μb for ^113m In and 7.0 μb for ^115m In. The peak activation rates were 1.8×10⁻¹² s⁻¹ for ^111m Cd, 8.1×10⁻¹² s⁻¹ for ^113m In and 1.0×10⁻¹¹ s⁻¹ for ^115m In, for a peak power of the electron beam of 1.8×10⁶ W cm⁻². Then we describe for the first time the results of a series of experiments in which samples containing the isomeric nuclei ^166m Ho and ^186m Re have been irradiated with MeV electron beams. An upper limit of 17 mb has been determined for the cross section of electron-induced γ-emission from ^166m Ho and an upper limit of 2.2 mb has been determined for the cross section of electron-induced γ-emission from ^186m Re. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Experiments with Coherent γ Fields: Gamma Echo and Related Phenomena

The role of coherence played in several phenomena in the gamma energy region has not been well recognised until recently. The Mössbauer source nuclei are noncorrelated, but the absorber response has a well-defined phase relation to the instantaneous source radiation within the relaxation time of the nuclear system. By rapidly changing this phase relation with mechanical displacement, new types of coherent transients in gamma regime have been observed. The gamma echo, replicating and amplifying the enchained decay through a thick sample, is perhaps the best known example of these phenomena. In addition, a simple gamma-ray interferometer based on rapid transit through the resonance has been demonstrated. Fast and intense gamma pulses have been obtained with stepwise phase modulation. These and the gamma-NMR double resonance experiments are reviewed in this paper.     

The diffuse cosmic gamma rays

A careful and objective analysis is made of the available experimental observations which claim evidence for the existence of a shoulder in the spectrum of the diffuse cosmic gamma rays in the energy range of 1–40 MeV. In this, special cognisance is taken of the experimental data and theoretical calculations of the Bombay Group. These considerations cast serious doubts on the reliability of the high flux values obtained by many experimenters in this energy region emphasizing thereby the need for great caution in interpreting the shoulder as due to cosmological effects with far reaching implications.     

蟹状星云脉冲星的TeV γ射线周期发射

利用自行研制的两台大气切伦科夫望远镜(ACT2和ACT3),在1995年秋至1996年春的观测季节对蟹状星云脉冲星进行了168小时(ACT2)和126小时(ACT3)的跟踪观测.分析这些数据没有发现有月或天时间尺度稳定的33ms周期的TeVγ射线发射,但发现两段持续几十分钟的暴发样本具有33ms周期.     

TibetⅡ/HD阵列寻找来自蟹状星云的TeVγ射线

羊八井二期阵列(TibetⅡ)和加密阵列HD(HighDensity)分别从1995年和1996年成功地运行以来,已经积累了大量的数据.报道了利用TibetⅡ在1995年10月至1997年9月、HD阵列在1997年2月至8月收集的数据寻找来自蟹状星云(CrabNebula)方向的10TeV和3TeVγ射线稳定发射的初步结果.分析表明,来自CrabNebula的3TeVγ射线的累积信号事例数显示了稳定增长的趋势,显著性达到了3.2σ,但没有发现10TeV和30TeVγ射线稳定发射的迹象.     

用地面阵列寻找TeV能区γ点源的方法探讨

文中探讨搜寻TeV能区γ点源的方法.讨论利用student变量t判断来自源区及背景区宇宙线事例的统计差别,并由Bayes定理与MonteCarlo模拟相结合计算源区各能段的信号数,推算蟹状星云在TeV能区的γ射线微分能谱     

Structural investigation of glasses with doped some transition metal oxides under the influence of gamma irradiation

The ultrasonic velocity of the alkali-borosilicate with different transition metal oxides (TMO) has been studied using the pulse echo technique. The elastic moduli such as elastic constant and bulk modulus have been obtained from the experimental data. Changes in the structure with different gamma irradiation doses have been investigated by using FTIR spectroscopy and ultrasonic studies. The results show that structural changes in the BO₃ to BO₄ due to TMO and irradiation are obtained.     

Radio-frequency controllable quantum interference in Mössbauer spectroscopy

The role of quantum interference (QI) in spectra of the resonant Mössbauer scattering is investigated. As a mechanism ensuring the QI conditions, the radio-frequency (RF) mixing of the spin sublevels of the excited nuclear state is considered. It is shown that QI leads to a significant intensity redistribution of the elastic and Raman scattering.